热挤压对铸态Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-1Y-2Sn镁合金组织和性能的影响（英文）

通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、浸泡实验、析氢实验、电化学试验、拉伸试验等方法,研究了不同挤压温度(340、360、380、400℃)下,热挤压对铸态Mg-1Zn-0.3Zr-1Y-2Sn合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明:热挤压后,合金的第二相沿挤压方向破碎成颗粒,微观组织中存在动态再结晶和变形晶粒。随着挤压温度的升高,第二相的含量变化较小,动态再结晶晶粒尺寸逐渐增大。热挤压后,合金的力学性能得到改善,但其耐腐蚀性最终减弱。热挤压处理可以在腐蚀的早期阶段提高合金的耐腐蚀性能,但随着腐蚀的进行,在后期合金的耐蚀性能会降低。当热挤压温度为360℃时,合金具有较好的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能。     

往复挤压对Mg-0.85Zn-0.15Y-0.6Zr铸态组织和力学性能的影响

研究了往复挤压对准晶增强Mg-0.85Zn-0.15Y-0.6Zr铸态合金显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,往复挤压可大幅度细化Mg-0.85Zn-0.15Y-0.6Zr铸态合金组织,且使I相等相对均匀地分布在α-Mg基体中。同铸态合金相比,挤压后Mg-0.85Zn-0.15Y-0.6Zr合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率分别提高了75.8%,43.2%和35%。     

铸态与挤压态Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr合金在5% NaCl水溶液中的腐蚀行为(英文)

在5%NaCl水溶液中通过浸泡和电化学测试研究铸态与挤压态Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr镁合金的腐蚀性能。铸态和挤压态Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr镁合金的平均晶粒尺寸分别为100μm和15μm。在腐蚀初期,铸态合金的腐蚀形貌为点蚀和少量丝状腐蚀,挤压态合金的腐蚀形貌为点蚀。挤压态合金的腐蚀速率大于铸态合金的腐蚀速率。包含稀土的第二相在合金中作为阴极,改善了合金的腐蚀性能。铸态与挤压态合金的腐蚀电位分别为-1.658V和-1.591V。探讨了铸态与挤压态合金腐蚀性能不同的原因。     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Mg-Sn-Ca alloys after extrusion

Mg-Sn-Ca alloys promise a reasonable corrosion resistance in combination with good creep resistance, likely due to the presence of Ca2-xMgxSn and other phases. The selected alloys with 3% Sn and Ca in the range of 1%-2% have been extruded in order to achieve more homogeneous microstructure compared with the as-cast alloys. Optical microscopy(OM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques were used to study the microstructure and phases of these alloys. The corrosion behavior of these alloys was investigated by means of salt spray test and potentio-dynamic measurements. The results obtained on the alloys Mg-3Sn (T3), Mg-3Sn-1Ca (TX31), and Mg-3Sn-2Ca (TX32) indicate the presence of the same phases in as-cast and after extrusion, namely Mg2Sn, Ca2-xMgxSn, and Ca2-xMgxSn/Mg2Ca, respectively. However, due to the occurrence of extensive recrystallization in the extrusion process, the grain size has significantly reduced after extrusion. The reduction leads to the improvement of the corrosion resistance after extrusion which is then comparable with the commercial alloy AZ91D.     

初始组织对热挤压Mg-6Al-2Ca-2Sm合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

对铸态Mg-6Al-2Ca-2Sm合金分别进行经固溶和固溶+时效处理获得不同初始组织试样,然后对不同初始组织的试样进行热挤压,研究了不同初始组织对热挤压Mg-6Al-2Ca-2Sm合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：铸态合金经热挤压后发生明显的部分再结晶,显微组织得到显著细化;经固溶或固溶+时效处理能够改善合金组织,热挤压后合金显微组织分布更加均匀。初始组织分布能够改善热挤压Mg-6Al-2Ca-2Sm合金室温和高温力学性能,固溶+时效后进行热挤压,Mg-6Al-2Ca-2Sm合金具有最高的抗拉强度和延伸率。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-4Y-2Gd-xZn-0.4Zr alloys

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg-4Y-2Gd-0.4Zr alloy with Zn additions have been investigated. The investigation suggests that the mechanical properties of the alloys have been greatly improved after hot extrusion due to the refinement of microstructures, especially the elongations. The extruded Mg-4Y-2Gd-1.0Zn-0.4Zr alloy displays excellent tensile properties. The ultimate tensile strength and the yield tensile strength are 291 and 228 MPa, respectively, with an elongation of 28%. The additions of Zn have an obvious effect on refining microstructure of the extruded alloys, and the vicker hardness increases with increasing Zn additions. The age hardening responses of the extruded alloys have been investigated at 220 °C. These alloys display unobvious ageing hardness responses.     

Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca生物镁合金不同速度挤压后组织性能研究

采用常规铸造法制备了Mg-3Zn-1Y-0.6Zr-0.5Ca生物镁合金。研究了在不同正挤压速度下(10, 30, 60, 90mm/min)挤出的变形镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着挤压速度的增大,动态再结晶晶粒尺寸增大,未动态再结晶区域减少。不同挤压速度影响第二相的形态和分布,进而影响动态再结晶的发生。织构随着挤压速度的增大而减弱。随着挤压速度的增大,合金的塑性增强,抗拉强度减小。在挤压速度为60mm/min 时,综合力学性能良好。抗拉强度270Mpa,伸长率19.6%。     

Microstructures and Properties of Reciprocatingly Extruded Mg-6.4Zn-1.1Y Alloys

An icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystalline phase can be produced in Mg-Zn- Y system alloys when a proper amount of Zn and Y is contained, and it is feasible to prepare the quasicrystal phase-reinforced low-density magnesium alloy. In this article, phase constituents and the effect of reciprocating extrusion on microstructures and properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy are analyzed. The microstructure of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy consists of the α-Mg solid solution, icosahedral Mg3YZn6 quasicrystal, and Mg3 Y2Zn3 and MgZn2 compounds. After the alloy was reciprocatingly extruded for four passes, grains were refined, Mg3 Y2 Zn3 and MgZn2 phases dissolved into the matrix, whereas, Mg3 YZn6 precipitated and distributed uniformly. The alloy possesses the best performance at this state; the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are 323.4 MPa, 258.2 MPa, and 19.7%, respectively. In comparison with that of the as-cast alloy, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the reciprocatingly extruded alloy increase by 258.3%, 397.5%, and 18 times, respectively. It is concluded that reciprocating extrusion can substantially improve the properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy, particularly for elongation. The high performance of the Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy after reciprocating extrusion can be attributed to dispersion strengthening and grain-refined microstructures.     

Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr镁合金的组织和性能

设计了新型Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr镁合金,并用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及拉伸试验机对合金铸态、均匀化态及挤压态的显微组织特征和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,铸态Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr合金组织主要由α-Mg基体和沿晶界分布的块状长周期堆垛有序结构相组成,均匀化处理(450℃×16h)促使细小层片状的长周期堆垛有序结构相由晶界向晶内生长。挤压态Mg-6Gd-3Y-2Zn-0.5Zr合金在200℃下时效处理,无明显时效硬化现象,但挤压态合金具有优良的强韧性能,室温抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为335MPa、276MPa和17%。     

MICROSTRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF RECIPROCATINGLY EXTRUDED Mg-6.4Zn-1.IY ALLOYS

An icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystalline phase can be produced in Mg-Zn-Y system alloys when a proper amount of Zn and Y is contained, and it is feasible to prepare the quasicrystal phase-reinforced low-density magnesium alloy. In this article, phase constituents and the effect of reciprocating extrusion on microstructures and properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy are analyzed. The microstructure of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy consists of the a-Mg solid solution, icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal, and Mg3 Y2Zn3 and MgZn2 compounds. After the alloy was reciprocatingly extruded for four passes, grains were refined, Mg3 Y2 Zn3 and MgZn2 phases dissolved into the matrix, whereas, Mg3YZn6 precipitated and distributed uniformly. The alloy possesses the best performance at this state; the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are 323.4 MPa, 258.2 MPa, and 19.7%, respectively. In comparison with that of the as-cast alloy, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the reciprocatingly extruded alloy increase by 258.3%, 397.5%, and 18 times, respectively. It is concluded that reciprocating extrusion can substantially improve the properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy, particularly for elongation. The high performance of the Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy after reciprocating extrusion can be attributed to dispersion strengthening and grain-refined microstructures.     

Effect of Ca addition on the as-cast microstructure and creep properties of Mg-5Zn-5Sn magnesium alloy

The effect of Ca addition on the as-cast microstructure and creep properties of Mg-5Zn-5Sn magnesium alloy was investigated. The results indicate that adding 1.0 wt.% Ca to Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy can effectively refine the as-cast microstructure of the alloy, and the CaMgSn phase with high thermal stability is formed in the alloy. In addition, adding 1.0 wt.% Ca to Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy can also improve the creep properties of the alloy. After adding 1.0 wt.% Ca to Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy, the second creep rate of the alloy at 150°C and 50 MPa for 100 h decreases from 4.67 × 10⁻⁸ to 1.43 × 10⁻⁸ s⁻¹. The strengthening mechanism is mainly attributed to the microstructural refinement and the formation of CaMgSn phase.     

不同Y含量对ZM21镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

本文主要通过OM、SEM、EDS和XRD等研究了铸态及挤压态Mg-2Zn-1Mn-xY (Y=0,0.8,2.2,wt.%) 镁合金显微组织和力学性能。由实验结果可知,稀土Y的添加,不仅可以细化铸态及挤压态合金晶粒,还可以弱化挤压态合金的基面织构强度,从而同时提高合金的强度以及韧性。本文中最优化合金挤压态Mg-2Zn-1Mn-xY合金具有良好的力学性能,与原始Mg-2Zn-1Mn合金相比,屈服强度从164MPa提高到204MPa、抗拉强度从237MPa提高到298MPa以及延伸率从12%增加到18%。     

AZ91镁合金的挤压和析出硬化行为(英文)

挤压比为4:1,将铸态AZ91镁合金分别在250,300和350℃下进行挤压,随后进行析出硬化处理(T6)。经过热挤压和析出硬化处理后,铸态AZ91镁合金中粗大的和偏析Mg17Al12析出相被细化并均匀分布在α-镁基体中。在不同的挤压温度下合金中发生了部分或全部动态再结晶。经挤压后,该合金的极限抗拉强度从铸态的190MPa增加到570MPa。AZ91镁合金的时效硬化特征与晶粒尺寸有关。在250、300和350℃下以4:1的挤压比挤压该合金后,获得峰值硬度的时效时间分别为35、30和20h。SEM观察到在AZ91基体中存在均匀细小的Mg17Al12析出相。     

Effect of hot extrusion on microstructure and mechanical properties of quasicrystal-reinforced Mg-Zn-Y alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and as-extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloy （Mg-11 %Zn- 0.9%Y, mass fraction） containing Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal were studied. The eutectic icosahedral quasicrystal phase （I-phase） is broken and almost distributes along the extrusion direction, and fine I-phase with nano-size is precipitated during the extrusion. The a-Mg matrix grains are refined due to recrystallization occuring during the hot extrusion. Some {1012} twins are observed in the extruded ZW1101 alloy. And {0002}（1010） fiber texture is formed in matrix alloys after hot extrusion. The extruded alloy exhibits high strength in combination with large elongation at room temperature. The strengthening mechanism of the as-extruded alloy was discussed.     

稀土Y元素对铸态镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用熔炼工艺制备了Mg-2.0Zn-0.2Ca与Mg-2.0Zn-0.2Ca-2Y合金,研究了两种合金的铸态组织及力学性能。结果表明,Y元素的添加细化了Mg-2.0Zn-0.2C合金的铸态组织。Mg-2.0Zn-0.2Ca合金主要由α-Mg与少量Mg₇Zn₃相组成,添加2wt%的Y后,改变了Zn在Mg基体中的固溶度,降低了其固溶强化效果,同时组织中形成了I相和W相。添加Y元素后,合金的规定塑性延伸强度升高,从41.0 MPa升高到50.6 MPa;伸长率降低,从12.6%降低到4.0%。     

不同Zn/Cu质量比对Mg-Zn-Cu显微组织和性能的影响

论文采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜及显微硬度测试、室温和高温拉伸性能测试、蠕变性能测试研究了Ce和不同的Zn /Cu质量比对Mg-Zn-Cu显微组织和室温及高温力学性能的变化规律、高温变形性能、强化机制和抗蠕变性能的影响。研究结果表明,室温下挤压态Mg-8Zn-8Cu-Ce的拉伸强度和屈服强度分别为320 MPa和291 MPa,在423K温度下,拉伸强度仍高于220MPa。合金具有优良的蠕变性能,稳态蠕变速率为1.21×10_-8 s_-1,蠕变量仅为0.562%。在相同的变形温度下,铸造Mg-7Zn-3Cu-Ce的真实应力随着应变速率的增大而增大,表明合金是应变速率敏感材料。相同的应变速率下,合金的真实应力随着温度的升高而减小,但没有明显的动态再结晶和软化现象。     

Evolution of Microstructure,Residual Stress,and Tensile Properties of Mg–Zn–Y–La–Zr Magnesium Alloy Processed by Extrusion

The microstructure, texture, residual stress, and tensile properties of Mg–6 Zn–2 Y–1 La–0.5 Zr(wt%) magnesium alloy were investigated before and after extrusion process, which performed at 300 °C and 400 °C. The microstructural characterizations indicated that the as-cast alloy was comprised of α-Mg, Mg–Zn, Mg–Zn–La, and Mg–Zn–Y phases. During homogenization at 400 °C for 24 h, most of the secondary phases exhibited partial dissolution. Extrusion process led to a remarkable grain refi nement due to dynamic recrystallization(DRX). The degree of DRX and the DRXed grain size increased with increasing extrusion temperature. The homogenized alloy did not show a preferential crystallographic orientation, whereas the extruded alloys showed strong basal texture. The extrusion process led to a signifi cant improvement on the compressive residual stress and mechanical properties. The alloy extruded at 300 °C exhibited the highest basal texture intensity, the compressive residual stress and hardness, and yield and tensile strengths among the studied alloys.     

Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of the As-Extruded Mg-4Zn-2Gd-0.5Ca Alloy

In order to study the corrosion resistance of extruded magnesium alloys,the Mg-4 Zn-2 Gd-0.5 Ca alloy was extruded at the speed of 0.01-0.1 mm/s with the temperature of 280-360℃in present study.Hot extrusion results show that the volume fraction of precipitates(V_(pre)),V_(DRX)(the dynamic recrystallization rate) and the average size of DRXed grain(d_(DRX)) decrease with the decrease in extrusion speed,and the corrosion rate of the alloy also shows a downward trend.On the contrary,the values of V_(pre),V_(DRX) and d_(DRX) increase with the increase in extrusion temperature,and the corrosion resistance of Mg-4 Zn-2 Gd-0.5 Ca alloy decreases.When the extrusion speed is 0.01 mm/s and the extrusion temperature is 280℃,the alloy has the best corrosion resistance.The corrosion of extruded Mg-4 Zn-2 Gd-0.5 Ca alloy occurs preferentially on the magnesium matrix around W and I phases in the DRXed zone.With the further corrosion,the corrosion continues to spread along the phase,and the corrosion area gradually increases.Galvanic corrosion plays a leading role in the corrosion process.Moreover,there are a large number of basal plane textures in the unDRXed region,which is conducive to improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys.In addition,the decrease in grain size also makes the corrosion of magnesium alloy more uniform.     

Mn添加对挤压态Mg-Zn-Y-Nd合金微观组织和腐蚀行为的影响

通过光学显微镜,配备能量色散光谱仪的扫描电子显微镜,X射线衍射仪,浸泡法和电化学测试的方法研究了Mn的添加对挤压Mg-Zn-Y-Nd合金在3.5wt.％NaCl溶液中的微观组织和腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,在研究的Mg-Zn-Y-Nd合金中添加Mn可以诱导Mg3Y2Zn3（I相）沉淀,可以抑制热挤压过程中动态再结晶（DRX）晶粒的粗化。同时,添加了Mn也可以提高合金的耐腐蚀性。不含Mn的Mg-5.6Zn-1Y-0.4Nd合金与含锰1.0 wt.％的Mg-5.6Zn-1Y-0.4Nd合金腐蚀速率分别为18.78 mm·y-1和9.89mm·y-1。而耐腐蚀性的提高主要归因于腐蚀产物层保护性的增强。     

Effects of calcium addition on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy

The effects of Ca addition on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg-5Zn-5Sn (mass fraction,%) alloy were investigated.The results indicate that an addition of 0.5%-1.5% (mass fraction) Ca to the Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy not only refines the as-cast microstructure of the alloy but also causes the formation of the primary and/or eutectic CaMgSn phases with high thermal stability;an increase in Ca amount from 0.5% to 1.5% (mass fraction) increases the amount and size of the CaMgSn phase.In addition,Ca addition to the Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloy improves not only the tensile properties at room temperature and 150 ℃ but also the creep properties.Among the Ca-containing Mg-5Zn-5Sn alloys,the one added 0.5% (mass fraction) Ca obtains the optimum ultimate tensile strength and elongation at room temperature and 150 ℃,however,the alloy added 1.5% (mass fraction) Ca exhibits the optimum yield strength and creep properties.