Multi-band microwave photonic satellite repeater scheme employing intensity Mach-Zehnder modulators

To solve the satellite repeater's flexible and wideband frequency conversion problem, we propose a novel microwave photonic repeater system, which can convert the upload signal's carrier to six different frequencies. The scheme employs one 20 GHz bandwidth dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and two 10 GHz bandwidth MZMs. The basic principle of this scheme is filtering out two optical sidebands after the optical carrier suppression (OCS) modulation and combining two sidebands modulated by the input radio frequency (RF) signal. This structure can realize simultaneous multi-band frequency conversion with only one frequency-fixed microwave source and prevent generating harmful interference sidebands by using two corresponding optical filters after optical modulation. In the simulation, one C-band signal of 6 GHz carrier can be successfully converted to 12 GHz (Ku-band), 28 GHz, 34 GHz, 40 GHz, 46 GHz (Ka-band) and 52 GHz (V-band), which can be an attractive method to realize multi-band microwave photonic satellite repeater. Alternatively, the scheme can be configured to generate multi-band local oscillators (LOs) for widely satellite onboard clock distribution when the input RF signal is replaced by the internal clock source.     

基于双光频梳的多频段变频方法

为了探寻一种基于光频梳的灵活、高效的多频段变频方案,采用一个双驱动马赫-曾德尔调制器（D-MZM）和两个双平行马赫-曾德尔调制器（DP-MZM）组成的系统,由接收到的射频信号驱动D-MZM,进行单边带调制,进而得到一个载波和+1阶边带。利用两个DP-MZM分别作为两个光频梳产生器,产生两个相位相干、中心频率不同的光频梳,并进行了理论分析和实验验证;同时还研究了直流偏置点漂移对系统变频效率的影响。结果表明,所提出的变频系统,可将Ku波段的15GHz微波信号转化成3GHz,7GHz,11GHz,19GHz,23GHz和27GHz的信号;输出的微波信号信噪比可达28.82dB~29.99dB;直流偏置点的漂移量在-10%~50%范围内影响明显。该方法可为卫星通信系统提供多频段变频功能,从而满足多频段通信需求。     

Optical down-sampling of wide-band microwave signals

Phase-encoded optical sampling allows radio-frequency and microwave signals to be directly down-converted and digitized with high linearity and greater than 60-dB (10-effective-bit) signal-to-noise ratio. Wide-band electrical signals can be processed using relatively low optical sampling rates provided that the instantaneous signal bandwidth is less than the Nyquist sampling bandwidth. We demonstrate the capabilities of this technique by using a 60-MS/s system to down-sample two different FM chirp signals: 1) a baseband (0-250 MHz) linear-chirp waveform and 2) a nonlinear-chirp waveform having a 10-GHz center frequency and a frequency excursion of 1 GHz. We characterize the frequency response of the technique and quantify the analog bandwidth limitation due to the optical pulse width. The 3-dB bandwidth imposed by a 30-ps sampling pulse is shown to be 10.4 GHz. We also investigate the impact of the pulse width on the linearity of the phase-encoded optical sampling technique when it is used to sample high-frequency signals.     

Optical narrow-band filters using optical amplification withdistributed feedback

The amplification characteristics of the distributed-feedback (DFB) laser amplifier are studied. The amplifier has a narrow, single-frequency gain-bandwidth product and the maximum-gain frequency tunability. With these advantages, the amplifier can be applied as an optical narrowband filter. This filter has optical frequency selectivity with an extinction ratio of better than -15 dB for optical inputs separated by 9.8 GHz having different optical input powers. By using a multielectrode DFB laser amplifier, the wide-range tunability of a gain maximum frequency (33.3 GHz) can be obtained while maintaining a constant gain and a constant gain-bandwidth product. Optical frequency selection with an extinction ratio of better then -20 dB can be obtained for two optical inputs separated by 15.4 GHz and having the same input power     

采用两个级联外部调制器产生四倍频光载毫米波的光纤无线通信系统

研究了一种采用两个级联外部调制器基于光载波抑制原理产生四倍频毫米波的光纤无线通信(ROF)系统.在中心站利用电混频器产生副载波复用信号,通过第一个外部调制器产生两倍射频(RF)信号的光载毫米波信号,再通过第二个外部调制器产生四倍射频信号的光载毫米波.实验显示采用频率为10 GHz的射频信号源和2.5 Gbit/s的数据基带信号混频通过两个级联外部凋制器后产生毫米波的频率为40 GHz,并且在单模光纤中传输距离达20 km,功率代价小于2 dB.     

Monolithic GaInAs quad-p-i-n photodiodes for polarization-diversity optical receivers

GaInAs quad p-i-n photodiodes which monolithically integrate two sets of twin-p-i-n photodiodes have been fabricated for a polarization-diversity optical receiver designed for practical coherent lightwave transmission systems. Each p-i-n photodiode achieved a very small capacitance of 616-66 fF, a dark current of 6 pA-6 nA, and a high quantum efficiency of 86-88%. The cutoff frequency of the twin-p-i-n photodiodes exceeded 13 GHz. A common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of -30 dB was measured for the two sets up to 10 GHz. The optical/electrical crosstalk between the two sets of twin-p-i-n photodiodes was about -40 dB at 14 GHz.<>     

基于双平行PM调制的60GHz光毫米波RoF系统研究

提出了一种采用相位调制器产生六倍频光载毫米波的RoF系统。该系统使用一个双平行相位调制器实现六倍频的调制,通过调节相位调制器的相位偏移量,产生出抑制一阶边带的光谱,耦合相减后得到三阶边带信号,在光电检测器中拍频,产生六倍于射频信号的光载毫米波。仿真结果表明,10GHz射频信号可以产生60GHz光载毫米波信号,5Gb/s的数据信号可在单模光纤中传输10km以上。     

超宽带平坦多载波光源结构设计

为了解决波分复用系统中传统光源稳定性差、成本高、带宽小等问题,本文提出了一种超宽带平坦光源发生器结构,该结构基于级联的电吸收调制器和两个频率调制器,得到了频率间隔相同且可调的高带宽、平坦度小的多载波光源。在单波长光信号输入下,产生了大范围频率间隔可调平坦度小于0.2 dB的21个子载波的多载波光源,当驱动信号频率为8 GHz和9 GHz时,平坦度可达到0.07 dB;在多波长光信号输入下,得到了频率间隔为15 GHz,平坦度小于0.9 dB子载波数为275的超宽带平坦光源,频谱宽度可以达到THz以上。最后研究了10 GHz驱动信号下,电吸收调制器与频率调制器驱动信号的相位差、频率调制器的频率偏移以及电吸收调制器的啁啾因子对多载波光源的影响,结果表明,驱动信号的相位差在±10°上下波动时,平坦度最大改变了1.05 dB,频率调制器的频率偏移在±10 GHz范围内变化时,平坦度波动幅度仅为0.1 dB,表明该结构具有良好的稳定性和可控性。     

一种基于光差拍技术的新型频率合成器的研究

提出了一种基于光差拍技术频率合成器的设计方案,频率合成器可以实现DC～×10^2GHz频率范围的梳状谱信号输出。利用10GHz光电探测器（PD）对一腔长为27m的环形腔掺铒光纤激光器输出的多纵模激光进行差拍,得到频率间隔为7．63MHz的梳状信号。受PD响应速率的影响,梳状谱信号的频率范围为DC～10GHz。在此基础上...     

脉幅有序变化OTDM信号的支路及群路全光时钟提取

将含暗帧脉冲的 4× 2 .5GHz的光时分复用 (OTDM)信号注入一含半导体光放大器 (SOA)的锁模光纤激光器 ,利用SOA的交叉增益调制效应 ,提取出 2 .5GHz的支路时钟信号和 5GHz,10GHz的群路时钟信号 ;群路时钟的提取机制是有理数谐波锁模机制。光时分复用信号采用暗帧脉冲不但可以用来识别支路信号 ,而且显著提高了支路时钟信号的质量     

A 10 Gb/s optical heterodyne detection experiment using a 23 GHzbandwidth balanced receiver

A balanced receiver for multigigabit-per-second coherent optical transmission systems is described. A balanced optical receiver with a frequency bandwidth of 23 GHz is achieved by connecting an InGaAs twin-p-i-n photodiode to a 0.5-30.0 GHz GaAs monolithic distributed amplifier fabricated with a soldier bump flip-chip interconnection technique. An experiment which demonstrated that this receiver has the potential for use in 10-Gb/s optical CPFSK (continuous-phase frequency shift keying) heterodyne detection systems was conducted     

一种中频相同的微波光子信道化接收机

提出一种基于相干光处理的微波信道化接收机,采 用 自由谱范围(FSR)不同的两套光频率梳(OFC,optical frequen cy combs)分别作为 光载波和光本振,使得各个信道的输出具有相同的中频。本文方法将微波信号调制到载波 OFC的每一个 频率分量上,并用法布里-珀罗(F-P)光滤波器对多个信道的调制光边带同时进行带通滤 波,然后与 本振OFC进行相干探测实现频率下转换。若载波OFC比本振OFC的FSR大于1个 信道带宽,并使 F-P滤波器的FSR与本振OFC相等,可得 到等带宽、等中频的微波信道,降低了后续电路的复杂度。对 两个相邻信道进行了实验,将9.74～9.86GHz和9.86～9.98GHz波段的信号分别下转换到两个带宽为120MHz 的中频信道,两个中频信道的中心频率仅相差4MHz分别为900MHz和 896MHz,表明本文方法能够实现等中频的信道输出。     

基于级联马赫-曾德电光调制器的60GHz光载毫米波传输系统的研究

提出并实现了一种新的产生毫米波的六倍频技术。采用两个相同的串联马赫一曾德电光调制器（MZM）,调节第1个MZM调制器的偏置电压使其工作在最小传输模式,只输出奇次光谐波分量;调节第2个MZM调制器的偏置电压使其工作在最大传输模式,抑制所有的奇次光谐波分量。实验显示,采用10GHz的射频（RF）信号驱动这两台MZM调制器后...     

基于分布反馈注入锁定的连续可调光子微波倍频实验研究

提出了一种基于注入锁定分布反馈式(DFB)激光器的双波长差频微波/毫米波信号产生方案。方案利用正弦波光信号通过半导体光放大器(SOA)进行非线性展宽,产生高阶分量,然后注入到两个DFB激光器后进行锁定放大,产生频率连续可调的倍频信号。在实验中,注入的正弦波光信号频率为1.25GHz,得到20～40GHz频率范围内1.25GHz的任意自然数倍的连续可调微波信号,其最高倍频数为32。     

Spectral Line-by-Line Pulse Shaping on an Optical Frequency Comb Generator

We demonstrate optical processing based on spectral line-by-line pulse shaping of a frequency comb generated by an optical frequency comb generator (OFCG). The OFCG is able to generate a smooth, broad, stable, known-phase frequency comb, which is ideal for recently developed spectral line-by-line pulse shaping technology applications. We demonstrate line-by-line pulse shaping on 64 lines at 10-GHz line spacing, generate transform-limited 1.6-ps short pulses at 10 GHz by combining two pulses in each period directly from the OFCG, and show various examples for optical arbitrary waveform generation. Further, we demonstrate that these pulse sources are of sufficient quality to support optical fiber communication applications as confirmed by bit error rate measurements.     

Simultaneous all-optical frequency downconversion technique utilizing an SOA-MZI for WDM radio over fiber (RoF) applications

Simultaneous all-optical frequency-downconversion technique utilizing a semiconductor optical amplifier Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SOA-MZI) is experimentally demonstrated, and its application to a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) radio over fiber (RoF) uplink is proposed. The conversion efficiencies from 22.5 (f/sub RF/) to 2.5 GHz (f/sub IF/=f/sub RF/-2f/sub LO/) are in the range from 1.5 to 3 dB for the optical RF wavelength between 1548 and 1558 nm. Error-free simultaneous all-optical frequency downconversion of the two WDM RoF upstream channels that carry 155-Mb/s differential phase-shift keying data at 22.5 GHz to an optical intermediate frequency signal having the frequency of 2.5 GHz with the power penalty less than 0.1 dB at the bit error rate of 10/sup -8/ is achieved.     

Low-noise synthesis of microwave and millimetre-wave signals with optical frequency comb generator

The phase noise of a 20 GHz picosecond optical pulse train generated by a modulator-based optical frequency comb generator is analysed. The residual timing jitter is ⩾10 fs for Fourier frequencies from 10 Hz to 10 MHz. Photodetection of the optical pulse train provides millimetre-wave signals with similarly low residual jitter at 40, 60, and 80 GHz with applicable powers of 27.5, 210.5, and 213 dBm, respectively.     

基于偏置马赫-曾德调制器的微波光子信号倍频

高速光信号源在现代光通信中不可或缺,目前倍受研究者关注。提出了利用一种具有偏置控制的马赫-曾德尔调制器(MZM),采用倍频方案产生高速微波光子信号,并进行了实验研究。通过在MZM 上施加一定的直流偏置引起两臂光脉冲的相位差,使光脉冲发生分裂实现倍频。实验中,利用5 GHz 的射频信号源,成功获得了频率增加一倍的10 GHz 高质量高速光信号。同时,也可以观察到在不同偏置电压下会产生不同的脉冲序列,发现优化偏压是实现高质量倍频的必要条件。该方案可用于产生40 GHz 以上的高频率光脉冲,可广泛应用于高速光通信。     

基于调制边带法的高次倍频光毫米波产生

提出了利用外调制技术的调制边带法的六倍频和八倍频光毫米波产生方案。方案仅采用一个马赫曾德尔调制器,并利用其非线性传输特性,通过调节MZM 的偏置电压和调制电压,控制边带的强度,仅保留三阶边带或四阶边带,从而实现六倍频及八倍频光毫米波的产生。采用将基带数据信号仅调制在一个三阶边带或四阶边带分量的方式,有效防止走离。数值分析结果表明,提出的方案仅需10 GHz 及7.5 GHz 的调制信号频率就能得到60 GHz 毫米波,大大减小了调制信号频率,增加了上变频系数,传输距离可达160 km,而功率代价变化不大。与提出的其他高倍频技术相比,由于系统仅采用一个马赫曾德尔调制器,提出的方案系统结构更为简单,且此方案色散影响较小,传输距离更长。     

Microwave photonic notch filter with complex coefficient based on four wave mixing

A microwave photonic notch filter with a complex coefficient is proposed and demonstrated based on four wave mixing (FWM). FWM effect of two single-frequency laser beams occurs in a highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF), and multi-wavelength optical signals are generated and used to generate the multi-tap of microwave photonic filter (MPF). The complex coefficient is generated by using a Fourier-domain optical processor (FD-OP) to control the amplitude and phase of the optical carrier and phase modulation sidebands. The results show that this filter can be changed from bandpass filter to notch filter by controlling the FD-OP. The center frequency of the notch filter can be continuously tuned from 5.853 GHz to 29.311 GHz with free spectral range (FSR) of 11.729 GHz. The shape of the frequency response keeps unchanged when the phase is tuned.