Si-Sb-Te materials for phase change memory applications

Si-Sb-Te materials including Te-rich Si?Sb?Te? and Si(x)Sb?Te? with different Si contents have been systemically studied with the aim of finding the most suitable Si-Sb-Te composition for phase change random access memory (PCRAM) use. Si(x)Sb?Te? shows better thermal stability than Ge?Sb?Te? or Si?Sb?Te? in that Si(x)Sb?Te? does not have serious Te separation under high annealing temperature. As Si content increases, the data retention ability of Si(x)Sb?Te? improves. The 10 years retention temperature for Si?Sb?Te? film is ~393 K, which meets the long-term data storage requirements of automotive electronics. In addition, Si richer Si(x)Sb?Te? films also show improvement on thickness change upon annealing and adhesion on SiO? substrate compared to those of Ge?Sb?Te? or Si?Sb?Te? films. However, the electrical performance of PCRAM cells based on Si(x)Sb?Te? films with x > 3.5 becomes worse in terms of stable and long-term operations. Si(x)Sb?Te? materials with 3 < x < 3.5 are proved to be suitable for PCRAM use to ensure good overall performance.     

相变储能技术在建筑节能领域的应用研究

综述了适用于建筑结构的相变材料的种类以及实现工艺和使用中应注意的一些问题,并展望了相变储能技术在建筑节能领域的应用前景.     

Integrating phase change materials into concrete through microencapsulation using cenospheres

Phase change materials (PCMs) can enhance the building energy efficiency through thermal energy storage and thermal regulation. Microencapsulated PCMs (MEPCMs) provide a better utilization of PCMs with building materials. This study proposes a novel method to encapsulate PCMs into cenospheres which are hollow fly ash particles generated in coal burning power plants with size ranging from a few micrometers to hundreds of micrometers. The shell of the cenosphere inherently has some small pores which are sealed by a thin layer of glass-crystalline film. By removing this film through chemical etching, these holes can be exposed, providing paths for PCMs moving into the internal void of cenospheres. A thin layer of silica is coated on the PCM loaded cenospheres to prevent the possible leakage of liquid PCMs. The produced PCM microcapsules are referred to as CenoPCM, which can be directly added into traditional construction and building materials such as concrete to produce thermally active concrete. Prototype thermally active cement mortar integrated with the produced CenoPCM capsules have also been manufactured and characterized for its mechanical and microstructural properties. The characterizations showed that there was only minor reduction in strength and the mortar remained strong enough for building application. From this work, it is found that the produced CenoPCM capsules have great potential to be added into construction materials for reducing energy consumptions in buildings.     

Incorporating phase change materials in concrete pavement to melt snow and ice

This paper discusses the use of phase change materials (PCM) in concrete pavement as a method to store energy which can be used as a heat source during cooling events to melt ice/snow. The experimental program includes: (1) use of low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry to evaluate thermal properties of PCM, and (2) use of large-scale concrete slabs containing PCM to evaluate the ability of the PCM concrete to melt snow on the surface of the concrete pavement. The temperature in the concrete slabs and the snow melting rate were monitored as quantitative measurements of the efficiency of the PCM in the concrete. In addition, time-lapse images were taken. Two approaches were used to incorporate PCM in concrete: placing the PCM in lightweight aggregate (LWA) which was then mixed into the concrete, and placing the PCM in embedded metal pipes embedded in the slab during concrete casting. In this study, paraffin oil was use as a PCM that is effective in releasing heat near the freezing temperature of PCM when the PCM undergoes a phase transformation from liquid to solid. The heat released during the phase transformation can melt ice and snow on the concrete pavement surface. The results indicate that incorporating PCM in concrete pavement is not only feasible, but also practical.     

矿物复合相变储能功能材料研究进展及应用

概述了相变材料的分类及各类相变材料的性能,介绍了相变储能功能材料的研究进展和应用领域,展望了相变功能材料的发展趋势和应用前景.     

相变储能材料研究进展

综述了固-固相变储能材料（s-S PCMs：sofid-solid phase change materials）、固-液相变储能材料（s-1 PCMs：solid—liquid phase change materials）的主要优缺点，并主要介绍了以下2种封装方式：（1）PCMs与基体材料复合制成定型PCMs，包括：与有机高分子材料机械共混、用无机多孔材料封装；（2）PCMs微囊化。此外，还分析了PCMs的主要应用领域及PCMs的主要研究方向。     

纳米技术在相变蓄能材料中的应用

综述了近年来纳米技术在相变材料中的应用进展,总结了相变材料制备过程中不同的复合方法,重点介绍了在相变微胶囊中的应用,讨论了纳米技术应用中存在的难题及解决方法,为纳米复合相变材料的进一步发展提供参考。     

微胶囊相变材料研究进展

首先介绍了微胶囊相变材料及其组成,并就微胶囊相变材料的制备方法、性能改进、性能表征以及在能量利用和热交换领域、温度控制领域和军事领域上的应用进行了综述.     

相变储能材料在建筑中的应用

相变材料是一种高效的贮热物质,相变储能建筑材料是通过向传统建筑材料中加入相变材料制成,可降低建筑能耗,调整室内环境舒适度.本文对相变材料在建筑材料中的应用及存在的问题等进行了总结,并展望了发展前景.     

相变材料微胶囊研究进展

相变材料微胶囊有许多优点,如增加了热传导的面积,降低了相变材料与外界环境的反应活性并在相变发生时可以控制蓄能材料体积的变化.介绍了可作为芯材的相变材料及其主要性质,重点总结了2002年以来相变材料微胶囊的制备方法、表征与材料特点,同时讨论了国内外相变材料微胶囊在建筑节能、纺织及其他领域中的应用现状、存在的问题以及发展前景.     

Free-cooling of buildings with phase change materials

In this paper, the application of phase change materials (PCM) in free-cooling systems is studied. Free-cooling is understood as a means to store outdoors coolness during the night, to supply indoors cooling during the day. The use of PCMs is suitable because of the small temperature difference between day indoors and night outdoors. An installation that allows testing the performance of PCMs in such systems was designed and constructed. The main influence parameters like ratio of energy/volume in the encapsulates, load/unload rate of the storage, and cost of the installation were determined, and experiments were performed following the design of experiments strategy. The statistical analysis showed that the effects with significant influence in the solidification process are the thickness of the encapsulation, the inlet temperature of the air, the air flow, and the interaction thickness×temperature. For the melting process the same holds, but the inlet air temperature had a higher influence than the thickness of the encapsulation. With the empirical model developed in this work, a real free-cooling system was designed and economically evaluated.     

热固性树脂基复合相变材料的制备及其储能强化研究进展

热固性树脂是一种能够在加热或辐射条件下发生交联反应而固化,逐渐硬化成型的树脂类材料,具有耐热性高,受压不易变形等优点,广泛应用于涂料、胶粘剂、电子封装等领域。现有研究表明,由于热固性树脂受热后的固化成型,可有效解决固-液相变材料相变储能过程中泄漏问题。本文从热固性树脂的分类出发,首次系统综述其在相变储能领域的应用研究现状,包括：(1)基于酚醛树脂封装的定型相变材料研究进展;(2)基于环氧树脂封装的定型相变材料研究进展;(3)双环戊二烯石油树脂在相变储能领域应用的可能性。同时,从制备时改性与废弃时处置回收的角度,对热固性树脂强化的相变储能复合材料未来研究重点和发展趋势进行了展望,旨在为拓宽热固性树脂在相变储能领域的应用范围提供有益参考,为制备性能优异的定型相变材料提供更多研究思路。     

定形相变材料的制备方法

综述了定形相变材料各种制备方法的研究进展,介绍了定形相变材料的应用,总结了定形相变材料主要制备方法的发展方向.     

原位聚合法制备相变材料微胶囊及其致密性

采用原位聚合法以三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛预聚物为壁材, 包覆一种相变点为24 ℃、相变焓为225. 5 J / g 的有机相变材料, 制备一种具有调温储热功能的复合材料。通过改变三聚氰胺和尿素摩尔比对微胶囊壁材渗透性和强度进行研究。相变材料受热时会在微胶囊内部产生较大的蒸汽压使微胶囊壁破裂渗出芯材, 采用TGA 测定微胶囊热失重温度得到胶囊壁破裂时的温度。采用压力法观察微胶囊受力后的形貌, 对其强度进行评价。采用752型紫外分光光度仪对微胶囊壁渗透性进行表征。实验结果表明: 微胶囊呈球形, 平均粒径小于5μm , 固化剂滴加速度为0. 8 mL/ min 时微胶囊形貌最好。当尿素质量为反应总单体质量的20 %时, 与不加尿素相比, 微胶囊热失重温度大约提高30 ℃, 可以承受6. 0 MPa 压力而不破损, 并且渗透性并不增加。      

交联定形相变储能材料的研制

分别采用高密度聚乙烯( HDPE) 、高密度聚乙烯和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE) 1∶1的共混物作为基体材料,制备了不同凝胶率的交联定形相变材料, 讨论了材料的凝胶率与交联剂用量之间的关系, 并测定了材料的热性能。通过多次冷热循环实验, 研究了材料的稳定性。结果表明, 交联有利于改善定形相变材料的稳定性, 减少石蜡的渗出。高密度聚乙烯与低密度聚乙烯的共混体系更适合作封装材料。交联程度的不同对材料的相变温度和相变热均不产生影响。多孔填料如硅藻土的添加, 可以进一步减少石蜡的渗出, 提高材料的稳定性。      

相变储能材料及其应用研究进展

人类在面临化石能源枯竭的同时,对能量的利用率依然还停留在较低的水平。因此,在大力发展新能源的同时,着力研发节能环保新材料新技术具有十分重要的意义。相变材料(phase-change materials,PCM)是一种节能环保的储能材料,它在蓄热与温控等领域具有大规模商业应用的潜力。本文首先对相变储能材料的基本特征、工作原理以及分类等方面作了简要的介绍;并就相变储能材料在温控与蓄热等领域的应用与发展情况进行了具体的分析,指出了PCM的性能是制约其深入广泛应用的主要技术障碍。在此基础上,详细评述了PCM存在的主要问题以及针对这些问题开展的相关研究工作和最新发展动态,指出通过功能复合等新技术优化材料性能、设计新材料体系、拓展新的应用领域将是相变储能材料未来的主要发展方向。     

PMMA-g-PEG的制备及其相转变性能研究

使甲基丙烯酸单封端聚乙二醇大分子单体(MA-PEG)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中进行自由基接枝共聚反应,得到了以PEG为支链,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为主链(PMMA-g-PEG)的接枝共聚物.用核磁共振(1H-NMR),傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对PMMA-g-PFG的结构与相对分子量进行了表征.结果表明,所合成的共聚物结构明确,在MA-PEG大分子单体与MMA的不同配比条件下,得到的PMMA-g-PEG的分子量和分子量分布基本相同.并通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了接枝共聚物的热力学性质,结果表明,PMMA-g-PEG具有明显的相转变,其相变焓、相变温度与PEG的含量有关,并且随其含量的增加而增大.     

Experimental investigation of novel hybrid phase change materials

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - The novel potential of hybrid phase change materials (PCM) as a mix of animal fat, specifically pork fat (lard), with edible and waste oil from the...     

纳米相变存储技术研究进展

相变存储技术是纳电子器件发展的主流技术之一,利用其电脉冲操作下的纳秒级的可逆相变过程制备的相变存储器(PCRAM),在嵌入式与大容量存储方面有巨大的商用价值与应用前景,已成为国际大公司开发的热点,PCRAM芯片容量与技术以超常规的速度发展,同时,针对纳米尺度的可逆相变机理、纳米尺度可逆相变的有效控制、低功耗的器件结构、已成为国际上科研界的研究热点,本文对上述情况进行综述,进一步给出我国的PCRAM的研究现状、工业基础、合作状况与展望.