AISI403马氏体不锈钢的热变形特性研究

采用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对AISI403马氏体不锈钢进行高温热压缩实验,结合金相组织观察,对其流变应力进行了研究。结果表明:403钢在950～1150℃,应变速率为0.01～0.1s-1的条件下,发生了较明显的动态再结晶;利用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲对数函数能较好地描述403钢的流变行为;经回归得到了403钢峰值应力σP的表达式和热变形激活能Q值;通过热加工图的建立获得最佳热变形条件及预测流变失稳区。     

离子能流密度对AISI304不锈钢氮化层摩擦性能的影响

采用低温等离子体氮化技术,对AISI304不锈钢进行表面氮化处理。考察了离子能流密度对不锈钢氮化层性能的影响。运用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和显微硬度计等分析手段对氮化层的物相组成及表面硬度进行分析及测量;利用球-盘摩擦实验在干摩擦条件下对氮化层的摩擦磨损性能进行测试。结果表明:AISI304不锈钢经低温等离子体氮化处理后,形成单一高氮面心立方相γN。在氮化处理过程中,离子能流密度受工作压力及基片负偏压影响较大。离子能流密度变化能显著影响不锈钢氮化层的摩擦性能,随着离子能流密度的增加,氮化层显微硬度增大,摩擦系数减小,耐磨损性能上升。     

不锈钢冷加工形变诱发马氏体相变及其腐蚀行为

在实验室和现场对经过不同温度,不同方式,不同程度冷加工的奥氏体304不锈钢进行马氏体相变量的检测,研究了冷加工与马氏体相变的关系。通过浸泡试验和金相显微镜研究了304不锈钢在腐蚀过程中马氏体含量的变化。结果表明,冷加工能产生不同程度的马氏体相变;在腐蚀过程中,马氏体相存在优先溶解。     

疲劳强度和冲击强度均好的马氏体不锈钢

瑞典山特维克钢铁公司开发出AISI420的一个改良品种,这种不锈钢带材疲劳强度提高了10％,冲击强度提高了25％。称为Hiflex的这种带材韧性好,与最好的同类材料相比,弯曲疲劳强度也提高了10％。     

激光冲击处理对AISI304钨极氩弧焊接接头残余应力的影响

利用激光冲击波对AISI304不锈钢氩弧焊接接头进行了表面强化处理,用X-350A型X射线应力仪测定了其激光冲击处理后残余应力,分析了残余应力的产生机理.结果表明,激光冲击处理后AISI304焊接接头残余应力为110MPa左右,其强化效果十分明显,显著地降低了焊接接头残余拉应力,并使残余应力分布趋向均匀.     

304不锈钢在ECAP过程中形变诱发马氏体的定量计算

利用X射线衍射对经ECAP挤压及退火处理后的304奥氏体不锈钢进行了物相标定及各物相含量的定量计算.结果表明,经ECAP挤压后,不锈钢内明显形成α'和ε两种形变诱发马氏体,且α'马氏体含量高于ε马氏体含量.挤压后的不锈钢经退火处理后,α'马氏体含量显著下降,ε马氏体含量相对增加.奥氏体含量在第一道次挤压后明显下降,以后道次的挤压和退火处理对其影响较小.     

氩离子辐照304奥氏体不锈钢的微观结构状态研究

本文通过氩离子辐照核用304奥氏体不锈钢(AISI 304L),以深入理解其辐照损伤机制。辐照在室温下进行,选用能量为120 keV的氩离子对样品分别进行1×10¹⁶cm^-2和2×10¹⁶cm^-2剂量的辐照。并以透射电子显微镜(Transmission electron microscopy,TEM)为主要分析手段,重点研究辐照后AISI 304L奥氏体不锈钢中的微观结构变化。研究表明:氩离子辐照后,AISI 304L样品中产生了尺寸较小的辐照空洞、位错、黑斑和堆垛层错四面体(SFT)等缺陷,及尺寸较大的位错环等缺陷团簇。随着辐照剂量的增加,位错环和孔洞的尺寸呈长大趋势。此外,退火残留孪晶等变形结构会成为捕获间隙原子的缺陷阱,造成区域空位浓度升高的同时导致孪晶界处缺陷团簇的密集析出。     

激光快速成形304不锈钢性能及微观组织研究

目的 满足实际生产需求,提高304不锈钢的抗拉强度。方法 在304不锈钢粉末中添加不同质量分数的Ni60AA粉末,采用激光束对粉末进行快速成形,得到不同的试样。通过金相显微镜对不锈钢试样的显微组织进行观察,利用拉力试验机对试样进行抗拉强度测试。结果 随着添加Ni60AA粉末含量的增加,板材试样的抗拉强度呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,当Ni60AA粉末的质量分数为10%时,试样抗拉强度最大,为754~771MPa。结论 添加Ni60AA粉末后,激光快速成形的304不锈钢板材试样微观组织中有部分镍化合物析出,形成强化相,304不锈钢试样的抗拉强度得到很大提高。     

SUS304不锈钢三通裂纹产生原因分析

某电厂氨气输送管道上的SUS304不锈钢三通多次出现裂纹,通过宏观观察、渗透检测、化学成分分析、硬度测试、力学性能测试、金相检验等方法,分析了该三通裂纹产生的原因。结果表明:由于三通成型后没有进行规范的固溶热处理,导致显微组织中存在较多的形变马氏体和弥散分布的碳化物,增加了材料的硬度和脆性,加之三通成型内应力没有充分释放,三通在应力最大的肩部产生了裂纹。     

Continuous Drive Friction Welding Studies on AISI 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds

An attempt has been made to study the friction welding characteristics of an austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 employing a continuous drive friction welding machine. The central region in some of the welds exhibited abnormal grain growth. Optimization studies revealed that the optimum parameters depend on the property of interest. In general, friction welds exhibited lower notch tensile strength and impact toughness than the parent metal due to aligned microstructure features. An inverse relationship has been observed between notch tensile strength and impact toughness.     

Ag/Cu共渗不锈钢表面的微观结构及抗菌性能研究

以银铜合金为靶材,利用辉光等离子体在AISI304不锈钢表面同时渗入银和铜,制备性能优良的抗菌不锈钢。对渗层的形貌、化学组成、耐蚀性能和抗菌性能进行了研究,结果表明,所得渗层在不锈钢表面分布均匀,Ag/Cu元素质量比为4.9∶3;不锈钢表面渗层腐蚀电位由-0.103V提高到0.07V,自腐蚀电流密度从1.66×10-7A/cm2降至5.813×10-9A/cm2,耐腐蚀性能有所提高;渗层对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率均达100%。     

SUS304不锈钢/Q345R碳钢爆炸焊接工艺参数研究

针对实际生产中在爆炸焊接窗口内取值时因为所取参数不同而导致生产的复合板结合强度差异较大这一现状,通过对SUS304不锈钢／Q345R碳钢爆炸焊接窗口内不同工艺条件得到的复合板进行剪切强度测试及金相分析,得到界面结合强度与界面波形的关系以及两者随工艺参数的变化规律,找到窗口内最佳的工艺参数,以提高爆炸焊接复合板质量以及生产效益。研究表明：界面波形的波长和振幅随着装药量的增加而增大,随基复板间距的增加先增大后减小。爆炸焊接窗口内最佳工艺参数取值范围与复板厚度有关。复板为薄板（3mm）时,取得最佳结合强度时界面波形波长为1250μm左右,振幅为200μm左右,对应的最佳装药质量比为1．02,基复板间距为8mm,取值比理论最佳值偏高;复板为厚板（6mm）时,取得最佳结合强度时界面波形波长为900岫,左右,振幅为100μm左右,对应的最佳装药质量比为0．45,基复板间距为14mm,取值靠近下限。当界面波长与振幅相同时,复板为薄板的结合强度要高于厚板。     

氮势对奥氏体不锈钢离子渗氮性能的影响

对AIS1304奥氏体不锈钢进行了不同氮势的离子渗氮,利用金相显微镜、轮廓仪、摩擦磨损试验机、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计测试了经渗氮处理后试样改性层的截面形貌、微观结构、相组成和力学性能,并与未渗氮的试样进行了比较。结果表明：随着氮势的增加,试样表面的渗层深度、磨损程度、显微硬度呈规律性变化;X射线衍射分析表明：低氮势容易形成S相,高氮势有利于氮化物的形成。     

Internal Friction and Elastic Study on Surface Nanocrystallized 304 Stainless Steel Induced by High—energy Shot Peening

The 304 stainless steel with nanostructured surface layer was successfully obtained by using the high-energy shot peening(HESP) method.The internal friction and Young‘s modulus of this kind of surface nanocrystallized material were dynamically measured by means of the vibrating reed apparatus.The results implied that different treatment time could induce different microstructure and distribution characteristic of defects in this kind of materials.It is also demonstrated that there is a transition layer between the nano-layern on surface and the coarse grain region inside.The transition layer obviously has certain influence on the overall mechanical properties.     

Measurement of the Thermal Conductivity of Stainless Steel AISI 304L Up to 550 K

New measurements of the thermal conductivity of stainless steel AISI 304L over the temperature range 300 to 550 K are reported. To perform the measurements, the transient hot-wire technique was employed, with a new wire sensor. The sensor makes use of a soft silicone paste material and of two thin polyimide films, between the hot wires of the apparatus and the stainless steel specimen. The transient temperature rise of the wire sensor is measured in response to an electrical heating step over a period of 40 s to 2 s, allowing an absolute determination of the thermal conductivity of the solid, as well as of the polyimide film and the silicone paste. The method is based on a full theoretical model with equations solved by a two-dimensional finite-element method applied to the exact geometry. At the 95% confidence level, the standard deviation of the thermal conductivity measurements is 0.6%, while the standard uncertainty of the technique is less than 1.5%.     

爆炸焊接不锈钢─钢复合板

通过改善爆炸焊接中、大面积、大厚度的不锈钢─钢复合板的工艺参数，对如何获得高质量的不锈钢─钢复合板作了深入探讨。各项金相、机械性能检验表明，方案具有较高的实用价值。     

Ductile Fracture Study of Stainless Steel AISI 304L Thin Sheets Using the EWF Method and Cohesive Zone Modeling

The purpose of this study is to model the ductile fracture phenomenon using experimental and numerical methods. The stainless steel AISI 304L thin sheets are studied including two thicknesses (0.8 and 1.5 mm). A mechanical characterization is firstly done in order to obtain the main mechanical properties useful for the numerical modeling. In order to determine the essential work of fracture (EWF), DENT specimens are used involving the two thicknesses. The results obtained in terms of EWF for the two thicknesses are close; we find that the essential work of fracture can be considered as an intrinsic criterion for thin sheets. A cohesive zone modeling (CZM) is used in the present study; the model is represented by a traction–separation law (TS). The cohesive elements are implemented in the finite element model, and the material parameters of the model are determined by the mechanical and fracture characterizations. A satisfactory reproduction of the experimental tests is obtained. A good correlation is also obtained between the essential work of fracture determined experimentally and the work of separation used as cohesive zone model parameter.     

Study of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for AISI321 Stainless Steel

In recent years, magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) has become a reliable unconventional technology among researchers in industries due to need for the surface roughness reduction in metals. In this study, experiments based on influential parameters in the MAF process including rotational speed, working gap, and abrasive particle size were designed and conducted in the full factorial method in order to achieve the optimum parameters in finishing of steel AISI 321. A combination of silicon carbide (SiC), iron (Fe), and oil (SAE40) was utilized as magnetic abrasive tool. Prior to the experiments, the surface of the workpiece was abraded to the lowest value of roughness in order to obtain accurate results through the procedure. In general, the results indicate that the parameters of working gap, rotational speed, and abrasive particle size influence the surface roughness from the most to the least, respectively. Indeed, the minimum surface roughness is obtained through working gap of 1 mm, workpiece rotational speed of 500 rpm, and abrasive particle size of 100 mesh, with 50% improvement compared with initial surface roughness. Finally, the more involved parameters deviate from optimum values, the worse results are obtained compared with optimum acquired consequences.