直接染料染色废水的脱色及其回用

使用还原型脱色剂对直接染料染色废水进行脱色处理，重点研究了脱色剂用量、反应温度、pH和时间等因素对脱色反应的影响。并且将脱色后的染色废水回用于织物染色中，在染色织物的颜色特征和牢度方面进行了比较。结果表明，脱色温度的升高有利于染料的脱色，尤其对于水溶性较差的品种，脱色剂用量的增加能够促进染料的脱色率的升高。另外三种染料在自来水和回用水中的的染色织物的染色表面深度和牢度比较接近，而且染色织物之间的色差较小，这说明脱色废水可以回用于直接染料的染色中。     

染色废水的还原脱色及其回用

使用还原型双组分脱色剂对含有不同种类水溶性染料的染色废水进行脱色处理，重点研究了脱色剂用量、反应温度、pH值和时间对脱色反应的影响。并且将脱色后的染色废水回用于织物染色中，在染料的上染速率曲线和颜色特征方面进行了比较。结果表明，随着脱色刑用量的增加，染色废水的脱色率都逐渐升高：中性pH条件和温度的升高均可以促进染色废水的脱色；在60℃～700℃，脱色率可达到90％；在常温下3～5分钟内完成脱色，而直接染料不超过15分钟，脱色废水能够回用于织物染色中，染料的上染曲线几乎没有变化，染色深度和色差变化极小。     

活性染料原位光电催化脱色及其回用

使用以负载改性纳米TiO2的活性炭颗粒为填充电极的三维光电催化反应装置,对活性染料染色废水进行原位光电脱色处理,重点研究了活性炭用量、电压、pH值和无机盐对脱色反应的影响.将脱色后的染色废水回用于棉织物染色中,对染色织物的颜色特征进行了比较.结果表明:当活性炭用量适中时,活性染料染色废水的脱色率最好;pH为中性时对活性染料染色废水的脱色几乎无影响;氯化钠的添加有利于脱色效果的改善;脱色后废水可以回用于织物的活性染料染色中.     

印染废水的脱色及其废染料再利用研究

利用蛋白助剂对活性染料印染废水进行脱色,收集固体脱色废染料,然后采用焦磷酸钠重新溶解废染料。研究了废染料对未改性棉织物及经自制反应型阳离子改性剂WLS改性棉织物的染色性能。结果表明,溶解后的染料最好即配即用,不要放置,否则上染百分率有所降低;脱色废染料染阳离子剂WLS改性的棉织物上染百分率显著提高。因此,采用WLS助剂对棉织物阳离子化改性处理是解决脱色废染料上染率低的一条有效途径。     

铁屑内电解法对活性艳红X-3B脱色过程的机理研究

人工配制活性艳红X-3B染料废水,与铁屑混合利用摇床进行脱色过程机理研究。采用测定反应产物苯胺方法及添加EDTA的对照实验对反应过程中的铁屑的内电解还原和铁离子的絮凝作用进行研究。结果表明,铁屑的内电解还原对染料废水的最终降解脱色起到重要作用。染料废水脱色是一个先大量吸附再进行内电解还原,逐步反应的过程。铁离子的絮凝作用能有效促进染料废水色度去除率的提高。     

二氧化钛吸附脱色有机物的影响因素分析

TiO_2因其具有较好的化学稳定性、较高的光催化效率和比表面积大等特点,是一种在环境治理诸多领域非常具有应用前景的光催化材料。碱性染料甲基橙是一种应用非常广泛的有机染料,是废水中很具有代表性的染料废水。本文为了研究二氧化钛吸附脱色有机物的影响因素,选用了甲基橙作为目标降解物,讨论pH值、反应温度、目标污染物浓度和催化剂使用量对二氧化钛吸附脱色有机物性能的影响。     

炉灰脱色剂对分散红染料废水的脱色处理研究

以炉灰剂脱色对分散红染料废水进行脱色处理研究,结果表明,炉灰脱色剂是分散红染料废水很好的脱色剂,其脱除率可达99.84％。用炉灰脱色剂对分散红染料废水进行脱色处理,以废治废,不但炉灰价廉易得,处理设备简单,操作方便,处理时间短,对分散红废水无需进行pH值的调整。炉灰脱色剂再生后可多次重复利用,大大降低了处理成本,而且脱色效果较许多已知的方法还好。     

高铁酸钾氧化脱色三苯甲烷染料废水

采用高铁酸钾对水溶性三苯甲烷染料结晶紫和碱性品红废水进行氧化脱色研究。考察了高铁酸钾投加量、反应温度和染料浓度对脱色率的影响。结果表明,高铁酸钾能够有效去除染料废水中的色度,投加量和反应温度均存在最佳值。当结晶紫和碱性品红废水的质量浓度低于50mg/L时,脱色率几乎不受染料浓度的影响。2种三苯甲烷染料相比较,碱性品红比结晶紫更容易被氧化降解。     

厌氧光生物转盘-好氧生物膜久理偶氮染料废水

利用厌氧光生物转盘-好氧移动床膜生物反应器处理偶氮染料废水,探讨了染料浓度、光照时间、供氧条件、硫酸盐浓度4个操作条件对组合:亡艺处理效果的影响.实验结果表明,厌氧光生物转盘对染料废水的脱色和COD去除起主要作用,当光生物转盘连续光照时间为12 h/d,废水中染料质量浓度为100 mg/L,HRT为5 h时,光生物转盘的脱色率达90%左右,COD去除率达70%左右.经过后续好氧移动床处理,厌氧出水中的有毒芳香化合物得到有效降解,系统总COD去除率达90%以上.     

Cu_2O/H_2O_2类芬顿工艺用于染料废水的脱色研究

采用类芬顿工艺处理印染废水,考察了自制Cu_2O催化剂对染料的降解性能。结果表明,当Cu_2O用量为0.5g/L、双氧水(H_2O_2质量分数30%)用量为5 m L/L,在75℃下反应4 min,对质量浓度为15 mg/L罗丹明B溶液脱色率达到100%。随着反应温度升高,染料的脱色速率和脱色率均增大,符合1级反应动力学方程,75℃下反应速率常数k为1.31 min~(-1),比室温条件(25℃)下提高了60倍。染料废水中的无机盐对Cu_2O催化降解染料有明显的促进作用,原因是催化过程中产生大量的活性氯基团有利于有机物降解。当NaCl浓度为0.2 mol/L时,可使染料在室温下,反应30 min脱色完全,且Cu~+的流失量小于0.6 mg/L,满足GB 25467-2010排放要求。该类球形Cu_2O在染料废水催化降解中具有较好的应用前景。     

Effect of the bio-salt trisodium citrate in the dyeing of cotton

Sodium chloride and trisodium citrate have been studied as exhausting agents for dyeing bleached cotton fabrics with reactive, direct and solubilised vat dyes. The effect of dye concentration, exhausting agent concentration, dyeing time and temperature were studied and the resulting shades obtained by dyeing with trisodium citrate and sodium chloride were compared. Dye uptake values were estimated and found to be higher for trisodium citrate than for sodium chloride. The total dissolved solids content of the spent liquors was lower with trisodium citrate than with sodium chloride.     

Application of polycarboxylic acid sodium salt in the dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes

In this study, the effects of polycarboxylic acid sodium salt on the dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes were evaluated by measuring and comparing the K/S values and dyeing fastnesses of the dyed cotton fabric samples. Results showed that the K/S value and dyeing fastness of cotton fabrics dyed with polycarboxylic acid sodium salt, substituting inorganic salts as exhausting agent were close to that of with sodium chloride when dip‐dyeing process was used. While, in pad‐dry dyeing, the K/S value of cotton fabric samples dyed with polyacid salts as exhausting agent was higher than that of with sodium sulfate, and the dyeing fastnesses of these samples were nearly the same. The dyeing mechanism of cotton fabric with reactive dye, using polycarboxylic acid sodium salt as exhausting agent was analyzed. The dyeing exhausting mechanism of reactive dye seems different when the inorganic salt and polycarboxylic acid sodium salt were used as exhausting agent in the dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dye. The polycarboxylic acid sodium salt, as weak electrolyte, increased the dye‐uptake of reactive dye on cotton fabric not only by screening negative charges on cotton surface, but also by the effect of salting‐out or hydrophobic combination. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

棉织物活性染料无盐、无碱染色工艺研究

本文从棉织物阳离子改性和Argazol NF系列活性染料应用两方面考虑,实现棉织物活性染料的无盐、无碱清洁染色.改性条件为阳离子改性剂用量7％,80℃,10分钟.改性后的棉织物用Argazol NF系列活性染料染色,该清洁染色工艺条件为80℃,90分钟.     

Alkaline dyeing of polyester and polyester/cotton blend fabrics using sodium edetate

An alkaline dyeing of polyester with an alkali‐stable disperse dye, Dianix® Scarlet AD‐RG, was developed using sodium edetate as an alkaline buffering agent. The results obtained indicate the suitability of using sodium edetate for alkaline dyeing of polyester when compared with the control alkaline dyeing using Dianix AD system. Selected mono and bifunctional reactive dyes were used in combination with the alkali‐stable disperse dye for dyeing of polyester/cotton blend. Different dyeing methods for cotton and polyester/cotton blend fabrics using sodium edetate were evaluated in comparison with their respective control alkaline dyeing methods. The results of using sodium edetate in one‐bath two‐stage and two‐bath dyeing of polyester/cotton blend were comparable with that of the control dyeing method. Particularly, no change in the leveling and fastness properties was evaluated for all samples irrespective of the dyeing method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

锦/棉交织物活性染料一浴法染色工艺的研究

锦纶和棉的染色性能不同，所以锦/棉交织物的同色性染色工艺较为复杂。传统的染色方法是采用分散/活性，分散/直接，酸性/活性等两浴法染色。本文用活性染料对锦/棉织物进行一浴两步法染色。选择pH值4.5-5可以对锦纶染色，在碱性条件下对锦纶不上色或轻微上色的活性染料，首先在酸性条件下对锦纶纤维染色，然后调节pH值到碱性对棉纤维染色，得到了优异的同色性。     

Dyeing and finishing of cotton fabric in a single bath with reactive dyes and citric acid

Simultaneous dyeing and durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with reactive dyes and citric acid finishing agent was carried out using a pad-dry-cure process. Factors affecting the process, such as the concentration of dye, citric acid, catalyst and alkali, as well as the curing temperature, were investigated. The dyed and finished fabrics were evaluated with respect to colour strength, crease recovery angle, breaking strength and fastness properties.     

锦/棉织物一浴法染色工艺探讨

本文对活性染料染锦/棉交织物的染色工艺进行了系统研究。根据活性染料的染色特征值SERF值从大到小的顺序筛选了三组活性染料,分别对先酸后碱工艺和应用pH值调节剂A工艺的染色效果作了比较研究。结果表明:SERF值中等的染料适用于上述两种工艺。先酸后碱工艺的固色率可达70%,摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度分别为4～5级,同色性较好。应用pH值调节剂A的工艺固色率可达80%,摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度分别为4～5级,且同色性较好。     

非反应型阳离子助剂在一浴法无盐轧蒸染色工艺中的应用

使用自制的非反应型阳离子助剂对棉织物进行预处理,分别选用活性黄K-RN、活性艳红K-2BP、活性艳蓝KN-R进行一浴法无盐轧蒸染色试验.确定了阳离子助剂处理棉织物的最佳方式和使用的最佳浓度,并与常规有盐染色进行性能对比.结果表明,采用一浴法无盐轧蒸染色对染样的固色率、色光和牢度未产生影响.阳离子助剂的使用能够替代电解质的加入,染料利用率提高25％～40％.棉纤维阳离子化能够在相对较低的温度下进行,提高了该工艺的适用范围,最终达到节能减排的目的.     

Adsorption and fixation behaviour of CI Reactive Red 195 on cotton woven fabric in a nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100 reverse micelle

To achieve the goals of saving water and being salt‐free in the coloration of cotton fabric with reactive dye, nonionic reverse micelles were prepared and optimised with a surfactant, Triton X‐100, n‐octanol and isooctane by injecting a small amount of CI Reactive Red 195 aqueous solution. The adsorption, diffusion and fixation of this dye on cotton fabric in Triton X‐100 reverse micelle and bulk water were then investigated. The equilibrium and kinetic data of the dye adsorption process were evaluated. The colour strength and fixation rate of cotton fabrics dyed in the micelle and in bulk water were also examined and compared. The results indicated that the amount of dye adsorbed increased with the increasing temperature and the initial dye concentration. The dye adsorption process could be described using the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equations. It was found that CI Reactive Red 195 showed a stronger adsorption property on cotton fabric in Triton X‐100 reverse micelle than in bulk water without the addition of sodium chloride. Using Triton X‐100 reverse micelle as the dyeing medium offered the reactive dye better diffusion performance within the cotton fibre as compared with bulk water. Moreover, higher fixation of the dyes absorbed on the cotton fibre was achieved when the optimum concentration of sodium carbonate was used as the alkali agent in Triton X‐100 reverse micelle.     

One-bath dyeing of a polyester/cotton blend with reactive disperse dyes from 2-hydroxypyrid-6-one derivatives

A series of temporarily solubilised reactive disperse dyes based on 1-substituted derivatives of 2-hydroxypyrid-6-one were applied to a 65;35 polyester/cotton blend using a one-bath dyeing method without dispersing agent. The dyeing behaviour of these dyes on polyester and cotton fabrics, and polyester/cotton blend fabric, were studied. The colour yields of the dyes on the polyester/cotton blend were found to be highly dependent on the initial pH, optimum results being obtained at pH 5. Good levelling and good to excellent fastness properties were obtained on the blend, with the exception of lightfastness, which was moderate.