心理干预对肝硬化患者不良心理的影响

目的 探讨心理护理对肝硬化患者的影响.方法 将65例肝硬化患者分为观察组(31例)及对照组(34例);观察组在常规治疗护理的同时给予心理干预,对照组给予常规治疗护理.治疗前后分别采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对2组患者进行测评.结果 观察组躯体化、焦虑、精神病性和人际关系、抑郁、恐怖因子优于对照组,2组比较差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05、p<0.01).结论 心理护理可改善肝硬化患者不良心理状态.     

心理干预在ICU机械通气患者中的运用研究

目的:探讨心理干预对ICU病房机械通气患者的疗效.方法:对我院收治的109例接受机械通气的ICU病房患者随机分为实验组以及对照组,对实验组患者采用护理干预,对照组患者采用常规护理,并对两组患者采用SDS以及SAS对患者焦虑情况以及患者的治疗效果进行评价.结果:实验组患者SDS以及SAS评分均优于对照组(p＜0.05).实验组患者的治疗效果明显优于对照组(p＜0.05).结论:对接受机械通气的ICU病房患者实施心理干预可有效提高患者预后,降低患者负面情绪的发生     

心理护理对骨折患者不良心理情绪的影响分析

目的:探讨心理护理脑在改善骨折患者中不良心理情绪的临床应用价值.方法:将432骨折患者随机分成试验组和对照组,对照组采用骨科护理常规护理,实验组在常规护理的基础上给予心理护理,2周后比较两组焦虑,抑郁评分情况.结果:住院2周后,发现试验组SAS和SDS评分明显低于对照组,差异有显著的统计学意义 (t= 9.54,11.34,P<0.001).结论:心理护理能明显的改善骨折患者不良心理情绪,值得临床推广应用.     

早期心理干预对老年脑卒中患者抑郁状况及生活质量的影响

目的 探讨早期心理干预对老年脑卒中患者抑郁状况及生活质量的影响.方法 选取老年脑卒中急性期患者60例,按入院顺序随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各30例,2组均给予常规治疗和护理,干预组则同时在患者生命体征平稳后实施为期4周的早期心理干预.采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)、生活质量指数量表(QL-Index)对2组患者干预前后的抑郁状况、生活质量进行评价.结果 干预4周时,干预组GDS、QL-Index评分结果均优于对照组,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01).结论 对老年脑卒中急性期患者实施早期心理干预可明显改善其抑郁状况及提高其生活质量.     

心理护理在甲亢患者围术期护理效果分析

目的:探讨心理护理在甲亢围手术期护理效果.方法:选择我院2008年12月至2010年12月甲状腺功能亢进患者60例,将以上患者随机分为两组,观察组和对照组.两组患者均行甲状腺次全切术.对照组采用甲状腺次全切术常规护理.观察组在对照组护理基础上实施心理护理干预.采用自行设计的问卷调查表对对两组患者术前进行调查问卷主要包括担心手术是否成功、担心麻醉是否成功、是否紧张及需要关心等.术后调查患者对护理的满意度.结果:观察组担心手术成功、担心麻醉效果、担心手术效果所占比例分别与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组护理满意度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:心理护理在甲亢围手术期护理效果显著,能够显著改善患者围手术期不良心理情绪.     

心理护理干预改善白血病患儿父母负性心理状态的影响

目的:探讨心理护理干预对白血病患儿父母负性心理状态的影响.方法:本文对2组患儿父母在刚入院时的心理状况采用SCL-90症状自评量表进行调查,对白血病患儿父母的负性心理状态进行评估与分析,将128例患儿 随机分为干预组和对照组.对照组给予常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上,在白血病不同的治疗期采取针对性的心理护理干预,并在干预后进行比较评价.结果:干预组的负性心理状态有明显改善,且疲乏、恶心呕吐、疼痛、失眠、食欲不振、便秘、腹泻的不良症状明显减轻.结论:实施心理护理干预,可以使白血病患儿父母认识到自己的不良情绪会给孩子带来巨大的身心伤害,了解白血病的发生、发展和转归,提高了认知水平,不仅对自身健康有利,更有助于患儿早日缓解.     

心理护理干预对骨科择期手术患者不良情绪的影响

目的:探讨心理护理干预对骨科择期手术患者情绪的护理影响.方法:选择我院2008年12月至2010年12月骨科择期手术患者100例,将以上患者随机分为两组,观察组和对照组.对照组采用骨科常规护理措施.观察在对照组护理基础上实施心理护理.采用Zung氏焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对两组患者护理干预前后心理状态进行评分.结果:观察组干预后焦虑自评量表评定和抑郁自评量表评分分别与对照组干预后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:心理护理干预能够显著改善骨科择期手术患者不良情绪,有利于手术治疗和术后骨折愈合,护理效果显著.     

心理护理对抑郁症患者康复情况的影响

目的 探讨心理护理对抑郁症患者康复状况的影响.方法 随机选取78例抑郁症患者分为研究组和对照组,2组各39例,研究组在治疗的同时给予常规护理加心理护理,对照组在治疗的同时仅给予常规护理,比较2组患者治疗前和治疗后的HAMD评分和生活质量量表评分.结果 研究组在治疗后HAMD评分的5个项目均低于对照组(p＜0.05),生活质量量表在心理领域的评分研究组高于对照组(p＜0.05).结论 良好的心理护理可以促进抑郁症患者的康复.     

心理护理对胃十二指肠溃疡患者的效果分析

目的:探讨在临床治疗胃十二指肠溃疡给予患者心理护理的临床效果分析.方法:采用回顾性分析,对我院2008年10月-2011年4月入院治疗的82例胃十二指肠溃疡患者,按照随机对照原则将82例患者分为两组,治疗组38例,采用常规的护理+心理护理;对照组44例,采用同治疗组一样的常规护理,观察两组患者的症状改善情况.结果:治疗组的症状改善明显优于对照组,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:在临床治疗胃十二指肠溃疡的同时,采用心理干预,减少患者的心理压力以及精神情绪的焦虑,有助于患者的治疗,取得较好临床护理效果,提高患者的生活质量.     

晚期肿瘤患者的心理干预

目的:探讨晚期肿瘤患者的心理状况及心理干预对患者的影响.方法:通过心理问卷和临床观察,将60例晚期肿瘤患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予临床治疗和心理干预,对照组仅给予临床治疗,对两组前后进行心理计分评估.结果:观察组患者心理情绪状态明显优于对照组(P<0.05).结论:心理干预能有效改善晚期肿瘤患者的心理情绪状态,从而提高生活质量.     

Humanistic psychology and positive psychology.

Comments on M. E. P. Seligman and M. Csikszentmihalyi's (see record 2000-13324-001) introduction to the special issue on positive psychology (American Psychologist, 2000[Jan], Vol 55[1]). The commenting authors wish that Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi had done a more scholarly job of investigating humanistic psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Military psychology and general psychology.

Suggests the relevance of many findings, methods, and viewpoints of military psychology to approaches taken by behavioral and social scientists in solving contemporary problems. 4 factors which have promoted utilization of the results of military psychology are discussed: organizational continuity, membership in the research and development community, comprehensiveness of individual projects, and concern about implementation. (35 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Is positive psychology only White psychology?

Comments on the special issue of the American Psychologist (2000[Jan], Vol 55[1]) on positive psychology. The author points out that in this special issue the perspectives of psychologists of color were not represented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Community and psychology and community psychology.

Community psychology has become an increasingly active speciality with promise of providing a relevant link to current social issues. It's province and dimensions are not yet clear, however. A traditional antipathy toward field and community studies has fostered prejudice and misinformation about the nature of inquiry. The logic of research suggests a need for naturalistic studies, with an ecological orientation as an effective framework. The community is seen as a productive domain for the study of psychology. (28 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Social psychology, experimental psychology and the social psychology of the experiment.

Discusses the recent growth of experimental social psychology which has involved wholesale adoption of classical methodology as conceived by experimental psychology. Paradoxically, research and writings on the "social psychology of the experiment" raise serious questions about certain assumptions implicit in classical methodology, i.e., those concerning the nature of the subject matter and the relationship between E and S. The views of R. Rosenthal, M. T. Orne, and others are discussed in this context and general implications considered in the light of the humanistic movement in American psychology. The general conclusion is that the values and criteria for all experimentation in psychology may be destined to undergo a radical reorientation. (French summary) (32 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Sport psychology in the profession of psychology.

Historically, sport psychology has been identified with physical education; however, recent developments in the field toward applied issues have substantially expanded psychologists' interests and opportunities. Unfortunately, little is known about professional psychologists' involvement in sport psychology practice, research, and training. Therefore, a national survey of 500 male and 500 female psychologists (American Psychological Association Division 12 members) was conducted. Based on 489 responses, results indicated that psychologists (a) were uninvolved in sport psychology research and teaching and (b) had received minimal training or supervision in the field. Despite this absence of sport science training, many had consulted with (22%) or provided individual therapy to (48%) athletes or sport teams. Implications for psychology training and practice are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Toward an organizational psychology for organizational psychology.

Pursuit of the goal for organizational psychology postulated by M. D. Dunnette (1976) is viewed as being analogous to the task accomplishments by formal organizations. This perspective suggests that organizational psychologists might improve their collective effectiveness by applying the substance of organizational psychology to themselves. Six elements are considered: (a) domain and task requirements, (b) required diversity, (c) stimulus variability and search processes, (d) problem definition, (e) resource allocation, and (f) requirements for a self-designing system. Analysis of these dimensions suggests that many aspects of the structure of contemporary organizational psychology are in conflict with the achievement of Dunnette's goals. It is concluded that the way many current processes (e.g., searching for solutions and processes and defining problems) are managed by organizational psychologists stimulates closed-systems approaches for tasks that require creative, open-systems approaches. Potential benefits of an organizational psychology of organizational psychology are suggested. (33 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mainstreaming psychology of women with school psychology.

With the resurgence of the women's movement in the late 1960s, a new scholarly field, the psychology of women, developed within psychology. Scholarship on women continues today both as a separate area of investigation and study and as an area integrated into mainstream American psychology. Although this effort has been ongoing within psychology, school psychology has focused relatively little on women's issues and on issues of sex and gender. This is surprising given the many women in the field of school psychology and in the schools. Thus, the purpose of this special issue is to begin a process of enrichment, much as other psychology fields have already been enriched, by mainstreaming the psychology of women with school psychology. Three articles and a discussion are presented in the miniseries. Each of the authors explores a different topic relevant to women and school psychology and includes a literature review as well as discussion of the salience of the literature to professional school psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Health psychology training in doctoral psychology programs.

Presents the results of a Division 38 (the health psychology division of the American Psychological Association) survey of graduate training programs in psychology, along with facility-specific information on doctoral training opportunities in health psychology as of Fall 1981. 310 questionnaires were returned from psychology programs; 53 indicated that doctoral training in health psychology was available at their institution. It was found that established subspecialty programs were expanding to include health psychology, and new programs were developing in that area. (12 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Health psychology and the ashes of community psychology.

Suggests that while health psychology can have an impact on health behaviors, as noted by J. D. Matarazzo (see record 1982-25842-001), enthusiasm for this field should not overshadow the important contributions that can be made by community psychology in mobilizing people to fight for their political, economic, and health rights. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)