北京某住宅小区人防地下室通风深化设计

本文通过工程实例,介绍了人防地下室的进、排风系统,以及各种通风方式下阀门、风机的控制方法。给出了进排风口部原理图,以及战时通风的主要计算过程。     

北京某住宅项目人防地下室通风设计

简要介绍了人防地下室的平时通风和战时通风设计.通过工程实例,详细介绍了人防地下室的进、排风系统,以及各种通风方式下阀门、风机的控制方法.并给出了进、排风口部原理图.给出了战时通风的主要计算过程,并指出了各主要设备选型的依据及注意事项.     

人防地上室通风系统功能转换

介绍了人防地下室的3种通风方式及其功能转换时的控制方法和转换机制,以及平时通风系统与战时进、排风系统常见的连接、转换方式,指出在工程设计时要考虑平战两系统的有效结合,尽可能使平时通风系统成为战时通风系统的一部分,这样可减少工程投资和提高施工进度。     

地下柴油发电、人防柴油电站平战合用的通风设计

地下室柴油发电机房设单独的送排风、排烟,补风系统,供柴油发电机房平时通风、火灾时排烟、补风、以及柴;Fh发电机组运行时补风用。防空地下室移动柴油电站设有独立的进、排风系统。本文结合工程实例．对地下室柴油发电机房、人防工程柴油电站平战合用各通风系统进行讨论。     

西大望220KV变电站暖通设计

着重介绍了这一目前国内规模最大的地下变电站的通风和防排烟系统设计。根据工艺设备布置和变电站的地理位置,在上风侧设进风竖井和可移动式进风塔,在下风侧设计排风竖井和排风塔,采用自然井风、机械排风的通风方式;对可能产生有毒气体的CIS室设正常通风和事故风系统,房间上、下部均设排风口。不同于常规变电站的防排烟,电气设备间的消防设计不仅考虑火灾后的排烟,而且考虑人员的安全疏散,排烟风机和各种防火阀既能集中控制,亦可就地控制。该变电站已安全运行一年多。     

阿富汗某项目人防地下室防护通风及排烟设计

结合该项目人防地下室工程设计实例,介绍了清洁通风量和滤毒通风量的计算,战时隔绝防护时间的校核,进排风系统设计,电动人力两用风机、过滤器的选用以及排烟系统的设计。分析了排烟量的计算和防火设备的选择,对风管的设计进行了说明。     

工业车间全面通风理论计算的新方法

原有计算方法建立在进排风温度相等这一条件上，与实际情况大多不相符合。通过理论分析，重新推导了工业车间全面通风的理论计算公式。该公式可以用于全面通风换气次数、车间内有害物浓度、通风时间等参数的计算。     

某高能束加速器CT检测厂房暖通空调系统设计

针对某工业高能束加速器CT检测厂房的供暖、通风、空调系统的设计要点及辐射防护措施进行了详细探讨，介绍了直线加速器室臭氧防护通风换气量、补风方式、进排风系统的设置及厂房其他区域的通风要求。     

公共厨房的通风设计

分析了目前公共厨房操作间通风设计方式普遍存在的问题，提出了现代公共厨房采用局部送排风加全面排风的解决方法，并简单阐述了公共厨房设计的一般原则以及通风系统的采用形式，包括送风，排风系统设计，排烟罩的选择。排烟罩最小风量的计算等。     

长大铁路隧道施工通风技术探讨

在总结钻爆法无轨运输压入式、排风式和巷道式通风技术经验的基础上,通过对燕山隧道5号斜井进双正洞同时施工的两个阶段通风系统设计和布置,达到了提高通风效果和改善隧道施工环境的目的。     

进风口对变压器室通风效果的影响

通风设计是户内变电站变压器室设计的难点问题。运用CFD方法,对某变压器室温度场和速度场进行模拟,并将模拟值与实测值对比,验证数学模型的有效性。在此基础上,以某变电站变压器室为模拟对象,通过改变进风口位置和面积,设计并模拟6种通风工况,通过对比各工况温度场、速度场和特征温度值的变化规律,重点研究进风口对变压器室通风效果的影响。模拟结果表明：进风口面积不变时,进风口应布置在散热器一侧且其中心高度宜控制在散热器中心高度或稍偏下位置,不宜高于散热器;进风口位置固定时,增大进风口面积改善通风效果时,宜选择沿高度方向增大进风口面积。所得结论可为变压器室通风设计提供技术参考。     

热压通风建筑的风路设计与风场模拟

本文运用理想气体公式结合经验修正对中国矿业大学某实验楼改造进行了热压通风设计,建立了热压通风单元的流体动力学模型并模拟了一定环境下的室内服务区域和各进出气口的风速分布及温度分布。模拟结果合理地反映了通风设计情况,有助于方案的确定。     

寒冷地区冬季自然通风时段选择优化分析

为获得最优的冬季自然通风时段,以兰州地区某地板供暖民用住宅为研究对象,考虑围护结构对室外温度波的衰减和延迟效应,得到建筑围护结构的等热流边界条件。在此基础上,采用FLUENT软件对不同通风时段的室内污染物浓度场进行了数值分析,结果表明:同一开窗方式时,不同时段的通风时长不同,不同进风温度对室内污染物的时空分布及迁移特性影响显著,综合考虑污染物排除效果及舒适性,发现17:00时开始通风为最优通风时段。     

地下变电站主变压器室通风降温的数值模拟

本文采用FLUENT软件对某地下变电站的主变压器室的通风降温进行CFD模拟.通过建立合理的数学模型和物理模型,模拟分析了在原始设计参数和通风方式下室内气流的组织状况,验证了设计方案的合理性.并以此模型为基础,模拟了不同的通风方式,从模拟结果分析中得到最佳的进排风方式.在最优化的通风方式下,模拟人口风速变化对室内气流组织...     

An analytical and numerical study of solar chimney use for room natural ventilation

The solar chimney concept used for improving room natural ventilation was analytically and numerically studied. The study considered some geometrical parameters such as chimney inlet size and width, which are believed to have a significant effect on space ventilation. The numerical analysis was intended to predict the flow pattern in the room as well as in the chimney. This would help optimizing design parameters. The results were compared with available published experimental and theoretical data. There was an acceptable trend match between the present analytical results and the published data for the room air change per hour, ACH. Further, it was noticed that the chimney width has a more significant effect on ACH compared to the chimney inlet size. The results showed that the absorber average temperature could be correlated to the intensity as: (T_w = 3.51I^0.461) with an accepted range of approximation error. In addition the average air exit velocity was found to vary with the intensity as (ν_ex = 0.013I^0.4).     

Natural ventilation of multiple storey buildings: The use of stacks for secondary ventilation

The natural ventilation of buildings may be enhanced by the use of stacks. As well as increasing the buoyancy pressure available to drive a flow, the stacks may also be used to drive ventilation in floors where there is little heat load. This is achieved by connecting the floor with a relatively low heat load to a floor with a higher heat load through a common stack. The warm air expelled from the warmer space into the stack thereby drives a flow through the floor with no heat load. This principle of ventilation has been adopted in the basement archive library of the new SSEES building at UCL. In this paper a series of laboratory experiments and supporting quantitative models are used to investigate such secondary ventilation of a low level floor driven by a heat source in a higher level floor. The magnitude of the secondary ventilation within the lower floor is shown to increase with the ratio of the size of the openings on the lower to the upper floor and also the height of the stack. The results also indicate that the secondary ventilation leads to a reduction in the magnitude of the ventilation through the upper floor, especially if the lower floor has a large inlet area.     

An investigation of air inlet types in mixing ventilation

Previous studies have shown that dispersion of contaminant concentrations strongly depends on air inlet types. However, these studies were performed computationally, not experimentally. Thus, the purpose of the current research is to obtain contaminant concentrations in a room, to perform qualitative and quantitative comparison for a wall jet (WJ) air inlet and a ceiling diffuser (CD) air inlet, and to determine more efficient inlet and outlet configuration.     

重庆市嘉华隧道通风系统设计

结合工程实际情况,对目前重庆主城区最大隧道嘉华隧道的通风方式选择、需风量计算、风机组合设计等具体过程以及火灾时的通风控制进行了介绍,以满足车辆正常行驶条件下的隧道需风量。     

隧道等截面通风系统均匀送风特性研究

针对地下建筑长大隧道均匀通风的工程需求,提出了一种基于通风均流器的等截面通风系统,为获得主风管风速、宽高比与通风系统送风均匀性的关系,采用CFD数值模拟分析方法对通风系统的送风均匀性和阻力性能进行了研究。研究发现,主风管风速为9.7 m/s时,各风口最低风速4.45 m/s,最高风速4.96 m/s,平均风速4.63 m/s,最大偏差7%,各风口风速标准差为0.16,等截面通风系统能实现均匀送风。通风均流器阀片角度恒定时,系统送风均匀性随着主风管风速的增大而小幅降低,各风口风速标准差范围为0.12～0.24;随着主风管宽高比的增加,各风口风速标准差波动范围为0.22～0.34,主风管风速、宽高比对系统送风均匀性影响较小。风速大于6.5 m/s时,通风均流器阻力系数ξ随着阀片角度β的增大而减小,与Re无关;阀片角度β一定时,通风均流器阻力系数ξ随主风管宽高比的增加而减小。     

On the transition from displacement to mixing ventilation with a localized heat source

We investigate the steady state natural ventilation of a room heated at the base and consisting of two vents at different levels. We explore how the air flow rate and internal temperature relative to the exterior vary as a function of the vent areas, position of the vents and heat load in order to establish appropriate ventilation strategies for a room. When the room is heated by a distributed source, the room becomes well mixed and the steady state ventilation rate depends on the heating rate, the area of the vents and the distance between the lower and upper level vents. However, when the room is heated by a localised source the room becomes stratified. If the effective ventilation area is sufficiently large, then the interface separating the two layers lies above the inlet vent and the lower layer is comprised of ambient fluid. In this case the upper layer is warmer than in the well mixed case and the ventilation rate is smaller. However, if the effective area for ventilation is sufficiently small, then the interface separating the two layers lies below the inlet vent and the lower layer is comprised of warm fluid which originates as the cold incoming fluid mixes during descent from the vent through the upper layer. In this case both the ventilation rate and the upper layer temperature are the same as in the case of a distributed heat load. As the vertical separation between lower and upper level vents decreases, then the temperature difference between the layers falls to zero and the room becomes approximately well mixed. These findings suggest how the appropriate ventilation strategy for a room can be varied depending on the exterior temperature, with mixing ventilation more suitable for winter conditions and displacement ventilation for warmer external temperatures.