矿井通风对辐射剂量水平的影响

本文通过对几个典型地下铀矿山的工人有效剂量当量在不同生产期间的分布,划分了辐射剂量水平的高峰期、调整期和稳定期;指出了排氡通风中的三个关键问题。     

心血管病介入治疗患者的护理与医院感染控制

总结了心血管介入诊断治疗患者的护理及感染控制措施,包括术前、术后护理体会.认为无菌技术操作是控制医院感染的关键.     

试论心血管病介入治疗所要解决的问题

心血管疾病的介入治疗已成为一个区别于传统内科和外科的有效的治疗方法,它以其创伤小、患者痛苦轻、安全有效显示出独特的优势,已被誉为21世纪医学发展最重要的贡献之一.下面,就如何进行心血管病介入治疗,谈以下几点看法.     

右心导管检查诊断先天性心血管病的临床价值

右心导管检查,是先天性心血管病诊断和鉴别的重要方法,能为手术治疗提供重要的依据。此项检查,在职工医院和包头市,都是首创。     

白云鄂博矿综合利用天然放射性致职工辐射剂量三十年评价(1960—1990)

本文综述了白云鄂博矿中天然放射性钍,在选冶过程中各工序的转移及存在数量,及放射性比活度,及致职工辐射剂量,并得出全部低于放射卫生防护标准中规定的放射工作人员年有效剂量限值.     

骨肿瘤手术前介入性动脉栓塞的临床观察

目的 分析研究介入性动脉栓塞在骨肿瘤临床治疗中的价值和安全性.方法 对26例经病理证实的骨肿瘤患者(治疗组)行选择性血管造影、动脉内灌注化疗和(或)栓塞治疗;并与20例术前未栓塞骨肿瘤患者(对照组)进行对照,观察两组患者治疗后临床、病理改变.结果 治疗组所有患者疼痛不同程度减轻,肿瘤不同程度缩小;治疗组术中失血量、手术时间均明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组手术后经病理检查,显示瘤细胞不同程度变性、坏死、液化.结论 手术前DSA有助于更好地了解骨肿瘤自身及其周边的血管分布和供血情况,有利于指导手术.术前动脉栓塞可明显减少术中出血,更安全,肿瘤完整切除率更高,手术时间缩短.     

农业语篇的介入资源分析:基于评价理论的视角

评价作为一种重要的词汇-语法资源,体现了说话人或作者对语篇的观点和态度。尝试运用评价理论中的介入系统为分析框架,对农业语篇中的介入资源进行分析。一方面,旨在揭示农业语篇中介入资源具有的独特功能和分布特征;另一方面,旨在为农业研究者阅读及撰写该领域的论文摘要提供有益的借鉴。     

社会工作介入精神病院康复模式的探索

从患者、患者家属和护理工作者三个角度探讨社会工作方法在精神病院康复模式中的具体应用。包括运用娱乐疗法、行为疗法、工作疗法、心理疗法来增强患者自身康复功能;帮助患者家属正确认识精神疾病,积极配合医生工作以提高患者家庭康复作用;提供相关知识和技巧,建立良好的护患关系以增强患者的康复。     

发达国家政府介入科研对我国的启示

美国是发达国家,综合研究和竞争力处于世界领先之列,有着多年的对科学研究支持的经验,美国政府在科学研究中的角色经历了冷战及其之后的转变,国力得到了巩固.日本属于后进国家行列,经历二战之后的赶超,国力增强一度成为美国的强颈对手,其政府对于促进科学研究有着深刻理解和有效措施.文中以美国、日本为代表,分析政府在科学研究中的影响及其介入程度和方式,从而取得一些可借鉴的经验和启示.     

从《苍蝇》看萨特的文学介入说

<苍蝇>是萨特根据古希腊神话故事改缩的一部经典剧作,这部作品成功的将他的哲学理论与文学剧作结合到了一起,充分体现的萨特的文学要积极介入生活的思想.     

The nurse who is the patient: a personal perspective

Twenty-eight patients with temporomandibular dysfunction problem have been subjected to diskectomy unilaterally. The diagnosis was in 23 patients ADD (anterior disk displacement) without reduction and in another five ADD with reduction. The disk was removed in total according to a routine procedure. Surgical observation of a firm connection between the inferior surface of the disk and the condylar head was noted in eighteen patients. The disk tissue was orientated on a cork sheet according to its position in the fossa and subjected to histological examination. Histopathological analysis showed that the posterior attachment was a considerable part of the specimen in 12 out of 28 disks. Splitting of the disk was confined to the inferior surface. Chondrocytes were found close to the inferior surface. Surface irregularities, tags, were noticed on the inferior surface in thirteen cases. However, cellular signs of inflammation were found in the retrodiskal tissue in eight cases.     

Legal and ethical duties of the clinician treating a patient who is liable to be impulsively violent

Myosin heavy chain (MHC) and fiber size properties of the adult rat soleus were determined after 4-60 days of complete inactivity, i.e., lumbar spinal cord isolation. Soleus atrophy was rapid and progressive, i.e., 25% and 64% decrease in weight and 33% and 75% decrease in fiber size after 4 and 60 days of inactivity, respectively. Changes in MHC occurred at a slower rate than the atrophic response. After 15 days there was de novo expression of type IIx MHC (approximately 10%). By 60 days, type IIx MHC accounted for 33% of the total MHC content, and 7% of the fibers contained only type IIx MHC. The relative amount of type I MHC was reduced from 93% in control to 49% after 60 days of inactivity. Therefore, the effects of 60 days of inactivity suggest that during this time period at least 75% of fiber size and approximately 40% of type I MHC composition of the adult rat soleus can be attributed to activation-related events.     

Impact of lipid and ACE inhibitor therapy on cardiovascular disease and metabolic abnormalities in the diabetic and hypertensive patient

We examined the effect of 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE) on microsomal cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes in rat liver and kidney. Rats were treated intraperitoneally with 1,1-DCE daily for 4 days, at doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg. Among the P450-dependent monooxygenase activities in liver microsomes, testosterone 2alpha-hydroxylase (T2AH), which is associated with CYP2C11 activity, was remarkably decreased by 800 mg/kg 1,1-DCE. The level relative to control activity was < 10%. Furthermore, immunoblotting showed that 1,1-DCE (> or = 400 mg/kg) significantly decreased CYP2C11/6 protein levels in liver microsomes. In addition, 7-methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD), 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD), benzphetamine N-demethylase (BZND), chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylase (CZ6H), and testosterone 6beta-hydroxylase (T6BH) activities were significantly decreased by the highest dose of 1,1-DCE (by 40-70%). However, the activities of other P450-dependent monooxygenases, namely 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), 7-benzyloxyresorufin O-debenzylase (BROD), aminopyrine N-demethylase (APND), erythromycin N-demethylase (EMND), lauric acid omega-hydroxylase (LAOH), and testosterone 7alpha-hydroxylase (T7AH) were not affected by 1,1-DCE at any dose. Immunoblotting showed CYP1A1/2, CYP2B1/2, CYP2E1, and CYP3A2/1 protein levels were significantly decreased by 60-66% by 1,1-DCE (800 mg/kg), whereas that of CYP4A1/2 was not affected by any dose of 1,1-DCE. By contrast, among the P450-dependent monooxygenase activities in kidney microsomes, only CZ6H activity was increased by 1,1-DCE (1.6-fold at 800 mg/kg). Also, it was observed that 1,1-DCE (800 mg/kg) significantly increased CYP2E1 protein levels by immunoblotting (approximately 1.5-fold). These results suggest that 1,1-DCE changes the constitutive P450 isoforms in the rat liver and kidney, and that these changes closely relate to the toxicity of 1,1-DCE.     

Major depressive disorder is associated with attenuated cardiovascular reactivity and impaired recovery among those free of cardiovascular disease.

Objective: To examine cardiovascular reactivity and recovery to laboratory stress among a naturalistic sample of individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy control participants. Prospective evidence suggests that MDD confers risk for cardiovascular disease equal to or greater than the risk associated with depressed mood. Enhanced cardiovascular reactivity has been proposed as a mechanism explaining increased risk, but data are inconsistent as to whether depressed individuals exhibit enhanced or attenuated reactivity. Further, few studies have examined appraisal and recovery differences. Design: Participants diagnosed with MDD (N = 25) and healthy control participants (N = 25) engaged in a cardiovascular reactivity protocol including 2 tasks, each followed by a brief recovery period. Main outcome measures: Blood pressure, heart rate, pre-ejection period, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were assessed. Appraisals of tasks were assessed prior to each task. Results: Depressed participants exhibited significantly less systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output reactivity during speech, less heart rate reactivity during mirror tracing, and less heart rate recovery after speech and mirror tracing than controls. Depressed participants appraised the tasks as more demanding, threatening, and stressful and reported being less able to cope than controls. Appraisals were related to heart rate reactivity, but appraisals did not mediate the relationship between depression group and reactivity. Conclusion: Impaired recovery rather than exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity may partially explain the increased prospective cardiovascular disease risk in depressed individuals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of cardiovascular disease on driving tasks

Heart disease, even in the elderly individual, need not preclude driving; however, safety for the patient and the public is dependent on close cooperation between the patient and the physician. The patient with ischemic heart disease must be in a stable condition wherein the risk of sudden incapacitation is acceptably low. The physician must take into consideration not only the symptom history, but also the potential impact of concomitant illnesses, devices (e.g., pacemakers), and medications. The patient with congestive heart failure must be assessed for functional ability. Where there is doubt about a subjective report, a practical road test may be advisable. Consideration also should be given to limited driving under preset conditions, such as daytime only, or local roads (excluding highways). Many elderly drivers already limit their driving in such a fashion. Finally, it should be realized that a driving permit is a means to independent mobility. Where heart disease precludes driving and personal transportation is not available, physicians should advise and support their patients to obtain paratransport services where communities offer such services for otherwise immobile citizens.     

Important implications for psychologists of the Americans with Disabilities Act: Case in point, the patient who is deaf.

Increased implementation of the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), which empowered persons who have disabilities, has begun in earnest with recent federal court action. Three legal opinions have far-reaching implications for psychologists whose practices include disabled clients. These implications are especially true for those psychologists who are most likely to work at least occasionally with deaf, hard-of-hearing, or otherwise disabled individuals. However, ADA court decisions also apply to psychologists in group practices and managed care corporations. In this article, these legal opinions are reviewed. The authors consider the implications of the decisions on psychologist practitioners, with special emphasis on their legal responsibilities to deaf clients and on liability and related malpractice concerns. The authors also consider the profound impact of these decisions on deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals in need of psychological services. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)