综合疗法治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效观察

目的:观察综合疗法治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的效果.方法:将360例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各180例,治疗组采用针刺、Vocastim-Master吞咽言语诊治仪配合吞咽训练,对照组采用常规单纯吞咽训练.治疗前后,采用藤岛一郎吞咽疗效评价标准对两组患者进行效果评估.结果:治疗后,总有效率治疗组95.6%,对照组86.1%,两组间差异有显著性意义(P〈0.05).结论:综合疗法治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效优于单纯常规的吞咽训练.     

重症脑外伤患者吞咽障碍的早期康复护理

目的 评价重症脑外伤后吞咽障碍的康复护理效果.方法 将74例重症颅外伤后伴有吞咽困难的患者随机分为康复组和对照组,对照组按神经外科常规护理及留置胃管护理,康复组除上述的护理,还进行早期康复护理训练.结果 康复组患者的吞咽功能明显改善、并发症减少、死亡率下降.结论 早期积极的吞咽功能康复训练,能显著改善重症脑外伤患者的吞咽障碍,减少并发症的发生.     

吞咽障碍患者综合康复训练疗效探究

吞咽障碍是由于下颌、双唇、舌、软腭、咽喉、食管括约肌或食管功能受损导致进食困难,不能安全有效地把食物由口送到胃内以取得足够营养和水分.吞咽障碍是脑卒中患者常见并发症之一,据国外文献报道,其发生率约为22%-65%,国内报道其发生率为62.5%.吞咽障碍可导致脱水,营养不良,吸入性肺炎(可反复发生),甚至窒息死亡.目前有大量研究表明,吞咽康复训练对脑卒中后吞咽障碍具有确切疗效,但康复训练介入时机及方法选择尚无统一标准,故在一定程度上影响了康复疗效的进一步提高.我科于2010年至2011年间采用康复综合训练法治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者,取得满意疗效.现报道如下.     

早期良肢位及康复训练对脑卒中恢复的影响

目的:探讨良肢位及康复训练对脑卒中恢复期患者运动功能和ADL的影响.方法:住院时良肢位摆放及康复训练,出院后转入家庭的脑卒中偏瘫患者100例,随机分为训练组和对照组各50例,训练组由主管医生根据患者具体情况制订早期康复训练计划,并进行主、被动训练指导;对照组则按医嘱服药和自己锻炼为主.结果:治疗6个月后,两组患者的运动功能和ADL均较治疗前有所提高,Fugly-meyer运动功能评分和Barthel指数评分,训练组均明显高于对照组(P<0.05、0.01).结论:早期规范的良肢位摆放及康复训练对降低脑卒中偏瘫患者的致残率,规范的延续治疗及患者生活质量的提高均有重要意义.     

社区家庭康复护理对提高脑卒中恢复期患者生活质量的研究

目的:探讨社区家庭康复护理指导对提高脑卒中恢复期患者生活质量的影响.方法:将出院后并在我院社区门诊建档的38例脑卒中恢复期患者随机分成康复组和对照组.对照组给予常规的生活护理如一般的随访和肢体按摩,康复组给予家庭康复护理指导如持续的规范康复训练、个体化的心理护理及健康宣教等.结果:对照组与康复组指导前后ADL评分比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).结论:持续的规范康复训练、个体化的心理护理能使脑卒中患者日常生活能力提高,生活质量明显改善,从而提高总体治疗效果.     

对脑卒中偏瘫患者行早期康复护理的临床观察

目的:观察早期康复护理对脑卒中偏瘫肢体功能恢复的情况.方法:对80例脑卒中致偏瘫患者随机分为2组,40例接受常规护理,40例实施早期康复护理.结果:早期康复护理实施组病员患侧肌力恢复明显对照组,后遗症明显少对照组.结论:早期康复护理对脑卒中偏瘫肢体功能恢复起看重要的作用.     

脑卒中偏瘫康复训练中物理因子应用的疗效观察

目的:探讨康复训练中物理因子的应用对脑卒中偏瘫患者肢体功能的影响.方法:40例脑卒中患者随机分为2组,实验组和对照组各20例.分别进行应用物理因子的康复训练和传统的康复训练.在训练前后对患者偏瘫侧上、下肢运动功能水平,采用Fugl-Meyer运动功能积分法进行评估,及进行Brunnstrom分级.运用Barthel指数评定患者日常生活活动(ADL)能力.并对应用不同康复训练两组患者分别在1个月后进行评价.结果:两组患者进行康复训练后肢体运动功能均有提高,实验组与对照组具有显著性差异,Brunnstrom达VI级以上(包括VI级)的样本率分别进行统计处理,实验组上肢功能康复训练前IV级以上5例,康复训练后23例进步45%;下肢功能康复训练前IV级以上7例,康复训练后28例进步52.5%,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).Barthel指数评定康复训练前后相比有非常显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论:在脑卒中偏瘫患者康复训练中应用物理因子对脑卒中偏瘫患者肢体功能恢复可起明显的促进作用.     

早期康复护理对脑卒中患者肢体功能的影响

目的:探讨早期康复护理对脑卒中后运动功能恢复程度和日常生活能力(ADL)的影响.方法:选择急性脑卒中患者109例,随机分为实验组和对照组,两组患者均接受神经内科常规药物治疗和护理,实验组(脑血栓入院第1天、脑出血第3天)加用康复护理,肢体功能采用积分评分,分别于治疗前和治疗半个月后评定.结果:治疗后两组按简化Fugl-Meyer评分法和日常生活评价(ADL)的Barthel计数计分法评定两组有显著差异.结论:早期康复护理可提高脑卒中患者肢体运动功能.     

针灸按摩配合康复运动治疗脑卒中的效果观察

目的:探讨早期针灸按摩对脑卒中患者语言不利、半身不遂功能恢复的影响.方法:将96例早期脑卒中患者,分为治疗组和对照组,2组患者均接受常规神经内科治疗和早期康复指导,治疗组在此基础上增加针灸按摩治疗.采用1995年全国第四届脑血管病学术会议通过脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度评分标准,在治疗15天(1个疗程)后,对2组患者治疗效果进行评定.结果:与对照组比较,治疗组的评分效率均优于对照组(P<0.05).结论:早期针灸按摩治疗能有效恢复脑卒中患者语言及肢体活动功能.     

康复训练及护理干预对脑卒中患者生活能力的影响

目的:探讨介入常规康复训练及护理干预措施后对脑卒中患者生活能力恢复的影响,为临床上寻求更有效、综合的康复训练方法及护理干预措施.方法:70例脑卒中患者均为首次发病,病程1-3个月,随机分为治疗组(35例)及对照组(35例),治疗组在接受常规药物治疗和基础护理的基础上加以康复训练及护理干预措施.对照组仅采取科内常规药物治疗及基础护理措施.治疗时间均为4周.以两组治疗后均采用Barthel的ADL指数计分法进行治疗后的功能评定.结果:治疗组在日长生活能力的康复效果要明显优于对照组.结论:脑卒中患者接受康复训练及护理干预措施,不仅缩短了病程,而且对有效提高患者日常生活自理能力的恢复,减少了后遗症发生,使其尽快回归家庭和社会起到关键性的作用.     

中风恢复期患者的家庭康复护理体会

中风的学名是急性脑血管疾病,具有致残率高的特点.因此,减轻不同程度的后遗症,帮助患者恢复自理能力是患者和社会共同关注的话题,尤其是出院后的家庭康复更是不可缺少.我院采用出院指导、定期随访、家庭康复护理相结合的办法,取得了较好的效果.     

Dichloroacetate enhanced myocardial functional recovery post-ischemia : ATP and NADH recovery

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of dichloroacetate (DCA) on myocardial functional and metabolic recovery following global ischemia. Isolated rabbit hearts were subjected to 120 min of mildly hypothermic (34 degrees C), cardioplegic arrest with multidose, modified St. Thomas' cardioplegia. Hearts were reperfused with either physiologic salt solution (PSS) as controls, (CON, n = 10) or PSS containing DCA (DCA, n = 6) at a concentration of 1 mM. Functional and metabolic indices were determined at baseline and at 15, 30, and 45 min of reperfusion. In four DCA and four CON hearts, myocardial biopsies were taken at baseline, end-ischemia, 15 and 45 min for nucleotide levels. Functional recovery was significantly better in hearts reperfused with DCA as demonstrated by recovery of baseline developed pressure (DCA = 69 +/- 5%, CON = 45 +/- 9%) and dP/dt (DCA = 64% +/- 10% versus CON = 48% +/- 10%). Coronary blood flow was not different between groups either at baseline or during reperfusion, but myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) was increased in the DCA versus CON hearts (79% +/- 20% of baseline vs 50% +/- 18%). Recovery of myocardial adenylate energy status was improved in the DCA versus CON hearts (ATP recovered to 45% +/- 20% versus 8% +/- 6% of baseline). Coronary sinus lactate concentration was decreased in DCA perfused hearts at 45 min of reperfusion. Percent of baseline NADH values was similar at 15 min of reperfusion, but at 45 min, DCA hearts showed a decrease in NADH levels, while CON hearts showed an increase (DCA = 48%; CON = 121%). The enhanced myocardial function and improved metabolic status noted with DCA may result from increased oxidative phosphorylation due to altered pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity.     

Identity and recovery.

Examines processes involved in successful recovery from addiction through the lens of identity theory and explores the identity processes involved in 12-step programs, psychotherapy with substance abusers, and religious drug-treatment programs. P. Biernacki (1986) found 3 paths that the addict followed in becoming a nonaddict: identity reversion, identity extension, and identity emergence. One part of 12-step programs is the ritual identification of each member in terms of addiction. The individual in such programs is involved in restructuring his or her identity hierarchy. This restructuring also occurs in religious programs, such as those offered by the Black Muslims for heroin addicts. Identity theory can help reveal commonalities in seemingly disparate treatments and be useful in creating alternative approaches. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

对在康复医学科办骨科康复单元的探讨

骨科康复是康复医学的重要内容,骨科病人术后没有及时做康复治疗,疗效受到很大的影响.由于,人民对康复医学不够重视,认识上有误区,因此加强对医务人员的康复宣教,提高对康复医学工作的重要性的认识是当务之急.我院领导重视康复医学的发展,我们抓住机遇,努力在康复医学科内部建立骨科康复单元,让手术后的骨科病人早期康复,恢复功能,探索一条新的康复医学管理模式.     

Shape recovery and phase

The deformation behavior and morphology of martensite in Ni-AI alloys have been studied by means of compression tests, optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Mar- tensite deformation modes were investigated by examining microstructure changes upon compression. The shape memory effect is quantified by studying the incremental strain by compression testing below theM _ftemperature and measuring the shape recovery in a high- temperature dilatometer. The martensite features internal twins, and the twin plane is determined as {11l}_fct. The magnitude of the lattice invariant shear (by twinning) is determined by measuring the relative thickness of twin pairs and is 0.128. Formerly with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign