碱法与酶法提取大麦糟膳食纤维的比较

本研究以大麦糟为原料,分别用碱法与酶法提取大麦糟SDF(可溶性膳食纤维)与大麦糟IDF(不可溶性膳食纤维),并对两种方法提取的膳食纤维的得率、纯度、部分理化性质及感官品质进行了研究,经比较分析得出:碱法提取大麦糟膳食纤维与酶法相比有着成本低,得率高的优点.     

从啤酒糟中提取水溶性膳食纤维的研究

探讨了采用碱法和酶解法提取啤酒糟中水溶性膳食纤维的工艺条件.结果表明,在化学法的最佳条件下,SDF得率为13.37%;在酶法的最佳条件下,SDF得率为4.94%.化学法提取的SDF,颜色较深,为焦糖色;酶法的提取的SDF,颜色较浅,为黄色.     

响应面法优化碱法提取啤酒糟中可溶性膳食纤维的工艺研究

该试验采用氢氧化钠溶液提取啤酒糟中可溶性膳食纤维（soluble dietary fiber,SDF）,研究液料比、提取温度、提取时间和沉淀时间4个影响因素对啤酒糟中SDF得率的影响,在进行单因素试验的前提下,采用四因素三水平响应面组合对其提取工艺进行优化。最终得到较优提取工艺参数为液料比30∶1（mL/g)、提取温度45℃、提取时间60 min、沉淀时间6 h,此条件下啤酒糟中SDF的平均得率为20.34%,相对标准偏差（relative standard deviation,RSD）为2.64%。     

醇—碱法提取啤酒糟中蛋白质工艺的研究

研究了利用醇－碱法提取啤酒糟中的蛋白质，确定了最佳工艺条件。     

低碳食疗植物藤茶水溶性膳食纤维提取工艺研究

以藤茶为原料,运用单因素试验和正交试验方法,研究水提法提取藤茶水溶性膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件。结果最佳工艺条件为水料比30∶1,提取温度80℃,提取时间4h。水溶性膳食纤维平均提取率为9.1%,产品颜色为乳白色粉末。     

碱法提取茅台酒糟中水溶性膳食纤维的工艺研究

以茅台酱香型酒糟为原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验探讨碱法提取酒糟中水溶性膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件,即料水比1∶17,加碱量0.9％,提取时间70min,提取温度80℃,水溶性膳食纤维得率为23.6％,颜色为焦糖色粉末.     

碱法提取麦糟蛋白的影响因素研究

对碱法提取麦糟蛋白的影响因素进行了研究。试验结果表明：影响蛋白质收得率的因素按主次排序分别为pH值，温度，料液比，时间。     

啤酒糟中可溶性膳食纤维的提取及化学组成

啤酒糟干基中含有58.7%的膳食纤维、23.0%的可溶性膳食纤维（SDF）、13.6%的可溶性戊聚糖及30.4%的β－葡聚糖，用乙醇沉淀和酶解蛋白质及淀粉可提取16.5%(w/w,db)的SDF。加入蛋白酶和淀粉酶，以及增加提取溶液的温度，均可增加SDF的提取率。木糖和阿拉伯糖是组成SDF的主要单糖，各占60.44%和34.45%，阿木糖比值为0.57。提取的SDF中还含有12.01%的β－葡聚糖、1.16%甘露糖和3.35%半乳糖。     

Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定大麦糟中总酚条件的优化

采用Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定大麦糟中总酚含量,以没食子酸为参照品确定最佳测定条件。结果表明,Folin-Ciocalteu用量1.0mL,8%Na_2CO_3用量3.0mL,显色温度25℃,反应时间60min,避光,检测波长760nm,没食子酸浓度在1~8μg/mL时与吸光度具有良好线性关系,其回归方程为y=0.121x+0.017 1,R~2=0.999 2。该方法操作简单、稳定性好、准确度高,可用于大麦多酚的定量分析。     

啤酒糟中可溶性膳食纤维的提取及化学组成

啤洒糟干基中含有58.7%的膳食纤维、23.0%的可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)、13.6%的可溶性戊聚糖及30.4%的β-葡聚糖。用乙醇沉淀和酶解蛋白质及淀粉可提取16.5%(db)的SDF。加入蛋白酶和淀粉酶,以及增加提取溶液的温度,均可增加SDF的提取率。木糖和阿拉伯糖是组成SDF的主要单糖,各占60.44%和34.45%,阿木糖比值为0.57。提取的SDF中含有12.01%的β-葡聚糖、1.16%甘露糖和3.35%半乳糖。     

啤酒糟发酵乳酸纤维饮料的制作

以啤酒糟为原料，提取可溶性膳食纤维，后者与脱脂乳混合，接入浮酸菌发酵。经调配、均质等工艺，制成乳酸发酵纤维饮料。综合利用啤酒加工下脚料，既节约，又环保。     

啤酒糟膳食纤维饮料的研制

以啤酒糟为原料提取可溶性膳食纤维与脱脂轧混合，接入乳酸菌发酵。经调配、均质等工艺过程，制成一种功能性乳酸发酵纤维饮料，为啤酒精的开发利用提供了一条新的有效途径。     

红薯叶中水溶性膳食纤维提取工艺优化

采用超声波法提取红薯叶中的水溶性膳食纤维,考察柠檬酸质量分数、料液比、超声功率和时间、提取温度等单因素对提取效果的影响,并采用Box-Benhnken中心组合实验设计和响应面分析法优化提取工艺。结果表明,红薯叶中水溶性膳食纤维最佳提取条件为:柠檬酸质量分数4%,料液比1∶35,超声波功率240 W,超声时间21 min,提取温度60℃,在此条件下水溶性膳食纤维的得率为4.37%±0.04%。该方法操作简便,周期短,提取效果较好。      

Acrylamide elution from roasted barley grains into mugicha and its formation during roasting

This paper investigated acrylamide elution from roasted barley grain into mugicha and its formation during roasting of the grain. Mugicha is an infusion of roasted barley grains. Highly water-soluble acrylamide was easily extracted to mugicha from milled roasted barley grains in teabags. On the other hand, the acrylamide concentration in mugicha prepared from loose grain increased with longer simmering and steeping times. During roasting in a drum roaster, the acrylamide concentration of the grain increased as the surface temperature rose, reaching a maximum at 180–240°C. Above this temperature, the acrylamide concentration decreased with continued roasting, exhibiting an inverted ‘U’-shaped curve. For most of the samples, the acrylamide concentration showed good correlation with the value of the colour space parameter L*. The dark-coloured roasted barley grains with lower L* values contained lower amounts of acrylamide as a result of deep roasting. The level of asparagine in barley grains was found to be a significant factor related to acrylamide formation in roasted barley products. The data are an important contribution to the mitigation of acrylamide intake from mugicha.     

啤酒糟蛋白水解物对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌能力研究

选择4种蛋白酶制备出不同时间水解的啤酒糟蛋白水解物,分别检测其对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌能力。结果表明:采用Flavourzyme水解180min的水解物具有较好的抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的能力;采用聚酰胺柱层析、离子交换柱层析方法及凝胶柱层析方法对水解物进行分离测定,得到分子量约为1 877.67的啤酒糟多肽样品,其对于金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度为2%。     

枯草芽孢杆菌发酵麦糟制备蛋白肽培养基研究

以麦糟为原料,对枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）固态发酵麦糟制备蛋白肽培养基条件进行研究。通过单因素试验考察碳源种类、碳源添加量、料液比、磷酸二氢钾添加量和拌料水pH值对肽得率的影响,通过Box-Behnken试验方案和响应面分析优化培养基。结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌发酵生产麦糟蛋白肽的最优培养基为：pH 7.0,葡萄糖添加量4.2%,麦糟与水的料液比1.0∶2.1（g∶mL）,磷酸二氢钾添加量0.6%,在该条件下,发酵麦糟肽得率可达12.40%。     

蛋白酶水解啤酒糟蛋白动力学研究

为了研究蛋白酶水解啤酒糟蛋白的动力学性质,采用pH-stat法,以蛋白酶对啤酒糟中提取的蛋白进行水解处理。探讨了底物浓度[S]、酶与底物浓度比[E]/[S]和反应时间t对产物水解度DH的影响。建立了[S]及t同DH间的数学模型。通过不同底物浓度加碱量随水解时间的变化速度,测定出蛋白酶水解啤酒糟蛋白的K值。      

Effects of partially replacing barley silage or barley grain with dried distillers grains with solubles on rumen fermentation and milk production of lactating dairy cows

Dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) has been commonly used as a dietary protein source for lactating dairy cows. However, there is a paucity of data evaluating the use of DDGS as a partial replacement of forage or grain. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of partially replacing barley silage or barley grain with corn/wheat-based DDGS on dry matter intake (DMI), chewing activity, rumen fermentation, and milk production. Six ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Cows were fed the control diet (CON: 45% barley silage, 5% alfalfa hay, and 50% concentrate mix), a low forage (LF) diet or a low grain (LG) diet, in which barley silage or barley grain was replaced by DDGS at 20% of dietary dry matter, respectively. All diets were formulated to contain 18% crude protein and fed as total mixed rations. Compared with CON, cows fed the LF diet had greater DMI (26.0 vs. 22.4 kg/d), yields of milk (36.4 vs. 33.0 kg/d), milk protein (1.18 vs. 1.05 kg/d), and milk lactose (1.63 vs. 1.46 kg/d), but milk fat yield was not affected. The LF diet decreased chewing time compared with the CON diet (29.7 vs. 39.1 min/kg of DMI), but did not affect rumen pH and duration of rumen pH below 5.8. Compared with CON, feeding the LG diet tended to increase minimum and maximum rumen pH, but did not affect DMI, milk yield, and milk composition in this study. These results indicate that a partial replacement of barley silage with DDGS can improve the productivity of lactating dairy cows without negatively affecting rumen fermentation and milk fat production. Barley grain can also be partially replaced by DDGS in diets for lactating dairy cows without causing negative effects on productivity.