共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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固定化酶有许多优点,在许多领域得到广泛应用。明胶是一种大分子蛋白质,因具有优良的理化性质而应用广泛,主要包括食品、医学等方面。明胶作为固定化酶载体的例子也颇有出现,其技术目前已得到长足发展。本文介绍了明胶作为固定化酶载体的一些典型例子,同时对进一步修饰改善明胶载体性能的实验方法进行了综述。 相似文献
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吸附法固定化酶优点众多,特别是操作简单,载体种类丰富使其在固定化技术上占有一席之地.目前吸附法固定化脂肪酶已经得到广泛应用.介绍了吸附法固定化脂肪酶的研究现状,并对该技术的发展瓶颈及趋势进行了总结. 相似文献
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漆酶作为一种含铜的多酚氧化酶,可催化降解多种有机污染物且发生反应后唯一的产物是水。漆酶具有催化效率高、贮存要求低等优点,在酶催化领域得到了广泛的关注。漆酶固定化技术是通过物理或化学的方法将游离漆酶和相应载体材料结合起来。与游离漆酶相比,固定化漆酶表现出更高的重复使用性以及在温度、pH、储存、操作方面表现出更高的稳定性。结合目前固定化漆酶技术的研究现状和应用情况,文中介绍了漆酶的结构特征和催化特性,并综述了漆酶固定化技术和固定化漆酶载体材料的研究进展,指出了漆酶的固定化技术和载体材料目前存在的问题和未来的发展前景,旨在为进一步对固定化漆酶的研究和开发应用提供参考依据。 相似文献
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酶的固定化技术是酶工程领域研究的重点和热点之一,本文阐述了传统的酶固定化技术,并对定向固定、多酶共固、新型载体等前沿技术做了介绍,另外还对固定化酶的应用前景和发展趋势进行了预测. 相似文献
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一、引言 固定化酶的发展是固定化技术的第一代,完整细胞的固定化是它的第二代。如今,又发展到固定植物细胞、动物细胞、乃至固定亚细胞颗粒(如线粒体、叶绿体、载色体、微粒体)等。固定化细胞(IMC)技术自70年代问世后,发展迅速。它与固定化酶相比,有很多优点.①免除了从细胞内提取酶的手续,降低了固定化的费用。②酶在细胞内稳定性较高,因此完整细胞固定化后,酶 相似文献
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二维纳米材料具有高机械强度和比表面积、大量表面官能团、良好的亲水性及生物相容性,是固定化酶的良好载体。本文选取经典的氧化石墨烯(GO)以及新型的过渡金属碳/氮化合物(MXenes),分别介绍了它们的制备方法和结构、物理和化学性质,综述了它们在固定化酶领域的应用研究,并进行了比较。文中指出:GO由石墨烯经化学氧化再剥离制得,MXenes由其前体经刻蚀制得,不同的氧化或刻蚀方法制得的材料在组成、结构、性能等方面存在差异。GO表面的可反应官能团更多,包括羟基、羧基和环氧基,故在固定化酶领域应用广泛。MXenes固定化酶则主要利用表面的羟基反应或负电荷吸附,目前主要用于制备生物传感器。最后指出这两种材料还存在制备效率低、纳米片易聚集、循环利用性差等问题。今后的发展方向是要开发更为简单和安全的材料制备方法,探索更为有效的插层和剥离手段以及改善固定化酶的回收策略,进一步推进二维纳米材料在固定化酶领域的应用。 相似文献
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Ghanshyam S Chauhan 《Polymer International》2014,63(11):1889-1894
Nanogels are hydrophilic polymers made up of crosslinked nano‐sized particles. These nanogels have large surface area that offers several functional groups as reserves for binding drugs, generating biosensors and as supports for enzyme immobilization. This mini‐review is an attempt to evaluate the recent developments in the use of nanogels as supports in enzyme immobilization. Emphasis is laid on the effect of nanogel structure and immobilization protocol on the property profile of the immobilized enzymes as compared with their free counterparts. The prospective applications of the nanogel‐immobilized enzymes are also evaluated. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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α-淀粉酶在MCM-41介孔分子筛上的固定化研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用浸渍法将α-淀粉酶固定在介孔分子筛MCM-41上。考察了吸附时间、给酶量和pH对α-淀粉酶固定化性能的影响,并对固定化酶的活性、稳定性和载体结构等进行了研究。结果表明,在固定化时间为11 h,给酶量为70 mg.g-1,pH=5.9的条件下,固定化酶活性回收率可达48%。与游离酶相比,固定化酶的耐热能力增强,温度达到70℃时,固定化酶相对活性可达到75%,而游离酶只有14%;在pH=3.3~8.0的内,固定化酶相对活性为62%~100%,而游离酶的相对活性为5%~100%,固定化酶具有更宽的pH适应性;此外,固定化酶储存稳定性明显增强,并具有一定的可重复操作性,且固定后载体仍然保持了良好的介孔结构。 相似文献
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The preparation and characterization of polymer-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and their application in Subtilisin (Alcalase®) immobilization were investigated. For the synthesis of polymer-coated MSNs, acrylic acid (AA) and chitosan (CS) mixture were blended as poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and CS polymer layer onto MSNs via in-situ polymerization technique. Then, both uncoated MSNs and polymer-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (CS-PAA/MSNs) were characterized by taking into account properties such as morphologic pattern, size distribution, surface charge of the particles as well as thermogravimetric stability with SEM, TEM, Zetasizer and TGA analyses. Subtilisin was immobilized onto polymer-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles via adsorption technique. For optimizing the enzyme immobilization process, the percent enzyme loading depending on the matrix amount, immobilization time and pH were investigated. Then, the activity values of immobilized enzyme and free enzyme were compared at various pH and temperature values. The maximum enzyme activity was achieved at pH 9.0 for both immobilized and free enzyme. Immobilized enzyme showed more stability at higher temperatures compared with free enzyme. Furthermore, the operational and storage stability of immobilized enzyme were determined. The activity of immobilized enzyme was reduced from 100% to 45.83% after five repeated uses. The storage stability of immobilized enzyme was found to be higher than that of free enzyme. The activity of immobilized enzyme was reduced from 100% to 60% after 28 days of storage time. We concluded that the polymer-coated MSNs were a suitable matrix for Subtilisin immobilization compared to uncoated MSNs. 相似文献
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A method has been developed to immobilize lipase from Candida rugosa on modified natural wool fibers by means of graft copolymerization of poly ethylacrylate in presence of potassium persulphate and Mohr’s salt redox initiator. The activities of free and immobilized lipase have been studied. FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and the Bradford method were used to characterize lipase immobilization. The efficiency of the immobilization was evaluated by examining the relative enzymatic activity of free enzyme before and after the immobilization of lipase. The results showed that the optimum temperature of immobilized lipase was 40 °C, which was identical to that of the free enzyme, and the immobilized lipase exhibited a higher relative activity than that of free lipase over 40 °C. The optimal pH for immobilized lipase was 8.0, which was higher than that of the free lipase (pH 7.5), and the immobilization resulted in stabilization of enzyme over a broader pH range. The kinetic constant value (km) of immobilized lipase was higher than that of the free lipase. However, the thermal and operational stabilities of immobilized lipase have been improved greatly. 相似文献