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1.
徐博  郝芮  王超  张勋  张娇 《光学精密工程》2017,25(9):2508-2515
针对水下潜航器惯导系统的定位误差积累和容错性差等问题,分析了水声超短基线的相位差定位方法,推导了基于惯导提供实时位置、姿态误差角信息的惯导/超短基线(INS/USBL)导航解算过程及其坐标转换。结合惯导/多普勒测速(INS/DVL)滤波器,给出INS/USBL/DVL组合导航联邦滤波在3种信息融合算法下的应用。通过MATLAB仿真对导航算法进行了验证,结果表明该导航算法能够抑制惯导系统误差随时间发散的问题,能充分利用了3种导航系统提供的参数信息,且状态维数低,滤波收敛速度快,其中基于精度因子信息分配方法的导航系统误差最小。容错性验证结果显示,当超短基线出现故障时,重构后的组合导航系统在较高航速情况下依旧能提供有效的导航参数。所提出的INS/USBL/DVL组合导航联邦滤波方法能够精确地提供水下潜航器的各位导航参数信息,且具有较高的容错性和稳定性。  相似文献   

2.
针对组合导航系统中联邦滤波信息融合算法在滤波精度和容错性能等方面存在的不足,提出了一种基于以捷联惯导系统(SINS)为公共主系统,全球定位系统(GPS)和多普勒测速系统(DVL)为辅助子系统的改进联邦滤波算法的组合导航系统。介绍了卡尔曼滤波原理与信息融合算法的特点,基于联邦滤波器的组合形式详细阐述了联邦滤波器设计步骤,将改进量测噪声协方差阵的自适应联邦滤波器应用到SINS/GPS/DVL组合导航系统中,并对此系统进行了MATLAB仿真。仿真结果表明,相较于标准联邦滤波器算法,该文设计的基于改进量测噪声协方差阵的自适应联邦滤波器能明显提高组合导航系统的滤波精度和可靠性。  相似文献   

3.
徐元  陈熙源 《仪器仪表学报》2016,37(9):2115-2121
为了提高室内行人组合导航系统的精度和灵活性,提出了一种Range-only超宽带(UWB)/惯性导航系统(INS)紧组合导航方法。该方法将锚点的位置信息引入到系统状态变量中并通过数据融合滤波器进行预估,以克服传统UWB/INS紧组合导航模型中需要预先获取锚点位置信息的缺点,减少锚点位置信息精度对组合导航系统的影响。在此基础上,利用迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波(IEKF)来完成组合导航系统的数据融合滤波,以提高对目标行人导航信息的预估精度。实验结果显示,所提方法的平均绝对位置误差与传统UWB/INS紧组合方法相比降低了11.69%,算法对锚点位置信息的依赖程度也显著降低。  相似文献   

4.
无人机应用于电力巡线时,高压电力故障导致的异常放电可能会产生复杂而且强大的电磁场,会严重影响GPS的信号质量和定位精度,影响无人机的正常导航,因此必需考虑电磁环境对GPS信号和无人机导航性能的影响。提出一种根据GPS数据可信度进行加权的自适应卡尔曼滤波导航算法,通过GPS和内部导航系统(INS)的数据偏差幅度反映GPS数据可信度,利用模糊逻辑算法计算加权值,分配GPS在组合导航中的权重,研发出一种结合GPS和INS的模糊组合导航方法。仿真和实验结果显示,该算法在GPS数据受电磁干扰失真的情况下,调整GPS数据在组合导航中的权重,使组合导航输出的位置和速度误差控制在可行范围内,保证了组合导航的精度。  相似文献   

5.
基于联邦滤波的智能车辆多传感器组合导航的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为满足复杂环境下自主驾驶智能车辆的高可靠性导航要求,对智能车辆的多传感器组合导航进行了研究。提出了一种基于自适应联邦卡尔曼滤波的智能车辆SINS/CP—DGPS/双向光电测速仪组合导航方法,根据联邦滤波的分散滤波结构,分别建立了各滤波器的模型,进行了仿真试验验证。结果表明,该组合导航系统能为智能车辆提供丰富的导航信息,具有100Hz的高频输出、厘米级的导航精度和较强的容错能力,便于实现对发生故障的传感器的隔离。当GPS较长时间中断时,组合系统通过SINS/光电测速仪所构成的局部滤波器的辅助仍能为智能车辆提供可靠的导航数据。  相似文献   

6.
针对多无人机系统在复杂环境下卫星信号易受到干扰的问题,提出了一种基于环路和积算法的协同导航方法。根据传感器的特点,设计了基于GNSS/INS紧组合的绝对导航和UWB辅助的卫星双差紧组合相对导航,然后使用各个平台自身的绝对导航信息和平台间的相对导航信息,构建协同导航滤波器,基于环路和积算法,设计了消息传递规则,减少了平台间的流量,计算任务在各个平台上分布运行,减小了计算压力。最后对不同复杂场景进行了仿真和物理实验,结果表明该方案的协同导航精度明显优于不进行协同导航的结果,且随着可观测信息的增多,该方法导航精度越来越高。  相似文献   

7.
基于改进卡尔曼滤波在车辆组合导航中的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对车辆在长时间行驶的状态中,组合导航经常会出现滤波精度不高的问题,提出一种采用遗传算法对卡尔曼滤波器进行在线调节的自适应数据融合方法,根据位置误差系数和卡尔曼滤波器的新息统计信息,实时调整参数值,将卡尔曼滤波器调整到运行过程中的最优状态。通过MATLAB软件对该方法进行仿真试验,模拟INS/GPS组合导航系统运行情况,表明这种方法和传统卡尔曼滤波算法相比较导航精度明显提高。  相似文献   

8.
为满足复杂环境下自主驾驶智能车辆的高可靠性导航要求,对智能车辆的多传感器组合导航进行了研究。提出了一种基于自适应联邦卡尔曼滤波的智能车辆SINS/CP-DGPS/双向光电测速仪组合导航方法,根据联邦滤波的分散滤波结构,分别建立了各滤波器的模型,进行了仿真试验验证。结果表明,该组合导航系统能为智能车辆提供丰富的导航信息,具有100Hz的高频输出、厘米级的导航精度和较强的容错能力,便于实现对发生故障的传感器的隔离。当GPS较长时间中断时,组合系统通过SINS/光电测速仪所构成的局部滤波器的辅助仍能为智能车辆提供可靠的导航数据。



  相似文献   

9.
提出了多传感器信息融合的列车定位方法.介绍了多传感器信息融合结构及联邦卡尔曼滤波算法模型.对INS/GPS/DVS组合导航进行了Matlab仿真,结果表明,多传感器信息融合的列车定位方法能提高列车的定位精度和可靠度,更适合于城市轨道交通中的列车定位.  相似文献   

10.
惯性/卫星组合导航系统结合精密单点定位技术可有效提高导航定位精度。但精密单点定位技术一般需采用双频接收机,成本较高;同时该系统中采用载波相位作为部分或全部观测量,极容易受到周跳的影响而导致精度下降和系统不稳定。针对上述问题,设计了一种惯性/卫星精密定位紧组合导航系统以及基于动态周跳补偿的鲁棒滤波算法。该系统采用低成本的单频接收机(SFGPS),以精密单点定位技术(PPP)处理过的伪距和载波相位作为观测信息,与惯性导航系统(INS)等效观测量进行紧组合,建立了相应紧组合观测模型并引入周跳作为信息融合滤波状态模型中的状态量,以滤波器信息构建周跳检测统计量并对周跳幅值进行识别和估计,实时补偿观测量以提高观测信息精度,同时以前述周跳估计的结果对状态模型中周跳状态量部分滤波参数进行实时调节。上述方法通过动态补偿周跳误差提高导航精度,通过滤波器参数自适应调节提高滤波稳定性。仿真结果验证了该系统模型及算法的有效性。  相似文献   

11.
An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...  相似文献   

12.
The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.  相似文献   

13.
Giannuzzi LA  Utlaut M 《Ultramicroscopy》2011,111(11):1564-1573
30 keV Ga+ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z2, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z2. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z2, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.  相似文献   

14.
This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...  相似文献   

15.
分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.  相似文献   

16.
The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...  相似文献   

17.
The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....  相似文献   

18.
针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。  相似文献   

19.
Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.  相似文献   

20.
A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.  相似文献   

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