共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 8 毫秒
1.
A methodology and model have been developed for the real-time optimal flood operation of river-reservoir systems. This methodology is based upon combining a nonlinear programming model with a flood-routing simulation model within an optimal control framework. The generalized reduced gradient code GRG2 is used to perform the nonlinear optimization and the simulator is the U.S. National Wheather Service DWOPER code. Application of the model is illustrated through a case study of Lake Travis on the Lower Colorado River in Texas. 相似文献
2.
围绕中小洪水减压、大洪水保安和特大洪水降损等防洪目标,构建了面向分级防洪目标的梯级水库汛控水位优化调度模型,针对不同频率设计洪水,基于“模拟-优化”框架,采用仿生进化算法对调度模型进行了高效求解,并利用熵权法对调度方案进行了多目标评价,比选了梯级水库汛控水位方案。以金沙江中下游6个梯级水库和三峡水库组成的梯级水库为研究对象,研究结果表明:相比原汛限水位方案,在不降低原防洪标准的前提下,选定的方案可使梯级水库水位抬高0.36~6.22 m,发电量增加6.28亿~19.26亿kW·h,增幅为1.18%~4.27%,经济效益显著,可为梯级水库汛控水位的规划设计提供技术支撑。 相似文献
3.
非工程措施在山区县防汛调度中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对山区洪水汇流快危害大,防汛调度要求反应迅速的问题,通过对水库水雨情遥测系统、山洪灾害预警系统等非工程措施的实际应用,实证建立在准确、全面、及时掌握辖区内水雨情基础上的科学调度,能有效实现防汛减灾. 相似文献
4.
作者总结了取得1995年长江防汛全面胜利的5条主要经验:(1)正确认识水威胁,提高洪患意识,做好防御大洪水准备;(2)防汛指挥系统健全,各级领导亲临一线指标;(3)及时预报水雨情,科学调度确保了防汛正确指标;(4)水利工程是防汛的基础设施,多年建设的工程发挥了巨大效益;(5)确保人民生命安全是防汛的首要任务。 相似文献
5.
基于并行混沌量子粒子群算法的梯级水库群防洪优化调度研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
梯级水库群防洪优化调度问题规模庞大、结构复杂,涉及大量的决策变量和复杂的约束条件,各水库、各时段之间的水位、流量存在复杂的耦合关系,呈现出高维度、非线性、强约束特性,传统的优化方法难以直接求解或者计算效率低,存在早熟收敛问题。研究工作试图将量子粒子群算法(QPSO)引入到水库群防洪优化调度问题中,为了提高算法的全局搜索能力和收敛性能,对标准QPSO做了改进,包括利用混沌思想初始化种群、自适应激活机制和精英粒子混沌局部搜索策略3个方面,并引入多核并行计算技术以降低计算时间,提出了并行混沌量子粒子群算法(PCQPSO),函数测试证明了PCQPSO的可行性、稳定性和高效性。将PCQPSO应用到水库群防洪优化调度问题中,与POA、QPSO进行对比分析,结果表明PCQPSO收敛效率快、求解精度高,为解决梯级水库群防洪优化调度问题提供了一种有效的新思路。 相似文献
6.
7.
1996年长江中游大洪水及调度 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1996年7月,长江中游尤其洞庭湖区出现了超历史记录的高洪水位,按“蓄泄兼筹,以泄为主”及“江湖两利”的治江方针及有关文件,提出计划分洪的方案,但终以抢大险,超工程设计标准运用而取得了防汛的胜利。就分洪区运用而言失得兼有。从防汛实践中表明了今后实行计划分洪,并由此提出了加强分洪区建设的建议。 相似文献
8.
Reservoir flood control operation model incorporating multiple uncontrolled water flows 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Parthasarathi Choudhury 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2010,15(2):153-163
This study presents a weighted pre‐emptive goal programming model formulation for coordinated reservoir operation, with easy inclusion of uncontrolled water flows. The model is combined with a multiple water inflows forecasting model, and can be used for real time reservoir operation. Water flow routing from various upstream sites is accounted by with a single compact equation. Integration of controlled and uncontrolled water flows in the optimization model simplifies the operation model, resulting in accurate computation of the downstream water flow. Multiple objectives with water storage and flow variables are used to derive optimal regulation for a reservoir system under flood conditions. For real time operations, the model can be used to determine optimal water release rates for a current period, on the basis of an optimal water release schedule for an operating horizon (T). The model is applied to the flood control operation of reservoirs in the Narmada River Basin (India), with three controlled and three uncontrolled water flows affecting the downstream flow at Hoshangabad. Reservoir water storage and downstream control point flows are zoned, with prioritized objectives used to derive the optimal water release rates. Model applications to the 1999 flood event in the Narmada River Basin with observed and forecasted inflows illustrates that, if water inflows were known through a forecasting technique well in advance, the coordinated operation of the reservoirs could substantially reduce the peak water flows at the control points. The study also indicates that uncontrolled channel flows at the damage site were sufficiently high to cause flooding at the damage site. 相似文献
9.
针对城市防洪与水土保持的关系作了阐述.对城市水土保持进行了分析,阐述了城市防洪和水土保持的特点.最后从硬、软两方面给出了自己的一些粗浅的想法. 相似文献
10.
长江整体防洪标准低,洪涝灾害成为制约本流域国民经济发展的重要因素。从多年的防汛实践看,加强综合治理、实施“标本兼治”、开拓分蓄洪区建设新思路、大力加强非工程防洪措施等,提高长江中下游抗御洪涝灾害的能力。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
在水库实际防洪预报调度过程中,洪水的自然特性直接影响其调度风险。为降低此风险,本文提出了基于同频率地区组成法的联合防洪预报调度模型。以最大防洪库容之和最小为目标,通过调洪演算得到由m种洪水组合与n个设计频率相结合的m×n种组合方案下的联合防洪预报调度和常规调度的调度风险指标。计算结果表明联合防洪预报调度相比常规调度降低了最高坝前水位与最大下泄流量,从而降低了调度风险,进一步针对联合防洪预报调度模型,应用动态规划法求得整个调度周期内的联合泄流调度方式。 相似文献
14.
15.
Three canal control systems (manual upstream control, automatic upstream control and automatic downstream control) were studied for the main canal of the Shoeibieh irrigation project in Iran. The canal and the selected control systems were modelled in a hydrodynamic modelling package. The operational performances of the canal control systems were investigated and quantified for two water delivery schedules, one with small, but frequent adjustments and the other one with big, but infrequent adjustments. Based on the results of the study, automatic upstream control with a small step delivery schedule has been selected for the project.Paper presented at the European Conference Advances in Water Resources Technology, Athens, 20–23 March 1991. 相似文献
16.
广西防汛抗旱工作回顾与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
回顾近年来广西的防汛抗旱工作成绩,总结其经验和启示,针对国家防总提出的防汛抗旱工作由控制洪水向洪水管理转变,由单一抗旱向全面抗旱转变的"两个转变"新思路,指出今后广西的防汛抗旱工作要点。 相似文献
18.
19.
以洪水管理的理念,分析了2010年江西省防汛工作,并总结防御洪水灾害经验,从中得到反思,对今后防汛工作具有指导意义. 相似文献