体部伽玛刀联合热化疗治疗中晚期肝癌25例临床观察

目的探讨利用体部伽玛刀联合全身热化疗和微量泵化疗对中晚期原发性肝癌进行综合治疗的疗效。方法入院后经检查无全身热疗及化疗禁忌症晚期肝癌患者25例,全身热疗时予氟尿嘧啶1g、羟基喜树碱10mg、奥沙利铂100mg;以后予奥沙利铂100mg/d,8d,静脉滴注;热化疗后第2d起予氟尿嘧啶0.25g/d,14d;羟基喜树碱2mg/d,9d。热化疗3d后进行体部伽玛刀治疗,50～65%的等剂量曲线包绕计划靶区PTV,单次剂量3.2～4.0Gy,10～12次,总剂量为36～44Gy。其中化疗泵治疗间隔2周重复,共4～6周期;全身热疗1～3次,于每次化疗第1天进行。热化疗及伽玛刀治疗结束后分别观察不良反应和近期疗效。结果部分缓解(PR)20例;1年局部病变无进展率为56%(14/25)。1年生存率为76%(19/25),2年生存率40%(10/25)。全身热疗中6例出现下肢或腹部局部皮肤红斑,2例出现小水泡;肝脏急性不良反应Ⅰ级1例。结论伽玛刀联合全身热化疗治疗肝细胞癌安全可靠,有利于提高疗效。     

钴60多野适形放射治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床研究

目的：探讨立体定向放射治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和放疗副反应。方法：采用钴60多野适形放射治疗系统（-刀）治疗58例（82个病灶）晚期非小细胞肺癌患者。50%等剂量线覆盖PTV,95%等剂量线包绕100%GTV,照射剂量以50%等剂量线作为处方剂量,单次剂量3Gy至5Gy,1次/天,5次/周,共照射8次至14次,总剂量30Gy至50Gy。结果：55例78个病灶根据CT复查肿瘤退缩情况确定CR为21.8%,PR为69.2%,总有效率为91.0%;临床获益率为76.5%;1年以上生存率为38.5%。结论：SRT使肿瘤局部受到准确照射,周围正常组织损伤小,近期疗效满意。     

氟达拉滨联合利妥昔单抗治疗高龄慢性淋巴细胞白血病

目的考察氟达拉滨联合治疗高龄慢性淋巴细胞白血病患者的有效性和安全性。方法应用氟达拉滨联合利妥昔单抗方案治疗11例患者,根据患者情况分次给药,25~30mg/m2隔日或每周1~2次静脉注射,或口服剂型10mg~20mg/d连续用药,观察患者应用氟达拉滨过程中及其后的不良反应及疗效。结果全组11例患者CR+PR为10例,其中CR6例,PR4例,NR1例。不良反应主要为粒细胞及血小板减少等骨髓抑制,未出现严重感染,无化疗相关死亡。结论氟达拉滨联合利妥昔单抗治疗高龄慢性淋巴细胞白血病具有较高的安全性和有效性。     

三羟异黄酮下调Ape1/Ref-1对放射性肺炎防护作用的实验研究

目的:研究三羟异黄酮(genistein,GEN)下调Ape1/Ref-1(apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1)的表达对放射性肺炎(radiation pneumonitis,RP)的保护作用及其分子机制,为防治放射性肺炎提供理论依据.方法60只8周龄C57BL/6J雌性小鼠,随机分为对照组(A组)、单纯照射组(B组)、GEN+照射组(C组)和氨磷汀(Amifostine)+照射组(D组).A组全肺假照射0Gy,其余各组小鼠8MV-X线全肺照射12 Gy,其剂量率为0.5 Gy/min.C组于照射开始前24h、16h、8h皮下注射GEN 200mg/ Kg,D组于照射开始前30min皮下注射氨磷汀100mg/Kg.照射后1、3、7、14、28、56天,HE、Masson染色观察小鼠肺组织病理改变和胶原纤维沉积;以流式细胞术分析三羟异黄酮联合放疗对A549细胞内ROS含量的影响;用westernblot法分析Ape1/Ref-1表达变化;以EMSA法检测三羟异黄酮对放射性肺损伤小鼠及A549细胞NF-⒘B表达的影响;ELISA方法测定照射2周后小鼠血清及肺泡灌洗液中的IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、TGFβ1含量变化.结果三羟异黄酮能显著减轻照射后小鼠肺组织炎性/纤维素样渗出,明显降低A549细胞胞内ROS的表达(P＜0.05),下调放疗所致的APE1蛋白及NF-KB表达的升高(P＜0.05),进而降低小鼠血清及肺泡灌洗液中的IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、TGFβ1的表达水平(P＜0.05).结论:三羟异黄酮可降低放疗诱导的Ape1/Ref-1表达的早期升高,有效地降低炎性因子的表达,减轻肺组织的炎症,对放射性肺炎具有防护作用.     

伊班膦酸钠分别联合放疗和化疗治疗骨转移癌的临床评价

目的:比较伊班膦酸钠分别联合放疗和化疗治疗骨转移癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法:90例患者随机分为两组,伊班膦酸钠 放疗组(联合放疗组)45例,伊班膦酸钠 化疗组(联合化疗组)45例。采用伊班膦酸钠6mg加入生理盐水500mL静滴4h以上,每4周重复,每例病人应用4~6次。放疗方法骨转移灶剂量为30~40Gy/2~3周,化疗根据原发肿瘤类型选择相应方案。结果:联合放疗组和联合化疗组1、3、6月疼痛缓解率、骨转移灶有效率分别为91.1%、86.7%、82.1%;84,4%、82.2%、82.9%和40.0%、48.9%、59.0%;37.8%、44.4%、61.0%。两组比较P>0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论:伊班膦酸钠分别联合放疗和化疗治疗骨转移癌的疗效相似,毒副作用可以耐受。     

垂体腺瘤放射治疗的长期疗效分析(附96例报道)

目的:评价垂体腺瘤患者接受常规放射治疗后的长期疗效和毒性;探讨影响疗效的因素.方法:从1988年1月到1998年1月共收治96例垂体腺瘤患者行常规放射冶疗.44例分泌激素,52例不分泌激素,73例为术后放射冶疗,23例为复发放射治疗;50例采用钴60γ线照射,46例采用6MV X线照射;平均照射剂量45Gy(43.2Gy至50.0Gy);全组中位随访时间6.5年(0.8年至20.0年),存活患者中位随访时间6.1年(2.0年至20.0年).结果:全组尤功能性腺瘤和功能性腺瘤10年局控率分别为96.2%和72.7%(P=0.001),10年疾病专项生存率(CSS)分别为94.2%和88.6%(P=0.319),10年总生存率分别为69.2%和77.3%(P=0.395).激索分泌显著降低局控率(P=0.012);蝶窦受累降低10年CSS(P=0.039),CSS与激素分泌、手术范围、术后或复发放疗无明显相关.35例患者出现垂体功能减退:视力丧失和继发性脑胶质瘤各2例.结论:适当剂量的放射治疗能使切除不伞或术后复发的垂体腺瘤患者获得满意的长期控制率,严重并发症相对较少;激索分泌、蝶窦受累显著影响疗效.     

紫杉醇卡铂化疗联合放射治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌临床观察

目的 :观察紫杉醇卡铂化疗联合放射治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCL C)的近期疗效及毒副反应。方法 :3 2例局部晚期NSCLC患者 ,采用紫杉醇加卡铂联合化疗 (紫杉醇 13 5 mg/m2 ,静滴 ,第 1天 ;卡铂 3 0 0 mg/m2 ,静滴 ,第 2天 ,每 2 1天为 1周期 ,共 2～ 3周期 ) ,并与放射治疗 (常规分割 ,DT62～ 68Gy/3 1～ 3 4次 )交替进行 (夹心疗法 )。结果 :全组 CR2例 ,PR16例 ,总有效率 (CR PR) 5 6.3 % ,无严重毒副反应。平均生存期 14 .5月。结论 :紫杉醇卡铂化疗联合放射治疗局部晚期 NSCLC能提高近期疗效 ,远处转移有降低趋势 ,且毒副作用可耐受 ,值得临床进一步观察研究     

糖皮质激素联合小剂量三尖杉酯碱治疗系统性红斑狼疮的临床观察

目的观察糖皮质激素联合三尖杉酯碱治疗系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的疗效。方法36例SLE患者给予强的松0.8~1mg(kg/d),4~8周后开始按每周5mg减量,维持量10~20mg/d;三尖杉酯碱1mg+0.9%氯化钠注射液500ml静脉滴注,5~7d为1个疗程,间隔2~3周,共3~6个疗程。定期检测血常规、24h尿蛋白定量、血肌酐、白蛋白、免疫球蛋白、C3、C4、抗ANA抗体、抗ds-DNA抗体及抗SM抗体水平,比较治疗前后各项指标的变化。结果狼疮活动积分表(SLEDAI)评分由治疗前平均14.36分降至5.16分,24h尿蛋白定量、ESR水平较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05),抗ANA抗体转阴率87.5%,抗ds-DNA抗体、抗SM抗体转阴率分别为87.5%和83.3%。结论糖皮质激素联合三尖杉酯碱治疗SLE具有疗效高,不良反应小,价格低的特点,值得临床应用。     

冠心病患者支架植入术后氯吡格雷与不同质子泵抑制剂联合治疗的疗效比较

目的探讨不同质子泵抑制剂对氯吡格雷抗血小板作用的影响。方法286例在我院实施冠状动脉支架植入术的患者随机分为奥美拉唑40mg/d+氯吡格雷75mg/d组(146例)和泮托拉唑40mg/d+氯吡格雷75mg/d组(140例),连续用药30d,观察主要不良心脑血管事件。结果奥美拉唑组心性死亡、非致死性急性心肌梗死、紧急靶血管血运重建、脑卒中发生率分别为1.37%、2.05%、3.42%、0.68%;泮托拉唑组分别为0.71%、2.85%、2.85%、0.71%,两组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。奥美拉唑组主要不良心脑血管事件、急性亚急性血栓形成发生率分别为7.53%、1.37%,泮托拉唑组分别为7.14%、0.71%,两组亦无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组出血事件发生率分别为9(6.16%)和9(6.42%),差异无统计学意义(P=0.926)。结论冠心病患者支架植入术后采用氯吡格雷联合奥美拉唑或泮托拉唑治疗的近期疗效相近。     

氦氖激光光动力学治疗脑胶质瘤的实验研究

脑胶质瘤是中枢神经系统常见的一种恶性肿瘤,其发病率占有颅内肿瘤的42％,手术难以全部切除肿瘤,术后复发率极高。尽管目前趋向于“手术+化疗+放疗+免疫治疗等综合治疗模式,可疗效并非十分理想。光动力学疗法(PDT)是80年代以来治疗肿瘤的一种新方法。应用该疗法治疗脑胶质瘤的报道至今很少。我们应用自制大功率氦氖(He—Ne)激光器作光源,用血卟啉作光敏剂对接种G—422胶质瘤的昆明鼠动物模型施PDT治疗,对肿瘤体织小,部位表浅的瘤组织疗效较好,     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.