共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 781 毫秒
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自动加氯数学模型与加氯消毒理论相结合,对原有自动加氯工艺进行优化设计,改进国内加氯消毒控制模式,以出厂水余氯(一氯胺)目标值来自动控制整个工艺过程的加氯、加氨量;以滤后一氯胺和游离氨作为工艺控制参数,来监控出厂水的总氯和总氨值,使加氯和加氨量达到最小化,降低药耗,减少消毒副产物。 相似文献
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加氯消毒是制水厂最基本且最重要的水处理单元,文章对某水厂现有加氯工艺进行研究探讨,并对该加氯工艺进行优化控制,以确保水质卫生学指标安全,降低氯消毒副产物(如THMs)的生成量。 相似文献
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不同原水的氯化消毒工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对上海市两个水源的原消毒工艺进行了化合氯和游离氯两种工艺的实验室和生产性试验,根据消毒副产物的测定数据,认为对黄浦江原水应采用化合氯消毒,而以长江为原水时,可采用游离氯消毒,要改变一次性加氯方式,减少预加氯量,增加滤后水加氯量。 相似文献
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通过对污水处理厂出水加氯消毒各种因素的分析,并经实验研究确定影响消毒效果的因素为pH、有机氮、COD、氨氮、水温等,其中pH为最主要影响因素,同时得出加氯消毒最佳水质条件。在实际生产中,可根据在线仪表显示的水质情况,来调节最佳投氯量。 相似文献
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为了杜绝液氯消毒安全隐患,确保狼山风景名胜区的安全,南通市自来水公司拟将液氯消毒改造为次氯酸钠消毒。基于狼山水厂无新征工程用地且改造期间需保障水厂的安全生产运行,本工程利用现状加氯间进行原址改造,释放了现状加氯间部分空间用于水厂机修仓库,且工程设计中充分考虑了改造工程的实施方案,以供相关加氯系统改造处理工程实践参考。 相似文献
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上海市南汇自来水厂从青草沙水库取水,原水加氯后在输送途中反应生成的消毒副产物(DBPs)使得原有处理技术和工艺难以达到上海市的新版地方标准DB31/T 1091—2018,为此,需要进行研究改进DBPs的控制方法和工艺。试验以水厂原水为研究对象,分析活性炭的吸附、多点加氯等工艺对消毒副产物生成的影响,同时研究了温度与消毒副产物产生的关系。研究发现,投加粉末活性炭15~20 mg/L后,三卤甲烷(THMs)的控制效果明显,即使加氯量达到3 mg/L,THMs也不超过0.15mg/L。多点加氯可以有效降低前期加氯造成的消毒副产物生成量,水温升高使得余氯量明显降低,从而影响消毒副产物的生成量。消毒后的水样中三氯甲烷浓度约为其他组分的一倍,控制三氯甲烷的生成是控制THMs的关键。本研究推荐采用添加粉末活性炭、控制水温夏天方法来削减南汇自来水厂出水中THMs的总量,研究也为自来水厂消毒副产物的控制提供了实操性的建议和技术依据。 相似文献
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A mathematical model has been developed to predict disinfection efficiency and trihalomethane (THM) formation during water chlorination. The model incorporates chlorine dose, total organic carbon (TOC) concentration, contact time, and geometric configuration of the chlorination chamber. Results indicate that the disinfection efficiency can be better controlled by modifying the geometric configuration of the chlorine contactor. In contrast, geometric configuration plays an insignificant role in controlling THM formation. The application of chlorine at about 1.0 mg/L appears to be the most economic and logical dose for the control of THM formation and the disinfection efficiency of the Liu-Du water treatment plant under the operational conditions of conventional chlorination practices. 相似文献
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针对国内城市污水处理厂出水消毒的现状,分别介绍了紫外线消毒、液氯消毒和二氧化氯消毒工艺的原理、优点和缺点,影响消毒效果的因素,以指导相关人员合理选择消毒工艺,提高污水消毒效率。 相似文献
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Heng Liang Jia Y Tian Wen J He Hong D Han Zhong L Chen Gui B Li 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2009,84(8):1229-1233
BACKGROUND: Combined use of permanganate and chlorine has been shown to have synergistic action in disinfection. However, according to the literature the effects of combined preoxidation on coagulation and filtration have not been thoroughly investigated. RESULTS: Laboratory and pilot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of the combined preoxidation by permanganate and chlorine on the treatment of River Luan water. Based on the reduction of the residual turbidity and UV254 after sedimentation and filtration, the optimum dosages of permanganate and chlorine were selected. The improvement of treated water quality was also achieved in the pilot processes. Permanganate reduced the amount of chlorine, while it enhanced chlorination and reduced trihalomethane production. The enhanced treatment efficiency could be explained by the synergistic effect of the preoxidants themselves and the effect of chlorine and intermediates such as hydrous manganese dioxide, which was formed in situ by permanganate reduction. CONCLUSION: Laboratory and pilot studies demonstrated that combined preoxidation by permanganate and chlorine could enhance water treatment. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Electrochemical disinfection is quite attractive as a promising alternative technology to chlorination. It is still debated
whether conventional electrochemical disinfection, which electrolyzes the solution with very high chloride concentration to
produce excess amounts of chlorine species, will generate toxic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and have the same health risks
as chlorination. To resolve this critical issue, we explored the possibility of electrochemical disinfection based on electrogenerated
free radicals but not on active chlorine. The germicidal efficiency of 99.99% was achieved with a contact time of 5 min and
current density of 7 mA cm−2 for a chloride-free model wastewater contaminated by coliforms. Electron spin resonance detection clearly confirmed that
hydroxyl radicals were the major germicidal species responsible for efficient electrochemical disinfection. This process would
not generate poisonous DBPs due to the avoidance of dangerous chlorine species. pH in the range of 5–9 has little effect on
the bacteria inactivation. Formation mechanism of hydroxyl radicals was discussed. 相似文献
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二氧化氯作为一种优良的消毒剂已被广泛应用。为全面直观地了解二氧化氯的研究现状,挖掘和分析二氧化氯研究热点的演化过程和未来发展的可能趋势,通过文献计量学方法从Web of Science核心库中以“chlorine dioxide”为主题词抓取了1995—2020年收录的3 589篇文献,利用CiteSpace软件进行共被引文献、关键词聚类和关键词突现分析。结果表明,水消毒与食品保鲜是二氧化氯的主要应用领域。二氧化氯研究的知识基础主要为其基本物理化学性质及相关的消毒效能研究。二氧化氯的研究主要以应用研究为主,包括净化、杀菌、漂白和催化氧化等。二氧化氯在食品保鲜中的应用和二氧化氯气体的消毒应用在近期仍然是一个热点研究方向,并且可能将继续成为未来研究的热点。 相似文献
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以2000t/a三氯乙酰氯装置为例,简介其工艺流程,并从液氯钢瓶的管理,氯气汽化器、氯气缓冲罐、氯化釜、精馏釜的制造、选材及工况等方面入手,阐述生产工艺中氯气使用的安全设计。 相似文献