Post-transplant proteinuria associated with everolimus: Definition of main features with proteomics

Little is known on both the composition and mechanism(s) of proteinuria associated with the use of mTOR inhibitors, in particular of Everolimus (E). We characterized urinary proteins utilizing an integrated proteomics approach (quantitative essays, 2‐DE, MALDI‐TOF, Western blot) in 48 renal transplant recipients who were alternatively treated with E (n = 31) or with enteric coated mycophenolic acid (EC‐MPA) (n = 17). Twelve E patients (39%) developed high (>3 g/day) or intermediate proteinuria (1–3 g) compared to four (23%) of the EC‐MPA group. Urinary proteins (p<0.001), β2 microglobulin (p<0.001) and α1microglobulin (p<0.025) were higher in E than in EC‐MPA, appeared more rapidly and were inversely correlated with the day of treatment. Proteomics showed a marked increase of all urinary components in E and EC‐MPA patients, major changes involving typical components of glomerular damage (albumin, α1‐Zn glycoprotein, α2HS glycoprotein, leucin‐richα2‐glycoprotein) and specific bio‐markers for E (clusters of α1‐antitrypsin fragments and monoclonal λ chains). Finally, inter‐α‐trypsin‐inhibitor heavy chain H4 precursor was decreased in E and EC‐MPA urine compared to normal urine. In conclusion, E induced massive and generalized proteinuria of mixed glomerular and tubular origin that was correlated with the start of treatment and reached a nephrotic range in few cases. Specific urinary markers reflect renal alterations related to the transplant or specific alterations associated with the drug.     

关于服务器冗余容错方案的研究

随着计算机应用的深入发展,网络服务器上数据的损坏或丢失将会产生严重后果,尤其在对数据可用性、有效性和网络持续工作能力要求较高的领域,更为引人注目,该文详细分析和讨论了几种系统级容错──服务器冗余容错方案。     

Interactions due to body forces in generalized thermo-elasticity III

The generalized thermo-elasticity theory III is employed to study thermo-elastic interactions in a homogeneous isotropic unbounded solid due to distributed continuous and instantaneous body forces. The solutions are derived by using a Laplace transform on time and then a Fourier transform on space. It is found that the interactions consist of a wave part traveling with the speed of the dilatational wave and a diffusive part. For continuous body forces, both temperature and deformation are continuous at the elastic dilatational wave front, while the stress suffers finite discontinuity at this location. For instantaneous body forces, both deformation and temperature suffer finite discontinuities at the elastic wave front, while stress exhibits delta function discontinuity resulting from the Dirac delta function at this location. All the fields suffer exponential attenuation at the elastic wave front and the attenuation is influenced by thermo-elastic coupling and thermal diffusivity of the medium. The results achieved in the present analysis are compared to those obtained by using generalized thermo-elasticity theory II without energy dissipation and other generalized theories. Lastly, numerical results applicable to a copper-like material are presented in order to illustrate the analytical result.     

IEEE 802.16e节能类型III的性能分析

基于IEEE 802.16e节能类型III的工作原理,考虑用户触发数据的无后效性,建立一个带有多重休假的Geom/G/1排队模型。利用嵌入式马尔可夫链方法推导出该排队系统的稳态指标,相应给出数据帧平均响应时间、能量节省率等性能指标的表达式。构造一个综合考虑能量节省与系统响应时间的成本函数,通过数值例子说明系统性能指标对休眠窗口长度的依赖关系,给出不同负载下休眠窗口长度的最优值。     

Cybercrime: Legal Standards Governing the Collection of Digital Evidence

The prosecution of cybercriminals depends upon the collection of digital evidence. In the United States, a complicated system of constitutional and statutory provisions govern what law enforcement officers can, and cannot, do in collecting digital evidence, either by intercepting communications in transmission or by acquiring data stored on computers, computer servers or other storage media. This article reviews the constraints imposed by the Fourth Amendment and then surveys the complex array of statutory provisions that have arisen to supplement the protections it provides.     

Polypyrrole functionalized with FePcTSA for NO2 sensor application

The nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) sensing capability of polypyrrole (PPy) was enhanced dramatically after functionalized with iron(III)phthalocyanine-4,4′,4″,4-tetrasulfonic acid monosodium salt (FePcTSA). The incorporated phthalocyanine was confirmed by different characterization techniques such as UV–vis spectroscopy, FTIR, GFAAS, EDAX, etc. The resistance of the functionalized PPy decreased spontaneously during exposure to NO₂ gas at room temperature. This material exhibited excellent stability, reversibility, and reproducibility. The lowest response time (t₅₀) thus obtained is 47 s with a highest response factor (ΔR/R₀ × 100) of 50.25.     

测试算法的征兆误判和混淆问题及解决方法

测试时间和故障诊断能力是用来评价边界扫描测试生成算法优劣的两大关键要素,而影响测试向量集对所有故障进行准确定位的原因主要是由于存在两类问题:征兆误判问题和征兆混淆问题,而征兆误判问题对故障诊断准确性的影响更大。论文分析了测试向量生成中的征兆误判和征兆混淆现象,结合现有的测试向量生成算法,提出了三种消除征兆误判和征兆混淆现象的解决方法:(1)本身具有抗误判和抗混淆现象的测试生成算法;(2)采用自适应测试生成算法有针对性地消除征兆误判和混淆现象;(3)在测试生成算法中应用神经网络技术消除征兆误判和征兆混淆现象。     

Electrochemically-switchable emission and absorption by using luminescent Lanthanide(III) complex and electrochromic molecule toward novel display device with dual emissive and reflective mode

Electroswitching of emission and coloration was achieved by a combination of a luminescent Eu(III) complex and an electrochromic molecule of diheptyl viologen (HV²⁺), indicating that the complex-molecule combination could be used as a display material with dual emissive and reflective modes. The coloration of the material was associated with the electrochromism of HV²⁺. Emission control was found to be possible due to the electrochromism of HV²⁺ via intermolecular energy transfer from the excited state of the Eu(III) ion to the reduced state of HV⁺. By using this mechanism, dual emissive and reflective representation of numerical characters were demonstrated.     

Fabrication of a highly selective Eu(III) membrane sensor based on a new S–N hexadentates Schiff''s base

A novel potentiometric membrane Eu (III) ion sensor is described based on a new S–N hexadentates Schiff's base, bis(thiophenol)butane2,3-dihydrazone (SNSB). The sensor exhibited a Nernstian response over a concentration range of 1.0 × 10⁻⁵ to 1.0 × 10⁻² M, with a detection limit of 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ M. The best performance was achieved with a membrane composition of 30% PVC, 63% o-nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE), 5% SNSB, and 5% (0.010 mmol) potassium tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB). It was found that in the pH range of 3.0–8.5, the potential response of the sensor was not affected by the pH. Furthermore, the electrode presented satisfactory reproducibility, very fast response time (<5 s), and relatively good discriminating ability for Eu(III) ions with respect to many common cations and lanthanide ions, including sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc, lead, lanthanum, cerium, gadolinium, samarium, ytterbium, presidium, terbium, neodymium, holmium, erbium, thulium, lutetium, dysprosium, iron and chromium metal ions. The sensor was applied to the determination of fluoride ions in two mouth wash preparations and binary mixtures.     

神光III控制系统的故障建模与分析

应用混合随机Petri网对神光III控制系统的故障进行了建模,并应用Visobj Net对建立的故障模型进行了仿真分析。网络化控制系统是一个离散和连续相结合的混合动态系统,具有动态、并发及同步等特征;神光III控制系统就是网络化控制技术在武器装备上的一个典型应用;对于复杂系统的建模和分析,Petri网是一个非常有效的工具。Petri网已经被证明是离散事件或异步系统很好的建模和分析工具,混合随机Petri网是Petri网的一个扩展,具有强大的建模功能。仿真结果表明,所建立的模型是正确的。     

M-estimator with asymmetric influence function for estimating the Burr type III parameters with outliers

The Burr type III distribution allows for a wider region for the skewness and kurtosis plane, which covers several distributions including the log-logistic, and the Weibull and Burr type XII distributions. However, outliers may occur in the data set. The robust regression method such as an M-estimator with symmetric influence function has been successfully used to diminish the effect of outliers on statistical inference. However, when the data distribution is asymmetric, these methods yield biased estimators. We present an M-estimator with asymmetric influence function (AM-estimator) based on the quantile function of the Burr type III distribution to estimate the parameters for complete data with outliers. The simulation results show that the M-estimator with asymmetric influence function generally outperforms the maximum likelihood and traditional M-estimator methods in terms of the bias and root mean square errors. One real example is used to demonstrate the performance of our proposed method.     

Studies on a surface acoustic wave (SAW) dosimeter sensor for organophosphorous nerve agents

As a follow-up of previous work on a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensor for nerve agents, irreversible response effects have been studied in more detail. Surface analytical studies indicated that degradation products are responsible for the effects observed. In addition it was tried to explore these effects for the development of a nerve agent dosimeter. Experiments were conducted to test the performance of a SAW sensor coated with La(III) 2-bis(carboxymethyl)amino hexadecanoic acid. The experiments revealed that many improvements must be made especially with respect to sensitivity and linear response behaviour.     

μC／OS—III为缩短中断关闭时间作出的改进

本文介绍了实时内核的中断机制,研究了μC／OS-III为缩短中断关闭时间做出的改进。通过对比μc／OS—II以及μC／OS—III的中断管理办法,分析μC／OS—III在哪些方面作出了改进。这些改进使得μC／OS—III的实时性能得到显著提升,使得μC／OS—III的中断关闭时间大大缩短。     

犹豫模糊语言后悔理论和ELECTRE决策方法及应用

针对决策信息为犹豫模糊语言元素形式、属性权重完全未知的多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于后悔理论和ELECTRE III的多属性决策方法。利用灰色关联分析和极大熵原理确定属性权重。确定犹豫模糊语言信息的后悔-欣喜函数,凭借该函数确定方案对的后悔-欣喜和谐指数与不和谐指数,进而确定方案对的可信度指数。通过方案对的可信度指数确定各方案的净可信度,依此对方案进行排序。通过算例说明了所提方法的可行性和有效性。由于该方法同时考虑了决策者的心理行为和属性间的部分可补偿性,因此决策结果更加贴近现实且更为合理。对后悔规避系数[μ]的灵敏度分析表明了所提方法的稳定性,与其他两种方法的对比分析展示了所提方法的优势。