中水浮拱浮力舱的结构强度分析

针对浅水动态柔性管/缆系统的附件——中水浮拱的浮力舱,介绍其结构特点和功能等,并给出其基本参数;用ANSYS分析浮力舱结构强度,得到壁厚变化对浮力舱的强度和质量影响的一般规律;研究浮力舱在破舱后对中水浮拱整体功能的影响;总结内部隔板与外舱体连接处的倒角半径和浮力舱应力变化曲线,给出最佳倒角半径范围.研究结果可以提高中水浮拱的安全可靠性和设计水平.     

ZigBee无线传感器网络在瓦斯监测系统中的应用

为了提高矿井下瓦斯检测系统的安全性和稳定性,采用了基于ZigBee的无线通信技术和基于DEEH算法的无线传感器网络,以CC2430为传感器节点,设计了瓦斯浓度监测系统。实验结果表明,该系统完全符合瓦斯浓度监测的要求,可以有效地减少事故的发生,降低人员的伤亡.     

石油类危化品实时巡检系统

提出了基于GIS、GPS、GPRS和无线传感网络技术的石油类危险化学品油气管道监控系统结构及该系统的软件架构和功能设计.该系统利用无线传感网络、GPS和GPRS技术对油气管道进行实时跟踪巡检预警,利用地理信息系统实现对石油类危险化学品查询、综合分析、动态管理等功能,从而为石油类危险化学品安全监测提供科学依据,对减少事故发生或伤亡损失具有重要的现实意义.     

Psychophysiological evaluation of seafarers to improve training in maritime virtual simulator

Over the years, safety in maritime industries has been reinforced by many state-of-the-art technologies. However, the accident rate hasn’t dropped significantly with the advanced technology onboard. The main cause of this phenomenon is human errors which drive researchers to study human factors in the maritime domain. One of the key factors that contribute to human performance is their mental states such as cognitive workload and stress. In this paper, we propose and implement an Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based psychophysiological evaluation system to be used in maritime virtual simulators for monitoring, training and assessing the seafarers. The system includes an EEG processing part, visualization part, and an evaluation part. By using the processing part of the system, different brain states including cognitive workload and stress can be identified from the raw EEG data recorded during maritime exercises in the simulator. By using the visualization part, the identified brain states, raw EEG signals, and videos recorded during the maritime exercises can be synchronized and displayed together. By using the evaluation part of the system, an indicative recommendation on “pass”, “retrain”, or “fail” of the seafarers’ performance can be obtained based on the EEG-based cognitive workload and stress recognition. Detailed analysis of the demanding events in the maritime tasks is provided by the system for each seafarer that could be used to improve their training. A case study is presented using the proposed system. EEG data from 4 pilots were recorded when they were performing maritime tasks in the simulator. The data are processed and evaluated. The results show that one pilot gets a “pass” recommendation, one pilot gets a “retrain” recommendation, and the other two get “fail” results regarding their performance in the simulator.     

Bayesian network model of maritime safety management

This paper presents a model of maritime safety management and its subareas. Furthermore, the paper links the safety management to the maritime traffic safety indicated by accident involvement, incidents reported by Vessel Traffic Service and the results from Port State Control inspections. Bayesian belief networks are applied as the modeling technique and the model parameters are based on expert elicitation and learning from historical data. The results from this new application domain of a Bayesian network based expert system suggest that, although several its subareas are functioning properly, the current status of the safety management on vessels navigating in the Finnish waters has room for improvement; the probability of zero poor safety management subareas is only 0.13. Furthermore, according to the model a good IT system for the safety management is the strongest safety-management related signal of an adequate overall safety management level. If no deficiencies have been discovered during a Port State Control inspection, the adequacy of the safety management is almost twice as probable as without knowledge on the inspection history. The resulted model could be applied to performing several safety management related queries and it thus provides support for maritime safety related decision making.     

地震震害评估系统的设计与实现

结合地理信息技术与震害评估模型,研究了如何对损失结果进行快速的评估计算。简要介绍了基于GIS的地震震害评估系统的设计思路,给出基于四层结构的系统体系架构以及系统功能设计等内容。以人员伤亡评估模型为例,讲解如何综合运用经济损失、人员伤亡、强震等震线等专家模型,对损失结果进行快速评估和动态修正,为抗震减灾决策人员提供支持。     

Modelling arrival control in a vessel traffic management system

Maritime traffic is a distributed, self-organising system. When resources are abundant, this has proven to be successful. However, near ports navigation space becomes limited, decreasing manoeuvring space, which has a negative effect on efficiency and safety. This article discusses how arrival management, realising efficiency and safety, can be modelled in the maritime domain using a functional approach. This management system needs to fit the requirements set by the maritime domain: large mass, small safety margins, and complex ship control. The main focus will be on resilience to ensure safety at all times and on control to realise efficiency.     

贝类质量安全监管系统的设计与实现

为提高贝类食品的质量安全,通过分析贝类质量安全监管信息的组成,运用贝类电子标签技术和计算机组件技术设计了基于．NET的海水贝类质量安全监管系统。实现了贝类产品从“养殖场到餐桌”的全程质量安全监管,形成了完整的贝类从海区到市场的追溯信息数据链条,构建了贝类质量安全追溯数据库,保障了贝类食品的消费安全。通过模拟测试,效果良好。系统既为消费者提供方便的查询平台,又为管理部门对贝类质量安全监控提供良好的操作平台。     

软件安全性测试研究综述

近年来,软件安全性在保证系统安全、避免重大人员伤亡和财产损失方面起到了重要作用;然而在软件安全性工程中,软件安全性并不能完全依靠常规的软件工程方法和软件测评手段来进行测试;如何在工程中开展软件安全性测试仍然是一个悬而未决的问题;首先从软件安全性测试的发展现状入手,分析我国在该领域工程应用中所遇到的问题;然后阐述当前主要的软件安全性测试流程和方法,将现有的测试方法分3类进行描述,并分析和比较这些测试方法的特点;最后总结并展望软件安全性测试研究的发展方向.     

基于PLC矿井排水系统远程自动化控制

近年来,我国矿井在优化排水方案、改造排水系统及提高排水设备稳定性方面也做了大量的研究.随着煤矿安全生产要求的提高,井下排水系统的安全性与可靠性要求也随之提高.目前井下水的排放主要的人工管理的方式,具有安全无保证、设备运行经济性差以及人为不当操作造成设备损耗等弊端.因此,采用自动控制系统具有重要的意义.     

基于LMI的磁浮列车悬浮系统被动容错控制

磁浮列车的悬浮系统是具有多传感器、多控制器的复杂非线性系统,其运行环境十分复杂.一旦发生故障或失效就有可能造成人员伤亡或财产损失.为了提高悬浮系统的安全性和可靠性,针对磁浮列车悬浮系统的电磁铁或功率放大器等执行器故障进行了容错控制问题的研究.在建立磁浮列车悬浮控制系统模型的基础上,从被动容错控制角度出发,采用LMI(线性矩阵不等式)方法设计了悬浮控制系统在执行器故障条件下的容错控制器,并以实际对象参数为例进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明所设计容错控制器可以实现磁浮列车在故障条件下的稳定悬浮与运行,证明了将基于LMI的被动容错控制策略应用于磁浮列车悬浮控制系统的可行性.     

基于单元模态应变能和剩余模态力的结构损伤识别方法在某塔式桁架中的应用

为快速、准确定位工程结构损伤位置,有效提高工程结构安全性能和使用寿命,以某塔式桁架结构为研究对象,运用单元模态应变能法和剩余模态力法对其进行损伤识别.利用MSC Marc对该桁架完整结构和几种不同损伤程度下的损伤结构进行模态分析,通过MATLAB编程从模态分析结果中提取这些结构的模态参数,计算损伤结构单元模态应变能的变化率和损伤结构各节点自由度对应的剩余模态力,并进行结构损伤识别.结果表明单元模态应变能变化率和剩余模态力是有效和准确的结构损伤标志量.     

Structural system reliability combining the constraint of damage tolerance design

Many papers concerning structural system reliability under the constraint of statical strength have been published in the past 10 years: several preliminary papers combining this with the constraint of fatigue strength also have been published: however papers combining it with the constraint of damage tolerance design are rarely seen. The present paper presents a methodology combining fracture mechanics with structural system reliability theory in order to solve the panel reliability analysis problem based on the requirement of damage tolerance design. The panel under consideration is constituted by a plate and several stringers. Some illustrative examples are given. Based on the physical concepts and computational results some conclusions concerning the reliability and design are drawn.     

基于CRIO和无线传输的结构损伤主动监测系统设计

飞机结构损伤监测技术是确保其结构完整性、可靠性和安全性的关键技术。为了实现飞机大面积曲面结构的主动损伤监测，利用柔韧性良好的0-3型压电涂层复合材料和Lamb波传播距离远及对细微缺陷的高敏感性，基于CRIO(Compact RIO)平台和LabVIEW环境设计了结构损伤监测的软硬件系统。系统由激励探头、压电涂层传感器阵列、CRIO数据采集平台、WiFi无线传输网络、监测中心上位机及软件等部分组成，研制的压电涂层传感器能够较好地贴合于机翼等曲面结构，应用CRIO技术实现了测试设备的可重复配置与快速测试，无线数据传输能够克服大量传感器布置带来的布线复杂问题。将该系统应用于曲面铝板损伤监测模拟实验，验证了该系统测试信号的有效性和损伤定位结果的准确性。     

Optimum design,redundancy and reliability of structural systems

The need for structural safety under a variety of loading and accident conditions has focused attention on redundancy, ductility and reliability of structural systems. The concepts of component reserve strength and system residual strength, system reliability and system residual reliability and their application are described. Several different structural configuration examples are illustrated in which component sizes are optimized. Design models for extreme loading and accident conditions for both brittle and ductile models are developed. System design methods are recommended.     

A global non-destructive damage assessment methodology for civil engineering structures

This paper describes a potential methodology to continuously assess the safety of civil engineering structures, e.g. bridges, frames and offshore platforms. The proposed damage assessment methodology not only detects and sizes damage, but also evaluates the impact of the damage on the performance of the structure. The proposed methodology deals with two broad activities: (i) periodic non-destructive damage localization and severity estimation; and (ii) the assessment of structural safety based on the results of the non-destructive damage detection. To accomplish these activities, first an established methodology which yields information on the changes in localized sectional stiffness properties (e.g. axial, bending and torsion) from changes in dynamic properties (i.e. mode shapes and frequencies) of the pre-damaged and post-damaged structures is reviewed. Next, an efficient technique to directly assess the reliability of a structural system using reliabilities of the components of the structure is developed. The efficacy of the combination of the non-destructive damage detection and the structural reliability evaluation is demonstrated using pre-damage and post-damage modal data obtained from numerical simulations of a rigid frame.     

Virtual reality-based evaluation of indoor earthquake safety actions for occupants

Evaluations of indoor earthquake safety actions can provide effective guidance for occupants, and can be beneficial for reducing earthquake-induced casualties. Accordingly, in this study, a virtual reality (VR)-based evaluation method is proposed for indoor earthquake safety actions. Specifically, an indoor seismic damage scene is constructed based on the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) P-58 method and a physics engine, by which the damage and movements of indoor nonstructural components can be accurately calculated. Subsequently, a virtual body model is created, and a corresponding inverse kinematics (IK) algorithm is developed to accurately track the earthquake safety actions of occupants. Finally, a human safety model based on collision kinetic energy and fatal conditions is designed for quantitatively evaluating the effectiveness of earthquake safety actions. Taking an office room and living room as case studies, three earthquake safety actions (i.e., “drop, cover, and hold on,” “triangle of life,” and “run outside”) are evaluated using the proposed method. The results indicate that “drop, cover, and hold on” is the safest action in most earthquake scenarios. The outcomes of this study can be used to rate the effectiveness of various earthquake safety actions, and to support occupant safety decision-making.     

三级医院信息化等级保护方案研究

医院计算机网络是通讯、办公自动化的载体,其畅通与稳定具有重要意义。近年来各种安全事故层出不穷,给 医院的正常运营造成了潜在的不可低估的损失。信息安全不是单纯的技术问题,需要在采用安全技术和产品的同时,重视安 全管理,不断完善各类安全管理规章制度和操作规程,全面提高安全管理水平。     

同相逆并联结构在孤岛模式下的谐波电流抑制

同相逆并联作为一种常见的整流结构,已广泛应用在大功率电解工业当中,在此类生产活动中,整流装置需输出持续、稳定、强大的直流电以保持工艺参数的稳定性,一旦系统中出现故障使整流装置退出运行,将会给生产带来巨大的损失。该文聚焦于同相逆并联结构在孤岛模式下的谐波分布特性,讨论了击穿故障的发生,分析了传统谐波抑制手段面对孤岛模式时的不足和问题,并提出了同相逆并联在孤岛模式下的谐波电流抑制策略。     

基于网格环境下的安全隐患评估模型研究

企业的安全生产是十分重要的,而安全隐患几乎存在于任何职业和企业里,为了减少人员伤亡、伤害以及财产的损失,这就需要加大安全隐患排除力度,切实有效地为事故发生做好预防。根据以上问题,本文提出了一种安全隐患评估模型,该方法是将网格环境中的相关内容引入安全隐患评估模型中,通过初期的人工自学习阶段后,使其能智能选取评估方法对生产数据进行安全隐患的评估,进而提高安全隐患评估的工作效率,所以建立一个能有效控制危险有害因素的安全隐患评估模型是十分必要的。