微量Sc对2195铝锂合金应变时效态的显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用拉伸试验机、光学金相显微镜、透射电镜、扫描电镜等设备研究了添加微量Sc对2195铝锂合金应变时效态的显微组织和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：微量Sc加入后能生成细小弥散Al3(Sc，Zr)质点，起到抑制再结晶的作用；微量Sc的加入既促使合金晶内析出的T1相分布更弥散均匀，又能使亚晶界和晶界上析出的T1相变得细小，几乎不出现明显的晶界无析出带，因而可在不降低合金强度的前提下有效地改善其塑性。     

Effect of minor Sc and Zr addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys

Three kinds of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu based alloys with 0.22%, 0.36%（Sc＋Zr） （mass fraction, %）, and without Sc, Zr addition were prepared by ingot metallurgy. By using optical microscopy, transmission electronic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the effects of microalloying elements of Sc, Zr on the microstructure of super-high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys related to mechanical properties were investigated. The tensile properties and microstructures of the studied alloys under different heat treatment conditions were studied. The addition of minor Sc, Zr results in the formation of Ala（Sc,Zr） particles. These particles are highly effective in refining the microstructures, retarding recrystallization, pinning dislocations and subboundaries. The strength of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys was greatly improved by simultaneously adding minor Sc, Zr, meanwhile the ductility of the studied alloys remains at a higher level. The 0.36%（Sc＋Zr） alloys gain the optimal properties after 465 ℃/h solution and 120 ℃/24 h aging. The increment of strength is mainly due to strengthening of fine grain and substructure and precipitation ofAl3（Sc, Zr） particles.     

Effects of minor Sc on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Zr alloy welded joint

Two kinds of AI-6.0Zn-2.0Mg-0.12Zr and AI-6.0Zn-2.0Mg-0.2Sc-0.12Zr alloy plates were prepared by ingot-metallurgy. The alloy plates with 3 mm thickness were welded by argon shield welding method, and the mechanical properties and microstructures of the two welded joints filled with AI-Mg-Sc welding wire were studied comparatively. The results show that firstly, minor Sc can raise the mechanical properties of the Al-Zn-Mg-Zr base alloy greatly. The reason for the increment is the fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening and the substructure strengthening caused by Al3（Sc, Zr）. Secondly, η phase （MgZn2） and grain size in the heat-affected zone of the alloy without Sc become coarse obviously, the η＇ phase （MgZn2） in the heat-affected zone of the alloy with Sc becomes coarse also, but the grain size has no visible change. Al3（Sc, Zr） particles are rather stable and can inhibit the movement of dislocation/land sub-grain boundaries, overaging softening is not serious. Thirdly, adding minor Sc can raise the strength of welded joint remarkably, the tensile strength of alloy with Sc increases from 395 MPa to 447 MPa and the welding coefficient increases from 0.7 to 0.8 as well. The reason for the high strength of welded joint with Sc addition is the fine grain strengthening, precipitation strengthening and the increasing of resistance to thermal cycling softening caused by Al3（Sc, Zr）.     

Effect of minor Sc and Zr on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg based alloys

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2195铝锂合金超声TIG焊的组织与性能分析

采用了普通TIG焊和超声复合TIG焊对2 mm厚度的2195铝锂合金进行了平板对接焊,并对两种焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能进行了研究. 结果表明,由于超声的作用效果,超声TIG焊的焊缝具有更加致密的组织,熔合区附近的等轴细晶区区域较宽;拉伸性能测试表明,超声TIG焊接头具有较高的拉伸性能,接头强度系数比普通TIG焊提高6.7%,断后伸长率提高1.36%,拉伸接头均断裂在热影响区硬脆的晶界相内,显微硬度测试表明超声TIG焊接头受热影响软化区域较窄.     

Microstructure and properties of Al-4Cu alloy containing Sc

The effects of different contents of Sc addition on the microstructures and properties of the Al-4 %Cu alloy were studied by tensile properties measurement, optical microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis. The experimental results show that rare-earth element Sc is capable of refining the dendritic structure of the Al-4%Cu alloy, the tensile strength σb and yield strength σ0.2 just increase a little when the content of Sc is lower than 0.2%; when the content reaches 0.3%-0.4%, σb and σ0.2 slightly decrease; but σb and σ0.2 rise again when the Sc content is 0.5%, though both of them are lower than those of theAl-4%Cu alloy without Sc addition. However, Sc addition has little influence on the elongation of the Al-4 %Cu alloy. Adding Sc to the Al-4%Cu alloy, when the amount of Sc is lower than 0.2%, Sc mostly exists in the α(Al)solid solution; when the Sc content is in the range of 0.3%- 0.5%, only a part of Sc exists in the α-Al solid solution, the rest appears in two ways: one is that Sc and Al form Al3Sc which can strengthen the alloy, and the other,Sc interacts with Al and Cu to form AlCuSc phase.     

一种2050铝锂合金薄板的微观组织与力学性能

通过力学性能测试和微观组织观察研究了不同热处理工艺对一种2050铝锂合金薄板力学性能和组织结构的影响。结果表明:2050铝锂合金主要强化析出相为T1相和θ′相,并可能存在少量S′相析出。在T6态(175℃)、T8态(6%预变形+155℃)时效时合金具有不同的时效析出特征;相比于T6态时效,由于时效前预变形的引入,T8态时效时合金中T1相和θ′相析出密度提高,尺寸减小,其对应的强度及延伸率均提高,T8峰时效(32 h)时σ_b、σ_(0.2)和δ分别为531MPa、488 MPa和11.4%。T8态时效(155℃/32 h)时,2%~10%预变形均可促进T1相形核,2%~6%预变形可促进θ′相形核,过大的预变形(如10%)并不能促进θ′相进一步形核,但可显著抑制θ′相长大。     

含钪Al-Cu-Li合金氩弧焊接头组织与性能

为了探索新型含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金板材的焊接接头性能,采用氩弧焊接工艺对该合金的T6峰时效态板材进行了焊接.采用室温拉伸力学性能试验、金相显微镜和透射电镜研究了焊缝的显微组织和力学性能之间的关系.结果表明,在氩弧焊条件下,采用钪与锆、锰等多组元复合微合金化焊丝对含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金板材进行焊接,焊接接头的强度系数达到65%,拉伸试验断口发生在热影响区内,微量钪对焊接接头具有晶粒细化强化作用和直接析出强化作用.     

Effect of minor Sc and Zr on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy

1 Introduction The microstructure and properties of aluminium alloys are strongly affected by adding small quantities of scandium. Minor Sc may improve the temperature of recrystallization and fracture toughness, decrease the sensitivity of stress corrosi…     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mn alloy with La and Sm addition

The effect of single addition of La or Sm on the microstructures and mechanical properties of an Al-Cu-Mn alloy were investigated by microstructure characterization and tensile test.The results show that addition of La or Sm into the Al-Cu-Mn alloy can remarkably increase the density of θ' phase and refine the microstructure,and thus,improves the mechanical properties at room temperature.La addition results in a more considerable increase in the density and refinement of θ' phase than Sm addition.La addition has a more significant contribution on the mechanical properties of the Al-Cu-Mn alloy than Sm addition.in addition,a new phase of Al6Cu6La is formed in the Al-Cu-Mn alloy with La addition.     

钪对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金组织性能的影响

研究了微量钪对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金组织性能的影响,钪在铝合金中主要以2种形式的化合物存在,一种是合金凝固时从熔体中析出的一次Al3（Sc,Zr）相,另一种是合金铸锭均匀化时析出的二次Al3（Sc,Zr）相,前者是α（Al）晶粒细化剂,有效细化铸态晶粒,而二次Al3（Sc,Zr）粒子强烈钉扎晶粒内位错及亚晶界,有效阻止热轧、退火或固溶处理过程中合金再结晶.钪是产生强烈析出强化效应的合金元素,含0.30%Sc的Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金的抗拉强度和延性显著高于不加钪的铝合金.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg based alloys containing minor scandium and zirconium

1　INTRODUCTIONAddingofminorMn ,Cr ,Ti,B ,Zr ,Sc ,Agintoaluminumalloyscanremarkablychangethemi crostructuresandpropertiesofaluminumalloys[18] .Amongthem ,theeffectofminorScandZrhasre ceivedspecialattention .Onthe 1stInternationalScandiumConferenceheldinMoscowin 1994 ,Rus sianmetallurgistsdescribedtheapplicationprospectofaluminumalloyscontainingScinaerospace ,aviation ,warshipsandnuclearindustry ,whichhasstimulatedmanyindustrialcountries’researchinterestinthiskindofalloys .Atpresent…     

Effect of Sc and Zr on microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast Al-Mg-Si-Mn alloys

Microstructures of as-cast Al-Mg-Si-Mn alloys with and without Sc and Zr were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersion spectrum analysis. Addition of 0.2%-0.4% Sc can refine the grain size and change the growth morphology from dendritic to fine equi-axial crystal. The higher the addition of Sc, the finer the as-cast grain size. The tensile strength is increased by more than 30% with 0.4% Sc. Moreover, an addition of 0.1%-0.2% Zr is able to refine grain size and change the growth morphology from dendritic to equi-axial grain too, but less effective. However, Zr is found to increase the ductility of the cast alloys, and the elongation is increased to 11.97% with 0.2% Zr.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of a welded CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy

The response of the CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy to weld thermal cycles was investigated to determine its applicability as an engineering structural material. Two processes were used: high-energy-density, low-heat-input electron beam (EB) welding and low-energy-density, high-heat-input gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding. Weldability was determined through comprehensive microstructural and mechanical property characterisation of the welds. The welds did not develop solidification cracking or heat-affected zone cracks. The microstructures in weld fusion zones are similar to that in the as-cast materials, consisting of large columnar grains with dendrite. The dendrite arm spacing and the extent of elemental segregation were less in the welds than in the cast ingot, and also were less pronounced in the EB weld than in the GTA weld. Compositional microsegregation between dendritic cores and interdendritic regions of the welds was insignificant. Both welds exhibited slightly higher yield strengths than the base metal. The EB weld possessed comparable tensile strength and ductility to that of the base metal. In comparison, the GTA weld maintained ～80% of the base metal’s tensile strength and 50% of the ductility.     

2A97铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊

文中采用不同搅拌摩擦焊接工艺参数对2A97铝锂合金的可焊性进行了研究.结果显示,接头抗拉强度和断后伸长率随搅拌头转速的提高而降低,随焊接速度的提高先增后减.在旋转频率为600 r/min,焊接速度200 mm/min时接头抗拉强度最高达到373 MPa,为母材的69%.FSW接头拉伸试验断口位置基本都发生在焊核(NZ)区.焊核区和热力影响区中沉淀相大部分溶解,只有少数存留,热力影响区沉淀相密度高于焊核区.     

添加微量Ag对高Zn超高强铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

探讨了添加微量Ag对高Zn超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.采用力学拉伸实验、能谱分析、扫描电镜和透射电镜等手段对不同热处理方式的合金进行了分析.结果表明:向合金中添加微量Ag会促进粗大相的形成,消耗合金元素Zn、Mg,对合金力学性能不利.在采用相同的固溶时效工艺时,加Ag合金的抗拉强度降低了近40 MPa.但另一方面,Ag可以提高合金的固溶处理温度,使残留的粗大相在更高的固溶温度下较充分固溶,降低Ag对合金力学性能的不利影响.采用高温固溶处理后,加Ag合金T6态抗拉强度与不加Ag合金相当,但塑性有所下降.在时效过程中,微量Ag会促进过渡相的形成,并提高GP区和过渡相的稳定性,但使合金到达峰值的时间延长.     

Effects of minor Sr,Sn and Sc addition on as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of ZA84 magnesium alloy

The effects of minor Sr, Sn and Sc addition on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of the ZA84 magnesium alloy were compared. The results indicate that addition of 0.1%Sr, 0.5%Sn or 0.3%Sc (mass fraction) to the ZA84 alloy can refine the grains of the alloy. Furthermore, addition of 0.1%Sr to the ZA84 alloy does not obviously change the morphology and distribution of Mg32(Al,Zn)49 phase. However, addition of 0.5%Sn or 0.3%Sc not only refines and modifies the Mg32(Al,Zn)49 phase but also suppresses the formation of Mg32(Al,Zn)49 phase, especially with the addition of 0.3%Sc. Furthermore, addition of 0.1%Sr, 0.5%Sn or 0.3%Sc to the ZA84 alloy improves the tensile properties at room temperature and 150℃, especially with the addition of 0.1%Sr and 0.3%Sc. However, addition of 0.1%Sr is not beneficial to the creep properties, and addition of 0.5%Sn has no obvious influence on the creep properties. Oppositely, addition of 0.3%Sc to the ZA84 alloy greatly improves the creep properties.     

固溶处理对喷射成形1420铝锂合金组织和性能的影响

对喷射成形挤压态的1420铝锂合金进行不同温度、不同时间的固溶处理。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和电子万能试验机对合金的显微组织和力学性能进行分析。结果表明:挤压态合金中分布着大量Al₃Li、AlLi粒子。经450 ℃×0.5 h固溶处理后可获得细小的组织和良好的综合力学性能;第二相颗粒基本溶入合金基体中,抗拉强度为377.47 MPa,伸长率为17.3%,晶粒平均尺寸为2.91 μm;合金的断裂方式为韧性断裂。随着固溶温度、时间的增加,裂纹起源于合金缺陷处,以穿晶的方式扩展。     

添加微量Sc对Mg-3%Li合金组织与性能的影响

用真空感应熔炼炉制备了Mg-3%Li和Mg-3%Li-1%Sc两种不同成分的合金。对Mg-3%Li-1%Sc合金进行了固溶和时效热处理。分析了添加Sc对合金组织及性能的影响。结果表明,添加1%Sc后,Mg-3%Li合金的晶粒细化,组织更加均匀,经200℃×9h时效热处理后,Mg-3%Li-1%Sc合金的硬度更高,综合力学性能得到提高。MgSc点状相在基体上均匀地弥散析出和晶粒细化是合金强化的主要原因。     

微量Sc对AA7085铝合金组织与性能的影响

通过铸锭冶金工艺,制备含微量Sc的AA7085铝合金。采用金相观察、力学性能测试、扫描电镜及透射电镜分析,研究添加0.3%Sc对基体合金的铸态及锻造态的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加0.3%Sc能细化铸态合金的晶粒,抑制锻造态合金的再结晶,最终提高基体合金的强度和断裂韧性;含0.3%Sc的合金抗拉强度达到562MPa,断裂韧性KIC(S-L)达到34MPa·m1/2。含Sc的AA7085合金的强化机制主要是Al3(Sc,Zr)相引起的细晶强化、亚结构强化和沉淀强化。