瞬时功率下分布式电能计量自动计费方法研究

随着电力系统中各类非线性负载的使用日益增多,电能计量自动计费越来越受关注。对此,提出了瞬时功率下分布式电能计量自动计费方法。首先,分析瞬时功率下ADE7880芯片功能,利用单片机驱动与调用整体的功能模块,通过采集器模块采集电压与电流信号。然后,构建电能网关结构,通过电路调理模块调整并转换采集的电压、电流信号,输送至瞬时功率测量模块。最后,将瞬时有功功率传递至分布式电能计量模块,完成瞬时功率下电能计量自动计费方法研究。试验结果表明,所研究的瞬时功率下分布式电能计量自动计费方法的瞬时功率测量精度较高、功率测量稳定性较优,可精准计算用户使用电能的费用,具有较好的自动计费效果。     

数字化火电厂能源计量与智能化设备自控的联合应用

在大数据时代,火电企业能源计量自动化应用是火电厂自动控制系统的重要组成部分。智能化能源计量可准确地了解和控制火电厂高效运营的具体情况,并可实现远程计量、自动计费、负荷控制、降低能耗等功能,从而达到节能的目的。因此,加强基于数字化形势下的火电厂能源计量与智能化设备自控进行分析,对火电厂的发展具有重大的意义。     

多信道自动转接无线集群计费系统

介绍一种多信道自动转接无线集群计费系统,该系统是由自行设计的计费控制器、微机、打印机和专用软件组成.它具有多信道自动扫描计费、自动定时计费、远程遥控计费、自动避让等功能,计费方式符合邮电部规定,是目前国内较先进的集群计费系统.     

基于分级通信模式的住宅小区自动电能计费系统的研制

介绍采用多级分级通信模式组成的住宅小区自动电能计费系统的硬件构成和软件设计;重点介绍电能数据采集器的硬件组成和提高电量计量精度的方法。     

基于P-R模型的网络计费系统的实现

本文提出了一种基于P-R模型的网络计费方法，它将Proxy的计费和Router的计费结合起来的计费方式。解决了单一计费方式的缺陷，同时减轻了由校网络中心统一计费的负担。并且可与学校的财务系统互连，实现自动代扣代缴。     

基于分级通信模式的住宅小区自动电能计费系统的研制

介绍采用多级分级通信模式组成的住宅小区自动电能计费系统的硬件构成和软件设计;重点介绍电能数据采集器的硬件组成和提高电量计量精度的方法.     

基于CAN总线的自动抄表系统

分析和讨论了基于CAN总线的自动抄表系统的总体方案及软、硬件设计。该系统能实现智能住宅小区的远程自动抄表 ,并可进行分时记录、分时计费 ,也可显示负荷曲线     

低功耗智能网络水表的设计

为实现远程自动计量用水量,提高水资源管理工作的效率和科学化水平,设计了一种集计量、计费、显示、管理及控制于一体的新型智能网络水表。通过网络通信技术与集中器、管理计算机联网,构成多功能低功耗用水量远程抄表系统。重点分析并阐述了以低功耗为出发点的智能网络水表的硬件及软件设计。     

电能计量计费系统TMS的设计与实现

详细地阐述了电能计量计费系统的设计和实现技术，针对电能计量计费系统的特点提出了基于Browser/Server方式的结构框架，并给出了构件技术，中间件技术，异构数据库等关键技术的解决方案。     

电力计量计费自动化系统的设计与应用

介绍了电力计量计费自动化系统及其主要功能，用电量采集技术，计算机技术，网络技术实现了电力计量计费自动化系统，为电力部门的高效管理提供了有力的工具。     

考虑CDM的分时电价建模与分析

针对实施CDM(清洁发展机制)对分时电价系统产生的影响,提出了考虑CDM的分时电价数学模型,并对考虑CDM的分时电价体系进行了分析,在不考虑CDM的情况下,即分时电价模型中不考虑实施CDM项目产生的收益,合使得系统处于一种次优的运行状态,因此,提出了考虑CDM的分时电价数学模型.仿真结果表明,新的分时电价模型在符合需求...     

Multiple indices for optimal reactive power pricing and control

An integrated approach for reactive power price and control is developed. Reactive power price is divided into fixed and variable parts. The fixed part is the operational cost of reactive power service. The variable part of reactive power price is determined based on capability and contributions to the improvement of system performance such as security, reliability and economics. These contributions can be evaluated by computing sensitivity of objective function with respect to reactive power support. The optimal power flow (OPF) approach is used to carry out this purpose. For VAr planning (or control) purposes, three parallel indices are first presented to determine the sites of new VAr sources. They are benefit-to-cost ratio index, voltage reactive sensitivity index, and the bus voltage security index. The analytic hierarchical process is then used to comprehensively consider the effect of the three indices and the network topology for each candidate VAr source site. The proposed approach was tested on an IEEE 30-bus system with satisfactory results.     

基于Agent的电力市场价格仿真研究

电力市场是规模大、层次复杂的系统,电力系统的改革的重点是建立一个竞争机制的电力市场。传统电力系统仿真工具已经难以分析市场中复杂的关系,采用Agent技术仿真已成为复杂系统建模的有效工具。本文对Agent平台上的电力市场价格模拟系统进行研究,模拟电价产生中发电侧、输电侧和用户的竞争,该方法可用来分析多个参与者对电价形成的影响。     

超密集网络中基于Stackelberg博弈的非统一定价功率控制

针对超密集网小区同频部署中产生的区间干扰问题,提出基于Stackelberg博弈的非统一定价功率控制方案。首先,建立基于Stackelberg博弈的非统一定价功率控制模型,并通过该模型求解出基于价格的最优发射功率,此发射功率是关于干扰价格的函数;接着通过引入拉格朗日函数求解出相应基站的最优干扰价格,由控制器把干扰价格发送给相应的基站,并由基站调整自己的发射功率值去减弱对当前用户的干扰。仿真结果表明,与基于Stackelberg博弈的统一定价功率控制方案相比,所提方案在系统平均中断概率上平均下降了3个百分点。与基于基站权重的功率控制方案相比,在基站数量低于105时,所提方案在平均中断概率平均上上升了1.4个百分点;而当基站数超过105时,所提方案在平均中断概率上平均下降了1.6个百分点。此外,与这两个方案相比,所提方案在系统平均吞吐量上分别提升了12个百分点和10.5个百分点;在系统平均频谱效率上分别提升了9个百分点和8.5个百分点;在系统平均功率效率上分别提升了13个百分点和12个百分点。实验结果表明所提方案能够在部署更多基站情况下更好地提高蜂窝系统的性能。     

Identification of load pockets and market power in electric power systems

In this paper, we present a spectral method for the identification of load pockets and the application of practical techniques for the measurement of market power. Market power is a serious concern in electric energy markets, especially in the area of a load pocket. Common definitions for market power, which rely on a comparison between market prices and a so-called competitive price, are difficult to use in practice because the competitive price is not known when the market is not competitive. The competitive price cannot be computed from data naturally available to the market. Our technique focuses on the identification of participants with the ability to increase revenues by increasing prices, an ability not present in a competitive market. We then propose measures for quantifying the extent to which market power is being exercised. These measures can be computed from data available to the market; they are practical. We present results from a 30 bus, 6 generator system, which illustrates that generators in a load pocket have and can exploit joint market power.     

Distributed dynamic pricing based on demand-supply balance and voltage phase difference in power grid

This paper discusses a distributed decision procedure for determining the electricity price for a real-time electricity market in an energy management system. The price decision algorithm proposed in this paper derives the optimal electricity price while considering the constraints of a linearized AC power grid model. The algorithm is based on the power demand-supply balance and voltage phase differences in a power grid. In order to determine the optimal price that maximizes the social welfare distributively and to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm, the proposed algorithm updates the price through the alternating decision making of market participants. In this paper, we show the convergence of the price derived from our proposed algorithm. Furthermore, numerical simulation results show that the proposed dynamic pricing methodology is effective and that there is an improvement in the convergence speed, as compared with the conventional method.     

Mathematical model for the unit commitment problem in the Russian competitive electricity market

A mathematical model for the calculation of price indicators in the unit commitment problem used in the optimization of the Unified Energy System of Russia is developed. The objective function is the cost of power generation subject to the required power reserves, network constraints, and the power flow distribution in the energy system. The concept of the marginal unit in the unit commitment problem is introduced, and its properties are studied. The results of model calculations are presented.     

控制理论在最优市场营销策略中的应用

考虑一个具有独立经营权、生产单一产品的工厂，如何选择一个适当的市场价格和广告费用以使企业的收益最大的问题。利用现代控制理论，以商誉（ｇｏｏｄｗｉｌｌ）和参考价格（ｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｐｒｉｃｅ）作为状态变量，以广告费和实际价格作为控制变量，建立了系统的动态模型，给出了目标泛函Ｊ，并利用极大值原理和优化方法求出了最优控制。     

Continuous Price Regulation to Form the Desired Load Schedule of a Power System

A price control mechanism is designed to form the required production schedule for a power system. A method of price computation with regard for the fuel consumption of generating units and load types is described.     

基于DSM的分时电价模型

分时电价是需求侧管理(DSM)的一项有效的方法,可以引导用户改变用电方式,实现削峰填谷的目的。本文提出了把峰平电价比和谷平电价比作为参数,来确定分时后用电量变化的模型。在总用电量不变条件下,该方法使得发电方和用电方均获利,达到了削填谷的目的。采用基于DSM的分时电价优化的程序,验证了该方法的可行性。