PCR法检测大豆加工食品中的转基因成分

通过分子生物学手段,以聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术为基础,建立了检测大豆加工食品中转基因成分的方法。实验分别采用CTAB法和试剂盒(Kit)法对大豆锅巴、豆浆、豆奶粉、豆腐、豆腐丝等五种大豆加工食品中的DNA进行了提取,用内标基因Lectin对此两种方法的提取效果进行了比较,并以提取的DNA为模板,利用不同的引物分别对目标基因35S和NOS进行了PCR扩增和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。结果表明:Kit法的DNA提取效果优于改良CTAB法,上述五种大豆加工食品中均检测出35S启动子和NOS终止子,且均含有转基因成分。     

一种适用于大规模转基因作物PCR检测的简易DNA提取方法

近年来,转基因农作物的数量和种类大幅度增加,其安全性一直受到各国政府的重视和关注,转基因食品的检测也是各国贸易壁垒的一个重要方面.PCR技术作为—种快速、准确的核酸检验方法,广泛地应用于转基因农作物和食品的检测中.DNA样品的制备谜度和质量是PCR检测方法的限速步骤之一,本文改进了碱裂法提取植物DNA,并与SDS快速提取法及CTAB法作比较,用于不同长度片段的PCR扩增.结果显示:利用改进后的碱裂解法提取的DNA为模板可以稳定扩增出1000bp以内的片段,这是一种简易的适合于大规模转基因作物和食品PCR检测的DNA提取方法.     

转基因稻米DNA 提取方法的比较研究

目的：建立一种以水稻种子为原料,简便、快速、有效的基因组DNA 提取方法,作为转基因稻米的PCR 检测基础。方法：选择传统的CTAB 法、改良的碱处理法、高温水煮法,以转基因糙米、非转基因糙米、转基因精米为材料提取DNA,并对提取物进行检测。结果：改良的碱处理法提取的DNA 模板的完整性、纯度和PCR 反应方面与传统CTAB 法相近,且比CTAB 法的产率高、耗时短、成本低。结论：改良的碱处理法可以代替传统的CTAB 法用于转基因稻米检测中DNA 模板的制备。     

进口薯格中转基因成分的检测

目的建立了一种快速检测进出口食品中转基因成分的方法。方法本实验采用DNA提取试剂盒对薯格中的DNA进行快速提取,接着用实时荧光PCR方法对其进行转基因成分和品系的鉴定。结果通过对食品标签进行初筛,发现其标识成分中含有未标明的转基因成分。进一步对所含转基因成分的品系进行鉴定,确定薯格的外包裹玉米粉中含有多种转基因成分,包括转基因玉米TC1507、NK603、MON810、59122、MON89034等5个品系。结论本文方法可以用于加工食品中转基因玉米成分及品系的定性检测,也可以作为常规PCR定性方法的确证试验方法。     

玉米加工食品中转基因成分的PCR检测

通过分子生物学手段，以聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术为基础，建立了从玉米加工食品中检测转基因成分的方法，实验分别采用CTAB法（十六烷基三乙基溴化铵）和试剂盒（Kit)方法对市场上选购的玉米片，玉米面，香脆玉米角，窝窝头，爆玉米等5种玉米食品中的DNA进行了提取，并用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）方法对玉米内标基因Inverase进行扩增，采用凝胶电泳对结果分析，比较两种DNA提取方法的优越性，再对通常转入的基因构建元件35S启动子，NOS终止子进行扩增对玉米转基因成分进行检验，结果表明：试剂盒法对玉米加工食品中的总DNA有更好的提取效果，并得到一个适宜的扩增条件参数；5种玉米食品的转基因检测结果均为阳性，即都含有转基因成分。     

应用于转基因食品检测的PCR技术及其进展研究

正近几年,我国转基因食品在随着社会发展的过程中也在不断的发展,其中食品检测的PCR技术也在快速的发展当中。转基因食品检测是通过蛋白质和外源DNA两种有效的生物大分子进行着手,通过PCR(聚合酶链式反应)和ELISA(酶联免疫吸附测定)以及生物芯片技术。对目前常用的PCR技术进行分析和探究能够发现其中的优缺点。在现阶段的转基因食品检测环节合理的适用检测技术能够对最终的检测效果精准性有很重大的现实意义。     

植物源食品DNA制备方法的比较研究

目的：探索可用作PCR方法检测和鉴定植物源转基因食品模板的DNA抽提方法。方法：分别用改良CTAB法、SDS法制备黄豆、玉米、土豆和番茄及其加工产品的DNA，PCR扩增叶绿体基因片段及黄豆、玉米的内参照基因lectin和zein10。结果：改良CTAB法所得DNA作为PCR扩增模板，叶绿体基因片段及lectin和zein10均呈阳性，SDS法所得DNA作为模板时，部分样品内参照基因lectin或zein10扩增阴性。结论：PCR方法检测转基因食品时，应用改良CTAB法制备DNA模板。     

大豆及豆制品中DNA提取方法初探

为了满足转基因食品标签制管理的需要，必须从食品中提取DNA，并运用PCR方法检测外源基因的有无。本文初探了大豆及常见豆制品中DNA的提取方法，为转基因食品的PCR检测打下了基础。     

五重PCR检测转基因大豆

旨在建立一套准确、快速、可靠的用于转基因大豆检测及DNA提取方法;以35S启动予(Cauliflowermosaicvirus 35S, CaMV 35S)、Nos终止子(Nopalinesynthase, Nos)、NPTⅡ、CP4-EPSPS四种外源基因和大豆内源基因(Lectin)为检测的目的片段,建立五重PCR反应体系,并采用改进的方法提取DNA,进行PCR扩增,实际检测了已知转基因大豆和市售大豆;改进的DNA提取方法与经典的CTAB方法相比,提取时间至少缩短了1h,降低了提取成本.经过PCR扩增对五种外源基因进行了检测,经DNA测序证实了产物为目的扩增产物.转基因大豆的检出限为0.2%～0.5%.改进后的DNA提取方法能够快速提取用于PCR扩增的高质量模板,消除了PCR反应的抑制因子;建立的五重PCR反应体系能够高效、准确的检测转基因大豆.     

转基因食品的定量PCR检测方法

近年来转基因食品定性检测方法发展迅速,然而目前转基因成分(GMO)的准确定量检测在国际贸易中日趋重要.我们这里介绍三种定量检测方法半定量PCR法,定量竞争PCR(QC-PCR)法和实时定量PCR法.半定量PCR法比较简单,但结果不是很精确.定量竞争PCR的特点是含有内部标准子.近来开展的实验室合作研究表明,与定性PCR法相比,定量竞争PCR降低了实验室之间的误差.而实时定量PCR法可在提取DNA后3h内,测出每克起始样品的总DNA量及2pg转基因成分的量,但这套PCR系统目前价格昂贵.     

转基因水稻潮霉素标记基因PCR检测方法的建立及其在基因水平转移研究中的应用

为建立用于基因水平转移研究, 尤其是DNA经加工和消化后稳定性研究的针对转基因水稻潮霉素标记基因hpt（hygromycin phosphotransferase）的定性和实时定量PCR体系,设计针对hpt的上游通用引物多个片段定性PCR扩增体系,以植物叶绿体基因rbcl为内对照,PCR扩增产物经测序验证.将定性PCR中最小片段（236 bp）连接到质粒载体pUC18-pMD T载体上,提取质粒经验证后做外标.应用TaqMan-MGB荧光探针和引物,建立定量的外标校正曲线法,并评价方法的精密度.建立的定性PCR体系能稳定扩增出236 bp～910 bp不同大小的5个hpt片段,并经测序验证.实时定量PCR的线性范围为105～10拷贝（R^2=0.998）,最低能检出10拷贝,重复性好.本研究已成功建立了用于转基因水稻标记基因hpt基因水平转移研究的定性和定量PCR系统。     

微滴式数字聚合酶链式反应在食品安全检测领域的应用

微滴式数字聚合酶链式反应(droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, ddPCR)是一种新型核酸扩增技术,可对DNA或RNA分子采用绝对定量的方式进行分析。其结果具有更高的精准度、准确性和灵敏度,大大提升了数字PCR技术的可扩展性与实用性,促进了现代分子生物学在精准定量检测方面的发展和应用。本文重点论述了ddPCR法的技术原理、优势以及在食源性致病微生物定量检测、转基因成分分析、食品源性成分检测等食品安全检测领域的应用研究进展情况。     

Application of PCR and SYBR Green Q Rti-PCR Assays for the Identification and Quantification of Chicken Meat Under Different Cooking Conditions

Conventional and SYBR Green Q Rti-PCR assays using primers targeting the 12S rRNA of chicken mitochondrial genes were employed for the detection and quantification of chicken used in food stuffs. The assays were recruited to amplify different known concentrations of DNA in the mixtures. Different kinds of processed meats were prepared using various amounts of chicken that were heated at different temperatures in order to detect the chicken in the mixtures. The PCR amplification of DNA revealed that the assay can amplify the species-specific amplicons as little as 0.01 ng of DNA in PCR reactions. Different concentrations of raw chicken were detected based on the threshold cycle. The technique was able to detect from 5% to 90% ratios of the chicken materials in sausages. Analysis of the experimental meat mixtures revealed the usefulness of the assays in detecting and quantifying chicken mitochondrial DNA in the mixtures.     

Detection of genetically modified rice: a construct-specific real-time PCR method based on DNA sequences from transgenic Bt rice

Genetically modified rice varieties developed in China are close to approval for agricultural cultivation and production. However, so far no method has been reported for specific detection of transgenic varieties of this crop. In the present study, rice seeds assumed to consist of field-tested Bt rice (‘Anti-pest Shanyou 63’ and ‘Anti-pest Jinyou 63’) were used as reference material to determine transgenic DNA sequences. The transition between the cryIA(b) and cryIA(c) fusion gene and the nopaline synthase terminator (nos) sequence was used to develop a construct-specific real-time PCR based detection method. This Bt rice specific detection system was combined with a recently published quantitative real-time PCR method for the rice-specific (Oryza sativa L.) reference gene gos9. The complete PCR assay for detection of transgenic Bt rice was in-house validated and the limit of quantification was found to be below 0.1% Bt rice relative to the rice content. Application of the PCR assay should allow more precise detection of transgenic rice varieties in imported food products which are so far not approved in the EU.     

An event-specific real-time PCR detection system for the transgenic rice line 114-7-2 of producing functional human serum albumin

Transgenic rice 114-7-2 is a newly developed transgenic rice line of producing human serum albumin (HSA). It has attracted much attention because of its economic potential. This paper was designated to discover the integration site of the transgenic HSA rice line 114-7-2 and to establish event-specific methods for qualitative and quantitative detection of the transgenic HSA rice based on the border junction fragment. One gene fragment of 5′ flanking region was successfully isolated using the TAIL-PCR methods. The fragment sequence showed that a 454-bp junction fragment contained 75 bp of T-DNA sequence and 379 bp of rice genome DNA, which is located in chromosome 4. Event-specific real-time PCR method for HSA rice line 114-7-2 was established with the primers (HSA-F/HSA-R) and the probe (HSA-P) targeting the 454-bp junction region. The qualitative PCR assay showed the limit of detection was 0.01 %. In the event-specific quantitative detection method, the LOQ for 114-7-2 HSA rice was estimated to be 0.025 ng or 50 copies. The method developed in this study is highly specific, sensitive, and reliable for transgenic HSA rice sample detection.     

A cotton‐specific gene,stearoyl‐ACP desaturase,used as a reference for qualitative and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of genetically modified organisms

Biotechnology has permitted the modification of agricultural materials in a very precise way to improve productivity and yields. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based methods have been the first choice of most analytical laboratories for routine use in the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMO) and their derived products. These methods rely on the amplification of transgenic sequences and quantification of the transgenic DNA by comparison with an amplified reference gene. This paper describes the specific primers and probe for the cotton stearoyl‐ACP desaturase (sad1) gene, and PCR cycling conditions suitable for the use of this sequence, which acts as an endogenous reference gene in both qualitative and quantitative PCR assays. The two methods were tested with 18 cotton varieties and identical amplification products were obtained with all of them. No amplification products were detected when DNA samples from other species, including soybean, rapeseed, tobacco, maize, tomato, potato, cucumber, pea, red pepper, sunflower, sesame, rice, peach, banana, apple, pumpkin, barley and carrot, were used as templates, which demonstrates that this system is specific for cotton. In real‐time quantitative PCR analysis, the detection limit was as low as 6 pg of DNA, which indicates that this method is suitable for application to processed food samples that contain very low copies of target DNA. Southern blot analysis confirmed that the sad1 gene was a single copy in the tested cotton varieties. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

Development of an event-specific detection method for genetically modified rice Kefeng?6 by quantitative real-time PCR

The genetically modified (GM) rice Kefeng?6 has gained resistance against several rice pests by inserting the cpti and cry1Ac genes. As this transgenic line is not approved for import, processing and cultivation in the European Union (EU), sensitive and specific detection methods need to be available to monitor any illegal presence of Kefeng?6 in food products within the EU. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an event-specific detection method by means of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for the detection of Kefeng?6 in foodstuff. A primer pair and hydrolysis probe were designed according to the right border junction sequence of the transgene. The qPCR assay was validated according to the ENGL/EURL-GMFF guidelines for GMO testing and is presented according to the MIQE guidelines. The in-house validation process resulted in a limit of detection of 5 DNA copies of the transgene with confidence intervals (95?%) between 0.07 and 0.52, a PCR efficiency of 105?% and a correlation coefficient (R ²) value of 0.9997. The specificity of the assay was tested by end-point PCR, gel electrophoresis and subsequent sequencing of the PCR products. By testing DNA of several GM and non-GM crops, cross reactivity of the assay was not observed. Further, 35 food products were analyzed for the presence of Kefeng?6 by means of the event-specific detection method. For 9 out of 35 samples, PCR products for Kefeng?6 DNA were observed.     

Assessment of DNA degradation induced by thermal and UV radiation processing: Implications for quantification of genetically modified organisms

DNA quality is an important parameter for the detection and quantification of genetically modified organisms (GMO’s) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Food processing leads to degradation of DNA, which may impair GMO detection and quantification. This study evaluated the effect of various processing treatments such as heating, baking, microwaving, autoclaving and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the relative transgenic content of MON 810 maize using pRSETMON-02, a dual target plasmid as a model system. Amongst all the processing treatments examined, autoclaving and UV irradiation resulted in the least recovery of the transgenic (CaMV 35S promoter) and taxon-specific (zein) target DNA sequences. Although a profound impact on DNA degradation was seen during the processing, DNA could still be reliably quantified by Real-time PCR. The measured mean DNA copy number ratios of the processed samples were in agreement with the expected values. Our study confirms the premise that the final analytical value assigned to a particular sample is independent of the degree of DNA degradation since the transgenic and the taxon-specific target sequences possessing approximately similar lengths degrade in parallel. The results of our study demonstrate that food processing does not alter the relative quantification of the transgenic content provided the quantitative assays target shorter amplicons and the difference in the amplicon size between the transgenic and taxon-specific genes is minimal.