与承载无关的呼叫控制(BICC)规范和测试方法

详细介绍了与承载无关的呼叫控制(BICC)规范的4个部分:BICC的功能,BICC的消息、参数的基本功能和格式,BICC的程序,BICC的应用传送机制(APM)、隧道和IP承载控制协议,以及与承载无关的呼叫控制(BICC)测试方法。     

ST推出优化的Java虚拟机ST20 J-Engine

泰克公司（Toktronix）日前宣布提供Spcctra 2 Release、4．4软件，其VoIP和融合网络RTP大规模负荷生成能力较Spectra 2 VoIP测试解决方集翻了一番，并在监视器、测试仪和发生器应用中引入了BICC（承载无关呼叫控制）呼叫模型脚本编制功能。     

BICC概述及案例

BICC(Bearer Independent Call Control——与承载无关的呼叫控制)协议属于应用层控制协议,可用于建立,修改,终结呼叫,可以承载全方位的PLMN/PSTN/ISDN业务。BICC是对ISUP协议的演进和发展,其最基本的特点就是将呼叫控制和承载控制两个层面分离,使得呼叫业务功能(CSF)和承载控制功能(BCF)相独立。     

与承载无关的呼叫控制（BLOC）规范和测试方法

详细介绍了与承栽无关的呼叫控制（BICC）规范的4个部分：BICC的功能，BICC的消息、参数的基本功能和格式，BICC的程序，BICC的应用传送机制（APM）、隧道和IP承栽控制协议，以及与承栽无关的呼叫控制（BICC）测试方法。     

呼叫与承载无关的信令协议和应用

介绍了引入呼叫与承载无关的信令(BICC),重点描述了BICC的网络协议模式、ISUP的协议和CS-1的BICC程序。     

基于SIP的呼叫控制

介绍了软交换之间的互通协议BICC和SIP，以及这两种协议的比较，然后提出了SIP用于软交换控制网络中的呼叫控制中方法和响应的使用和相应的一些流程。     

下一代网络中通用呼叫控制模型的研究

传统的呼叫控制模型已经不能满足NGN(下一代网络)对融合协议、融合网络、多方多媒体业务的复杂控制需求。文章在分析了NGN需求的基础上,提出一种适合NGN的通用呼叫控制模型。该模型实现了呼叫控制与媒体资源控制相分离,支持多协议接入,支持统一的呼叫控制与业务检测,可以灵活地提供各种增值业务。文章在给出了该模型的框架结构后,详细分析了其中呼叫控制子系统的基本呼叫状态模型及其实现的关键技术。     

新一代电信网信令协议BICC

根据ITU－T SG11的最新研究动态,介绍支撑电信网演进的重要信令与承载无关的呼叫控制（BICC）信令的应用背景,网络结构,协议模型,能力集1和2（CS－1和CS－2）的信令标准及其进一步研究方向。     

软交换呼叫模型的研究与设计

提出一种适用于软交换特点的呼叫模型．该呼叫模型的设计借鉴并改进成熟的智能网呼叫模型．增强媒体控制能力，实现呼叫控制与媒体承载、业务逻辑与呼叫控制的分离。支持对多协议的接入，同时满足开放式业务的需求，具有较好的灵活性和扩展性。     

传统长途电话网向分组化网络的演进之路——BICC

传统PSTN网向分组化网络演进是历史的必然,而和工途电话网的演进则是首当其冲。本首先分析了这种演进的必然性及演进中遇到的问题,。指出承载无关的呼叫控制（BICC）为此铺就既面向未来又能充分地利用已有承载网投资的演进之路。接着本介绍了BICC的功能和协议模型,以及BICC在信令消息及信令处理过程方面与ISUP的差别,并用一个例子说明了BICC的动态流程。最后本还介绍了BICC协议标准化的现状和未来。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks