用于毫米波辐射非致命生物效应的94 GHz回旋管设计与实验

设计和测试了内嵌准光系统的94 GH z回旋管,该系统主要用于研究毫米波辐射的非致命生物效应。为了减少大功率高频下的回旋管壁面加热问题,选择TE+6,2模式作为工作模式。对于高阶模式,存在更多相邻模式,因此模式竞争会影响实验的稳定性和有效的可操作性。渐变腔已被设计为抑制单个腔中的模式竞争。另外,具有低衍射准光模式变换器的功率转换效率为98.54%。实验结果表明,回旋管输出功率为50.9 kW,效率为34.3%。对于非致死的生物效应研究,整体设计方案达到了预期的效果。     

毫米波经络效应机制建模分析——受激细胞谐振-扩散链(ECRDC)假设

本文结合针刺经络学说、电磁场理论和生理学的理沦,分析了毫米波辐射微弱能量作用于人体穴位产生的医疗效果.建立了受激细胞谐振-扩散链模型的假设,作为毫米波针刺效应的机理模型.用于分析毫米波无伤针剌的疗效和其应用.     

毫米波脉冲体效应二极管

报导了脉冲输出大于1W的8mm体效应二极管，给出了器件结构和参数设计及其电参数研究。器件最佳性能为36．5GHz下，脉冲输出功率1．5W。用于8mm脉冲锁相放大器中，获得了增益13dB，输出大于0．66W，带宽大于1．5GHz的结果。     

研究毫米波细胞生物效应的新装置

介绍一种研究毫米波酵母细胞生物效应的新装置．它应用锁相技术使输出频率保持长期的高度的稳定度（±１０ｋＨｚ），并配有确定场强分布（衰减变化达９位）的矩形辐照室，实现了对单个细胞场强作用的精确控制，并自动跟踪观察和记录了它们的生长参数．     

毫米波箔条长度及其误差分布

考虑箔条的缩短效应，用两种方法导出圆柱形箔条及其它形状箔条的缩短长度，并求出最短谐振长度，理论计算与实验结果一致，还讨论了箔条长度的误差分布。     

毫米波辐射下悬液细胞膜电压变化研究

根据有效介质理论,用Maxwell-Wagner等效公式计算细胞悬液中的平均场．然后基于时变场中单细胞膜电压第二计算模型,用场近似等效方法,建立了毫米场辐射下悬液中细胞膜电压计算模型．模型表明悬液细胞膜电压变化和毫米波的功率、频率、细胞半径、细胞排列及细胞的浓度有关。     

具有空间宽带效应的毫米波3D MIMO信道估计

在现有的大规模三维多输入多输出（3D MIMO）系统中,相邻天线间的距离可能非常大,这往往会导致电磁波穿过阵列孔径时出现物理传播延迟,被称为空间宽带效应。而大多数学者在研究信道估计时为方便通常会忽略它,仅仅有学者研究雷达系统时提到了空间宽带效应。而去年有学者将其引入到了2D MIMO毫米波系统中,本文在此基础上将其扩展到了毫米波大规模3D MIMO系统中,基于平面天线阵列的水平角和垂直角设计了一种新的信道模型,并提出了一种信道估计算法,仿真结果表明其具有良好的信道估计性能。      

毫米波鳍线—微带振荡器

本文介绍一种结构新颖，具有机械调谐功能的毫米波混合集成振荡器及其设计方法。振荡器由鳍线和微带线构成。以微带线作为输出端口。通过短路活塞的调节，振荡器有３．０ＧＨｚ以上的机械调谐带宽，带内输出功率大于７０ｍＷ。     

Mechanism of Thermally Biological Effects of the Millimeter Waves and Its Properties

We think that the thermally biological effects of millimeter waves are caused by the thermal motions of water molecules in the living systems, according to experimental fact that the millimeter waves can heat water, and the skin effect on the surface of the biological tissues arising from the millimeter waves. For clarifying this idea we studied the states and features of the liquid water and calculated the rotational energy-spectra of water molecules in the living systems by quantum mechanics. In fact, there is a large number of water which are polarized and have certain dipole moments in the living systems. This shows that the millimeter waves can interact with the water molecules. Through calculation of quantum rotational energy-spectra of the water molecules, we can confirm that the water molecules can absorb the millimeter waves with certain wavelength to generate the rotations of water molecules according to the principle of resonant absorption. One mechanism of the thermally biological effect of the millimeter waves is just a result produced by disorderly thermal-motions of the water molecules which are transformed from their rotation energy caused by the millimeter waves. Owing to the fact that water has a lot of biological functions and plays an important role in the living activity. Thus the heating waters by the millimeter waves can cause a lot of biological effects and phenomena in the living systems. Another mechanism of the thermally biological effect of the millimeter waves is caused by the Joule-Lenz heat arising from the skin effect of the millimeter waves in the skin layers of human beings and animals and membranes of cells which can facilitate the blood circulation in them. We finally study this effect. PACSnumbers: 87.50.Hj; 05.70.Ce; 87.15.He; 65.50.tm.     

On Causes of Biological Efficiency of Low-Intensive Millimeter Waves

The process of the ions transport through the biological membrane is considered. A role of air microbubbles efficiently mixing a near-membrane liquid layer in the presence of a temperature gradient is pointed out. These circumstances result in lowering an energy barrier height of the transmembrane ion-transport. It is shown that even low-level irradiation by the millimeter waves creates the temperature gradient, which is enough for effective mixing of near-membrane liquid's layer. It is demonstrated that a process of restoration an equilibrium air-distribution in the intercellar medium after ceasing the microwave irradiation proceeds according to the diffusion mechanism, i.e. rather slow.     

毫米波生物热效应的理论研究

从理论上研究了平面分层均匀组织人体模型在垂直入射毫米波照射下，体内电磁场、吸收功率、比吸收热、温度场及其分布，并对毫米波热疗机理进行了初步探讨。     

Mechanism and Properties of Non-Thermally Biological Effect of the Millimeter Waves

The electromagnetic features of biomacromolecules are foundation of interaction between the millimeter waves and living systems. Therefore we first reveal the electromagnetic features of biomacromolecules, for example, protein, DNA and lipid. Next we calculate the rotational energy-spectra of these biomacromolecules by quantum mechanical theory. The transitions of electrons between the rotational energy-levels can result in radiations or absorptions of millimeter waves. Thus we propose the mechanism and properties of non-thermally biological effect of the millimeter waves, i.e., the millimeter waves are absorbed by these biomacromolecules which can result in rotation and changes of conformations of these molecules, thus the energy of the millimeter waves are to be transformed as the mechanical energy of the conformation changes of the biomacromolecules, but not as thermal energy of motions of these biomacromolecules to increase their temperature. This mechanism is verified by experiments of conformation changes of the protein and amino acid molecules exposed under the millimeter waves. These rotations of conformations of these molecules can results in obvious biological effects. We study the features of the biological effects. PACS numbers: 33.20.-Eat, 33.10.-n, 78.30.-j; 87.50. Hi     

Absorption of Millimeter Waves by Human Beings and its Biological Implications

With recent advances in millimeter-wave technology, including the availability of high-power sources in this band, it has become necessary to understand the biological implications of this energy for human beings. This paper gives the millimeter-wave absorption efficiency for the human body with and without clothing. Ninety to ninety-five percent of the incident energy may be absorbed in the skin with dry clothing, with or without an intervening air gap, acting as an impedance transformer. On account of the submillimeter depths of penetration in the skin, superficial SAR'S as high as 65-357 W/Kg have been calculated for power density of incident radiation corresponding to the ANSI guideline of 5 mW/cm/sup 2/. Because most of the millimeter-wave absorption is in the region of the cutaneous thermal receptors (0.1 - 1.0 mm), the sensations of absorbed energy are likely to be similar to those of IR. For the latter, threshold of heat perception is near 0.67 mW/cm/sup 2/, with power densities on the order of 8.7 mW/cm/sup 2/ likely to cause sensations of "very warm to hot" with a latency of 1.0+-0.6s. Calculations are made for thresholds of hearing of pulsed millimeter waves. Pulsed energy densities of 143-579 µJ/cm/sup 2/ are obtained for the frequency band 30-300 GHz. These are 8-28 times larger than the threshold for microwaves below 3 GHz. The paper also points to the need for evaluation of ocular effects of millimeter-wave irradiation because of high SAR's in the cornea.     

Theoretical Analysis of the Biological Thermal Effect of Millimeter Waves in Layered-Dielectric-Slabs

The theory is presented for one method of determining the biological thermal effect of millimeter waves in microwave radiometry. It has been studied theoretically that millimeter waves propagation and absorption in a human body. The model is a plane straticulate homogeneous slab of tissues under the irradiance of normal incidence plane wave. It has been discussed by obtaining the electromagnetic field, absorbent power, specific absorption rate, temperature field and their distributions in the human trunk model. Also, the principle of thermal therapeutics of millimeter waves to cancer has been discussed preliminarily.     

The Effects Induced by Turbulence and Dust Storms on Millimeter Waves

Dust storms and turbulence consist of a random medium system, its effects on milimeter waves propagation are studied. Attenuation of millimeter waves, its phase shift and cross- polar discrimination are presented. Results show that dust storms mainly effects XPD and phase shift of millimeter waves, turbulence chiefly produces attenuation, in mediocre fluctuation.     

Nd:YAP激光照射犬离体子宫壁生物效应的实验研究

目的 :研究Nd :YAP激光不同剂量的组合对犬离体子宫壁照射后生物效应的差异。方法 :以犬作为实验对象 ,以不同功率、不同照射时间照射离体子宫壁 ,通过肉眼、光镜、电镜观察不同激光参数的生物学作用。结果 :Nd :YAP激光光斑直径 3mm ,作用于厚度 6mm的离体子宫壁 ,以热凝固效应为主 ,也有一定的消融作用。全层凝固变性的剂量为 30w、2s ;2 0w、4s;10w、5s。结论 :光斑直径 3mm ,作厚度 6mm的子宫壁凝固、消融时 ,以功率 30w、2s ;2 0w、4s ;10w、5s以下的剂量较为安全 ,可减少穿孔的机率。Nd :YAP激光的组织消融、热凝固作用与平均功率、照射时间成正相关。     

Nd:YAP激光照射犬离体支气管壁生物效应的实验研究

目的:研究Nd:YAP激光不同剂量的组合对犬离体支气管壁照射后生物效应的差异。方法:以犬作为实验对象, 以不同功率、不同照射时间照射离体支气管壁,通过肉眼、光镜、电镜观察不同激光参数的生物学作用。结果:Nd:YAP激光 光斑直径3mm,作用于厚度2mm的离体支气管壁,以热凝固效应为主,也有一定的消融作用。全层凝固变性的剂量为10w、 3s。结论:Nd:YAP激光的组织消融、热凝固作用与平均功率、照射时间成正相关。光斑直径3mm,作厚度2mm的支气管壁 凝固、消融时,以功率10w、3s以下的剂量较为安全,可减少穿孔的机率。     

太赫兹电磁生物效应及生物表征技术研究

太赫兹因其自身优异的穿透性和非电离特性受到研究人员的广泛关注。本文根据研究对象属性的不同,将太赫兹生物效应分为细胞膜的通透性、离子通道和基因表达三个层次的内容;又介绍了生物神经信号的研究进展;最后根据检测方式和信号处理方法的不同,将太赫兹生物表征技术分为太赫兹光谱技术和太赫兹成像技术两大类。目前,太赫兹生物领域的研究尚处于起步阶段,本文尝试较为全面的对太赫兹生物效应、生物神经信号以及生物表征技术等领域的成果进行归纳和总结,旨在为太赫兹生物方面的研究提供参考。