共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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聚合物微凝胶是一种聚合物交联网络颗粒,又称聚合物微球。聚合物微球凭借自身优良的耐温、耐盐性和特殊的构型,在油气田开发中应用。随油藏环境越来越恶劣,对聚合物微球的性能也提出了新的要求,研究高性能且稳定的功能型聚合物微球变得愈发重要。笔者综述了聚合物微球的主要制备方法,包括反相乳液聚合法、反相微乳液聚合法、反相悬浮聚合法和分散聚合法,对比了不同制备方法的优缺点。综述了聚合物微球在深部调驱、油田荧光示踪剂和钻井液降滤失方面的应用,介绍了不同微球的功能机理,比较了不同类型调驱用聚合物微球的性能特点,对比了不同荧光聚合物微球的荧光特性。目前针对功能型微球的研究较少,应从构型考虑微球的制备,研发具有特殊功能的微球。为后续功能型聚合物制备和油气田开发应用的研究指明了方向。 相似文献
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油田用聚合物微球材料研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对近年来国内聚合物微球材料的制备方法和应用进行了综述,概述了聚合物微球的主要制备方法:反相乳液聚合、反相微乳液聚合、分散聚合和反相悬浮聚合等,并分析了其优缺点;着重介绍了聚合物微球在石油开采(如提高采收率、污水处理等)、增黏降滤失、润滑、防漏堵漏等方面的应用,总结了目前应用中存在的不足,并提出了改进的建议. 相似文献
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葡萄糖水溶液分散物系悬浮聚合法制备微米级单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
采用葡萄糖水溶液为分散介质,加入稳定剂聚乙烯醇,经悬浮聚合法合成了微米级单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球,考察了葡萄糖含量、苯乙烯用量、引发剂用量、稳定剂用量和交联剂用量对微米级单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球粒径大小及其分布的影响。实验结果表明,最佳的悬浮聚合条件为:葡萄糖水溶液中葡萄糖的质量分数为7%~8%、苯乙烯占单体的质量分数为25%~28%、交联剂二乙烯苯占单体的质量分数为0.4%、引发剂偶氮二异丁腈占单体的质量分数为1.0%、稳定剂聚乙烯醇占单体的质量分数为4%、温度为79℃、时间为10h;在此条件下制备的微米级单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球平均直径为10~20μm,分散系数为0.020~0.046。光学显微镜观察结果表明,合成的微米级单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球的形状好。 相似文献
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悬浮聚合法合成纳米级单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
以玉米淀粉/水为分散介质,不添加任何稳定剂,用悬浮聚合法成功地合成了纳米级单分散交联聚苯乙烯微球。考察了淀粉、苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯和偶氮二异丁腈用量对交联聚苯乙烯微球粒径大小及分布的影响。实验表明,最佳的聚合条件为玉米淀粉与水的质量比0.03~0.05,苯乙烯质量分数3.5%~7.0%,二乙烯苯质量分数1%,偶氮二异丁腈质量分数1%,反应温度85℃,反应时间13h。在此条件下制备的交联聚苯乙烯微球粒径为110~125nm,分散系数为0.03~0.04。SEM照片表明,该方法合成的纳米微球形状好、表面无杂质。 相似文献
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交联聚合物微球深部调驱技术及其应用 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
交联聚合物微球的颗粒粒径和溶胀性能是影响调驱效果的主要因素.为提高交联聚合物微球在高含水、强非均质性油藏深部调驱中的应用效果,通过粒径实验、岩心驱替实验等对交联聚合物微球分散体系的性能进行了评价.结果表明:交联聚合物微球在60℃条件下、用孤岛回注污水溶胀10d后,粒径中值增大了34倍;交联聚合物微球分散体系的单管封堵率大于92%,双管岩心驱油实验提高采收率大于11%,交联聚合物微球分散体系完全能够满足孤岛油田高渗透油藏深部调驱的要求.在GD2-24斜516井组实施了交联聚合物微球分散体系深部调驱现场试验,注水井油压上升了2.9MPa,对应一线油井见效高峰期含水率下降了5.6%,单井平均增产原油5t/d.表明交联聚合物微球深部调驱是改善注水剖面和降低油井含水率的有效方法. 相似文献
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The preparation methods of hollow polymer microspheres both at home and abroad are summarized, and their preparation mechanisms and developmental states are presented. These methods include the liquid droplet method, dried-gel droplet method, self-assembly method, microencapsulation method, emulsion polymerization method and the template method. Hollow polystyrene microspheres are the most extensively studied in the research of hollow polymer microspheres. Through comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods, it is concluded that microencapsulation method is most suitable for preparing polystyrene hollow microspheres. 相似文献
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乳液聚合制备聚合物纳米微球的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
聚合物纳米微球作为一种功能高分子材料,在诸多领域有着广泛的应用前景。随着乳液聚合新技术的发展,利用乳液聚合制备聚合物纳米微球的报道不断增多。综述了近年来国内外采用乳液聚合制备聚合物纳米微球的研究进展,主要包括无皂乳液聚合、种子乳液聚合、辐射乳液聚合、分散聚合、微乳液聚合、细乳液聚合和活性自由基乳液聚合,并对乳液聚合制备聚合物纳米微球的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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In this paper, cationic polyacrylamide microspheres (CPAM) were synthesized using acrylamide (AM) and methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (TMAEMC) as monomers, ammonium sulfate as dispersant, poly(acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) (PAETAC) as dispersion stabilizer, and ammonium persulfate as initiator. The synthetic method was dispersion polymerization. The effects of monomer ratio (AM/TMAEMC), dispersant concentration, and dispersion stabilizer dosage on dispersion polymerization were systematically studied to determine the optimal preparation conditions. The structure and viscosity of the synthesized polymer were characterized by FTIR and capillary viscometry, respectively, and the particle sizes and distribution of the polymer microspheres were characterized by microscopy and dynamic light scattering, respectively. Finally, flow tests were conducted to measure the permeability reduction performance of the microspheres at various concentrations in sand packs with different permeability. Results show that CPAM emulsion of a solids content of 1 wt% has excellent performance in low-to-medium permeability formations (〈 1,000 mD), and the efficiency may reach above 90%. 相似文献
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新颖、独特的聚烯烃合成方法新进展(上) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
聚烯烃产品的全球产量目前已占热塑性塑料全球总产量的一半,但由于聚烯烃产品的结构中缺乏功能性基团,且用传统的配位聚合方法又难于引入极性基团,因此聚烯烃的应用领域仍受到一定限制。回顾并阐述了近年来出现的不少全新的烯烃聚合物的合成方法,包括:非环二烯易位聚合、碳烯聚合、催化链增长反应、点击反应和不用烷基铝的配位聚合的聚合方法及其反应原理。 相似文献
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Wan-Li Kang Lei-Lei Hu Xiang-Feng Zhang Run-Mei Yang Hai-Ming Fan Jie Geng 《石油科学(英文版)》2015,12(3):483-491
Polyacrylamide microspheres have been successfully
used to reduce water production in reservoirs, but
it is impossible to distinguish polyacrylamide microspheres
from polyacrylamide that is used to enhance oil recovery
and is already present in production fluids. In order to
detect polyacrylamide microspheres in the reservoir produced
fluid, fluorescent polyacrylamide microspheres
P(AM-BA-AMCO), which fluoresce under ultraviolet
irradiation, were synthesized via an inverse suspension
polymerization. In order to keep the particle size distribution
in a narrow range, the synthesis conditions of the
polymerization were studied, including the stirring speed
and the concentrations of initiator, Na2CO3, and dispersant.
The bonding characteristics of microspheres were determined
by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The
surface morphology of these microspheres was observed
under ultraviolet irradiation with an inverse fluorescence
microscope. A laboratory evaluation test showed that the
fluorescent polymer microspheres had good water swelling
capability, thus they had the ability to plug and migrate in a
sand pack. The plugging rate was 99.8 % and the residual
resistance coefficient was 800 after microsphere treatment
in the sand pack. Furthermore, the fluorescent microspheres
and their fragments were accurately detected under ultraviolet
irradiation in the produced fluid, even though they
had experienced extrusion and deformation in the sand
pack. 相似文献
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综述了制备聚丙烯酰胺微球主要采用的反相乳液法、反相微乳液法、分散聚合法、沉淀聚合法、反相悬浮聚合法等制备工艺的发展历史和研究现状,简要概述了各种方法的优缺点、微球的性能及特点,试图建立制备工艺对最终微球性能的影响规律,展望了聚合工艺的改进及微球功能化的前景。 相似文献
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介绍了聚亚烷基二醇(PAG)的主要特性和在润滑油中的应用情况。对PAG的发展历史、制备方法及其反应机理研究现状进行了简要总结。重点介绍了目前制备PAG的几种聚合方法,包括阳离子聚合、阴离子聚合、配位聚合,并对每种聚合方法的机理、特点及催化剂的研究现状进行了总结。 相似文献
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以乙二醇单苯醚(EGP)和甲醛为单体、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为稳定剂、浓H2SO4为催化剂,经分散聚合合成了EGP-甲醛酚醛树脂(EGP-FA)聚合物微球,研究了PVA用量、甲醛与EGP配比、聚合温度、浓H2SO4用量和搅拌转速对聚合物微球粒径及其分布、产率的影响。实验结果表明,EGP-FA聚合物微球的平均粒径随PVA和浓H2SO4用量的增加、搅拌转速的加快和聚合温度的升高而减小,随n(甲醛)∶n(EGP)的增大先增大后减小。在适宜反应条件(n(甲醛)∶n(EGP)=2.00、w(PVA)=4.5%(基于甲醛和EGP的总质量)、w(H2SO4)=14.10%(基于甲醛和EGP的总质量)、聚合温度70℃、搅拌转速700 r/min)下制备的EGP-FA聚合物微球的平均粒径为384.16μm,粒径分布1.216,产率45.8%。 相似文献