捣固焦炉煤饼高度与加热制度关系的研究

根据炼焦过程热的传导机理及捣固焦炉炉体特性,对捣固焦炉实施平台炉温管理,采用加热制度调整入炉煤饼高度方法,使焦炭达到均匀成熟的同时,提高了捣固焦炉产量。在一定温度范围内,升高标准温度,可提高捣固焦炉煤饼高度。生产实践表明,平台炉温制度和入炉煤饼形态操作法符合捣固焦的炉体特点,是一种具有实用性和推广价值的炉温控制操作技术。     

型煤与焦粉型焦粘合剂的研究及应用

探讨了型煤粘合剂的粘结机理 ,介绍了几种主要粘合剂的分类 ,重点论述了WIN -1型民用与锅炉型煤粘合剂、WIN - 2超微粉造气型煤粘合剂及WIN - 3焦粉型焦粘合剂的研究和应用情况 ,利用这些粘合剂生产的锅炉型煤、造气型煤、焦粉型焦等产品均达到了应用要求     

一种无烟煤型焦洁净生产技术

介绍一种符合国家可持续发展战略的洁净型焦生产系统－以无烟粉煤为主要原料的型煤竖炉炼焦技术,并对其社会效益和经济效益进行初步评估。该型焦技术是以无烟粉煤为主要原料（占70％）,添加少量烟煤及粘合剂生产型煤,型煤进入连续运行的竖炉炼焦,所产煤气经净化后用作焦炉及型煤干燥的热源。其炼焦生产全过程密闭、连续、焦化时间短、无污染,产品块度及挥发分等主要指标调整灵活。     

Factors affecting the strength of formed coke made from lignite char

Char made from narrow size fractions of lignite in a fluidized bed was briquetted at 140 MPa with various binder tars produced from the lignite. The raw briquettes were cured in air at 200 °C and then carbonized, usually at 925 °C. The tensile strength of the resulting formed coke could be as much as three times that of the best metallurgical coke, or as low as 2–3 MPa, depending on the type of binder used, or even a factor of ten lower than this if the curing stage was omitted. Curing is thus a crucial stage. Distinct optima of binder percentage and char particle size were found, giving maximum briquette strengths (≈ 13 MPa). A corresponding ‘strength surface’ suggested four factors associated with weakness of a briquette. Binders produced by air-blowing rather than nitrogen-blowing gave stronger briquettes. Fluidized bed tar was greatly ‘improved’ in this way, but Gray-King tar only slightly so, probably because the former contained more generally reactive species. Cured-only briquettes were usually surprisingly strong and carbonization increased this strength ≈ 1.5 times. Curing is considered to ‘fix’ the binder; carbonization changes the chemical nature of the ‘cement’ between the char surfaces but does not appreciably alter its spatial distribution. The carbonized briquette thus has substantially the same structural flaws as were present in the cured state and so has a strength closely correlated with that achieved merely by curing.     

Form coke reaction processes in carbon dioxide

Uncertainty in metallurgical coke supplies has prompted development of form coke from low quality coals and fines. Reaction rates have been measured and mechanisms identified that control carbonaceous briquette reaction rate in CO₂. Three briquette formulations were prepared, characterized and coked in an inert atmosphere at high temperature. A given weight of each formulation was then reacted in a packed bed with CO₂ at 1373 K for 0.5–2 h. Partially reacted briquettes contained a solid core with some internal reaction surrounded by a loosely adhering layer of carbon-containing ash. The reaction rate of briquettes with CO₂ was affected by diffusion of CO₂ through the bulk gas and the ash-carbon layer to the core surface, as well as CO₂–carbon reaction. Key variables governing briquette reaction rate included CO₂ mole fraction and briquette void fraction.     

Phenolic resin binder for the production of metallurgical quality briquettes from coke breeze: Part I

Phenol based novalac, resol and the blend of both resins were used as binders in briquette production from coke breeze. The effects of the amount of catalyst on the tensile strength of the cured briquette were studied. The results obtained have indicated that the highest tensile strength could not be attained unless the blend of novalac and resol was used as binder. The most suitable blend was the binder prepared from the hydrochloric acid catalyzed novalac of F/P = 0.5 and the N/P = 0.3 catalyzed resol of F/P = 2.0. When this blend was used as a binder the tensile strength of the cured briquettes did not drop even if they were carbonized at 470 °C and 570 °C. Their strengths at these carbonization temperatures were 67 MPa and 72 MPa respectively, and the rise in the temperature resulted in some increase in their strength. These results show the fact that as the formed coke briquettes descends from the top of the blast furnace, the rise in temperature will not deteriorate their strength; it will probably improve their properties. Therefore, only curing at 200 °C for 2 h will be sufficient for the briquettes to be used as substitute for metallurgical coke in the blast furnace.     

A self-reduced intermediate product from iron and steel plants waste materials using a briquetting process

This study aims to investigate the possible solution for blast furnace flue dust which generates from the Egyptian Iron and Steel Company by forming self-reducing briquettes composed of flue dust and mill scale with different mass ratios, used in electric arc furnace to produce steel. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the briquettes improved with increasing mill scale ratio in the mixture, whereas the reduction percentages decreased with decreasing temperatures. The addition of coke breeze fines to the briquette mixture (1 mill scale : 1 flue dust) improved the compressive strength of the produced briquette. XRD analysis and microscopic structure of briquette containing 11% coke reduced at 1100 °C for 2 h in isolated atmosphere, showed that the iron phase was predominate phase and the quantity of metallic iron increased.     

OCC工艺在宽幅焦炉上的研究与应用

根据宽幅焦炉的热工特点,在焦炉加热优化串级调控系统中（简称OCC工艺）．采用焦炉煤气加热单侧控制,用煤气主管压力进行炉温反馈调节,及与机、焦侧分烟道吸力相联动,实现焦炉加热全自动控制。实践证明,系统应用后焦炉炉温稳定、能耗降低、焦炭质量显著提高。     

Molasses and air blown coal tar pitch binders for the production of metallurgical quality formed coke from anthracite fines or coke breeze

The effect of the type and the amount of hardeners, such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium carbonate and nitric acid on the molasses bonded briquettes prepared from anthracite fines or coke breeze were investigated. Amongst the hardener studied the best results were obtained with 2.5% ammonium nitrate hardener. The briquettes produced with this hardener were highly water resistant but not waterproof and their tensile strengths were not adequate to be used as a substitute for the metallurgical coke. Therefore, the briquettes were prepared with molasses containing 2.5% ammonium nitrate hardener and air blown coal tar pitch blended binder. When the blended binder was used for the production of anthracite fines or coke breeze briquettes, after curing at 200 °C for 2 h, they became waterproof and their tensile strengths were found to be sufficient to be used as a substitute for coke oven coke. The briquettes after curing could be directly charged into the blast furnace without carbonizing them at high carbonization temperatures. Since molasses and coal tar pitch, are relatively cheap and readily available materials, the process investigated could be economical way of producing high quality formed coke.     

焦炉长结焦时间状态下的管理与维护

在焦炉不能维持正常生产时,一般采用延长结焦时间的方法降低生产能力.介绍了焦炉在长结焦时间状态下,从规范出炉操作入手,做好炉温调控、压力调控、炉体维护等工作.分析了焦炉长结焦时间状态下的控制措施与控制经验,对K均、K安、炼焦耗热量等工艺指标及炭化室高向加热等问题提出了建议.     

常规焦炉上的完全型煤炼焦

简单介绍了型煤炼焦技术在国内外的发展情况。分析了型煤炼焦的优点,包括提高了非主流炼焦煤种的利用量;在降低入炉煤水分的同时,缩短了炼焦周期,降低了焦粉产率。但型煤炼焦也存在诸多问题,主要包括炉型小且适应性差,炼焦过程中对环境的污染严重,产出的炼焦产品质量不稳定。为了解决上述问题,研究了常规焦炉上的完全型煤炼焦技术。介绍了该工艺的流程,重点分析了其经济意义与技术可行性。结果表明:完全型煤炼焦可以提高不粘煤的配入比例,从而直接提高焦炭产量。在降低入炉煤成本的情况下,提高了焦炭品质。     

炼焦新工艺述评

针对室式焦炉存在的煤源短缺,环保要求严格和产品竞争力下降等问题,阐述了无回收焦炉等炼焦新工艺的开发现状及应用前景。     

Properties and potential of formed cokes derived from two Turkish lignites by carbonization of binderless briquettes

Two high-sulphur Turkish lignites were briquetted at room temperature under pressures of 113 or 212 MPa and the briquettes were carbonized to 1158–1173 K over special heating cycles. The lower-rank lignite gave a formed coke of superior mechanical strength, lower porosity and higher sulphur content than typical blast furnace cokes. The formed coke produced from the higher-rank lignite briquettes had slightly poorer mechanical strength, lower porosity and much higher ash yield and sulphur content than conventional cokes. The products were considered attractive for use in non-ferrous metallurgy.     

焦粉型球的研制及工业中试

介绍了利用廉价的焦粉加入复合粘结剂生产焦粉型球代替煤气发生炉所用块焦的研制、工业中试和试烧过程。型球的配方合理 ,技术上可行 ,生产流程先进 ;生产的型球冷强度、热稳定性好 ,能满足人工煤气发生炉的制气工艺要求 ,生产的煤气组分及热值与块焦的基本相同 ,具有显著的经济效益     

减少焦炉烟囱污染物排放的RPR-SL技术

焦炉烟囱污染物排放量超标的一个重要原因是炭化室的荒煤气通过炉墙的微细裂纹向燃烧室窜漏。因此,在焦炉长期生产过程中,保持炉体的严密性是使焦炉保持环保达标的重要条件。RPR-SL技术是一种焦炉炭化室的"精细维修"技术,能有效消除炉墙上可能产生荒煤气窜漏的微细裂纹,是减少焦炉烟囱污染物排放的源头治理技术。     

型煤型焦与城市煤气

本文介绍了一些工业发达国家型煤、型焦研究的最新成果,结合我国煤炭资源特点,提出了在我国城市煤气一些生产工艺过程中,应用型煤、型焦的设想,并对型煤、型焦的化学、物理性能进行了具体限定。     

Study and Application of Sealing Material for Coke Oven Chamber

1IntroductionSome coke ovens have been in operation for over20years in Baosteel,cracks and leaks are found in thesilica brick walls and roofs of coke oven.The existenceof cracks causes the emission of smoke from ovens,which may probably affect the service life of oven.Thewall surface is often destroyed by the extension ofcracks,resulting in eventual shutdown of the oven.Inorder to obtain stable coke oven operation over a longterm,many kinds of repair techniques,such as hot re-pairing,gunning,…     

煤调湿在捣固炼焦中的应用

随着捣固炼焦大型化的推进,煤饼的成型率越来越受到人们的关注,而煤饼成型率的好坏很大程度决定于入炉煤的水分控制。利用烟道气的热量及适当的外加热源进行煤调湿,可以提高煤饼成型率,增加焦炭产量,有效地降低回炉煤气量、减小污水及CO2的排放量。     

Coking behaviour of coals recovered from slurry pipelines using a selective agglomeration technique

The coking behaviour of coking coals after transport in experimental slurry pipelines and recovery from the slurry by oil agglomeration has been studied using a 100 kg test coke oven. It was shown that excellent quality coke could be made, in some cases stronger than would be produced from the same coals after conventional preparation. The improved coke strength was due to the fine grinding of the coals which was a characteristic of the agglomeration technique. The presence of diesel oil or kerosene had a retarding effect on heat transfer and in some conditions decreased coke oven productivity. Normal productivity was observed when tar was used as the agglomeration agent.A two-step process with recovery and re-use of oil is suggested and the potential improvement in yields of blast furnace coke per tonne of raw coal are presented.     

6．25m捣固焦炉的技术特点及工艺分析

唐山佳华6．25m捣固焦炉在治理装煤烟尘外逸的设计中,采用将装煤饼时产生的烟气导入相邻炭化室．焦炉上升管移至焦侧等措施,使焦炉投产后达到炉顶零泄漏、机侧基本无烟气外泄的良好效果。在工艺设计上注重了炉体加热的均匀性与炉体强度的安全性,以及对煤饼的稳定性和护炉铁件强度等问题。在焦炉机械配置和形式上突破了国内原有的模式,采用了全新可靠的现代化设计与制造,保证了6．25m大型捣固焦炉的顺利投产。