减重步行训练对小脑出血患者步行功能的影响

目的:探讨减重步行训练在小脑出血患者步行功能康复方面的影响.方法:随机选择10例小脑出血患者在康复过程中使用减重步行训练系统(BWSTT)进行步行功能训练,定期进行Fugl-Meyer下肢运动功能评分,Barthel指数评分及10m步行时间评定,并且同时随机选择另外10例小脑出血患者,经传统康复训练后的以上三组数据分别进行对比分析.结果:减重步行训练6周和传统步态训练6周后患者在步行参数、平衡功能及生活自理评定方面具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两种康复训练方法比较,减重步行训练组比较下肢功能评分及其它二项指数均大于传统步态训练组(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:减重步行训练对于小脑出血患者在恢复步行能力、纠正步态、改善平衡、减轻肌肉痉挛及改善心肺功能方面较传统康复训练有较大优势.     

电针配合小脑电刺激治疗对小脑梗塞患者平衡障碍的疗效观察

目的:观察电针配合小脑电刺激治疗对小脑梗塞患者平衡障碍干预的作用.方法:选择48例小脑梗塞患者,随机分为治疗组,对照组.2组均予小脑电刺激治疗,治疗组在此基础上还进行电针治疗.治疗前及治疗1个月后均采用Berg平衡量表,改良Barthel指数评分评定.结果:与对照组比较,治疗组Berg平衡量表,改良Barthel指数评分均有较大改善,有显著性差异(P<0.01).结论:电针配合小脑电刺激治疗能有效改善小脑梗塞患者平衡功能的恢复.     

大强度减重步态对脑瘫儿童的功能性步态及耐力的影响

目的:探讨大强度减重步态对脑瘫儿童的功能性步态及耐力的影响.方法:随机选择我院2010年10月～2011年3月的收治的40例痉挛型脑瘫儿童,治疗前对患儿进行改良Ashorth法肌张力评级以及粗大运动功能评估,把所有患者随机分成两组,每组20例,对照组采用常规的康复治疗,治疗组在常规康复训练的基础上应用大强度减重步态训练,经过 3个月的治疗后采用用功能性步行分级(FCA)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)进行评定.结果:经过训练,40例脑瘫儿童功能性步态及耐力均得到不同程度改善.但治疗组的改善程度明显高于对照组.结论:大强度减重步态训练是一种安全有效的治疗脑瘫儿童的功能性步态及耐力异常的方法,在脑瘫儿童的治疗中应广泛应用.     

高压氧结合穴位治疗小儿脑瘫的疗效观察

目的:观察穴位结合高压氧对小儿脑瘫的治疗效果.方法:48例 1个月至 2岁的脑瘫患儿随机分为治疗组( 穴位加高氧) 24例,对照组( 穴位) 24例,治疗前后进行日常生活能力、运动功能评定.结果:经3个疗程( 每疗程治疗15d,休息 15d )治疗后,治疗组日常生活能力评分、运动功能评定明显高于对照组( P<0.05),效果校理想.结论:高压氧加穴位对于小儿脑瘫康复的功能改善效果明显.     

神经促通技术对脑卒中早期患者神经功能恢复的影响

目的:探讨神经促通技术对脑卒中早期患者神经功能缺损、肢体运动平衡功能及日常生活活动能力(ADL)的影响.方法:将103例脑卒中患者随机分为两组:康复组(药物+神经促通术)54 例,常规组(单纯药物)49 例,两组均于治疗前及治疗后45天采用神经功能缺损评分(CNS)、Fugl-meyer assessment(FMA)和改良的Barthel指数(MBI)进行评定.结果:治疗后康复组患者神经功能缺损评分、运动平衡功能的改善程度明显优于药物治疗组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05),而ADL的改善更为明显,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01).结论:神经促通技术可明显降低脑卒中早期患者神经功能缺损程度、促进肢体运动平衡功能和ADL能力的恢复.     

电针红外线配合神经阻滞治疗肩周炎56例临床分析

目的:观察电针红外线配合局部神经阻滞用于肩周炎的临床疗效.方法:选择确诊为肩周炎的患者112例,随机分为治疗组56例,对照组56例,对照组采用电针红外线配合功能锻炼治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用局部神经阻滞治疗.采用Comstant-Murley肩功能评定标准观察肩关节功能变化,比较两组患者疗效及复发率.结果:两组患者均取得较好治疗效果,治疗组的总有效率为92.8%,对照组为87.5%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05).2组患者分别经相应治疗后,肩关节功能评分与治疗前比较均有明显改善,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中治疗组患者的改善情况较对照组显著,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:电针红外线配合神经阻滞治疗肩周炎是较理想的治疗方法.     

高压氧疗法对108例脑卒中患者的康复疗效探讨

目的:探讨高压氧对脑脑卒中患者生活质量及运动功能的影响.方法:108例脑卒中患者,随机分为高压氧治疗组、对照组各54例,两组均进行常规治疗.高压氧治疗组在此基础上进行高压氧治疗,对照组仅进行力所能及的康复锻炼.治疗前后两组均对神经功能缺损程序及Barthes指数进行评分.结果:治疗后神经功能缺损评分:高压氧治疗组为10.36±5.82分,对照组为17.25±6.98分,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05),Barthes 指数高压氧治疗组为76.35±11.98分,对照组为61.24±9.81分,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:高压氧治疗对有助于脑卒中患者的功能恢复,提高日常生活自理能力和生活满意度.     

高压氧治疗颅脑损伤92例的护理观察

目的:探讨采用高压氧治疗颅脑损伤的疗效并进行护理观察.方法:选择2008年5月到2010年10月在我院进行高压氧治疗的92例颅脑损伤患者作为研究对象,所有研究对象均签署知情同意书,愿意参加本次研究.结果:高压氧治疗颅脑损伤效果分析显示总有效率为97.96%,无效病例为1例,占1.5%,1例由于病情恶化不能继续进行治疗而减压出舱外,治疗过程中没有焦虑、中耳炎和氧中毒等并发症发生.结论:采用压氧治疗颅脑损伤的疗效较好,但应注意术后护理观察.     

高压氧对急性脑梗死患者血清NSE水平及功能的影响

目的:探讨高压氧(HBO)对急性脑梗死患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平及功能恢复的影响.方法:66例急性脑梗死患者随机分为HBO组(33例)与对照组(33例),两组均给予常规治疗,HBO组同时联合HBO.治疗前后检测两组患者血清NSE水平,同时进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和改良Barthel指数(MBI)评定.结果:治疗前两组间各项指标间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗后两组NIHSS评分及血清NSE水平与治疗前比较明显降低,MBI评分明显增加(均P<0.05),组间相比,HBO组指标改善更显著(P<0.05).结论:急性脑梗死患者应用高压氧治疗可以显著降低NSE水平,促进患者神经功能缺损和日常生活能力恢复,减少致残率,改善预后.     

老年脑卒中恢复期吞咽障碍的康复治疗

目的:观察老年脑卒中恢复期吞咽功能训练对吞咽障碍的疗效.方法:20例老年脑卒中恢复期吞咽障碍患者在接受吞咽功能训练后进行才藤吞咽障碍7级评定.结果:老年脑卒中恢复期吞咽障碍患者在接受吞咽功能训练后功能明显改善,治疗前、后比较有差异(P<0.01).结论:老年吞咽障碍患者经吞咽功能训练能明显提高吞咽功能,恢复了经口摄食,促进自立能力,达到援助患者生活的目的.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.