环境极低频电磁场对血液系统的影响

目的:探讨环境极低频电磁场对高校学生血液系统的影响.方法:参照《辐射环境保护管理导则》(HJ/T10-1996)对重庆某大学进行环境极低频电磁场监测,以监测结果为分组标准,将重庆某大学老校区学生537人设为观察组,以该校新校区学生516人为对照组.组织问卷调查了解血液系统相关疾病自主症状;采用全自动血液分析仪对两组学生的末梢血样本进行分析.结果:两校区电场强度和磁场强度均低于国际ICNIRP导则中相应频段的导出限值,老校区5Hz～ 1kHz频段电场和磁场强度平均值显著高于新校区(P＜0.05).观察组四肢无力发生率高于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组中性粒细胞、红细胞、红细胞压积、血红蛋白含量均高于对照组(P＜0.05),淋巴细胞计数、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量及浓度、血小板计数、血小板压积、血小板平均体积均低于对照组(P＜0.05);其中居住年限(暴露年限)与红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量呈正相关,与淋巴细胞计数呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论:相对较高水平5Hz～ 1kHz环境极低频电磁场暴露对大学生血象有弱影响,随暴露年限增加,红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量、淋巴细胞计数改变增大.     

螺旋藻及其复方对游泳训练小鼠红细胞形态、血红蛋白含量的影响

目的:研究螺旋藻及其复方对游泳训练小鼠红细胞形态和血红蛋白含量的影响。方法:运用扫描电镜和全自动血球分析仪研究螺旋藻及其复方对游泳训练小鼠红细胞形态和血红蛋白含量的影响。结果:运动组小鼠红细胞畸形率显著高于正常组、单味组和复方组(P<0 01);单味组小鼠红细胞畸形率高于正常组和复方组(P<0 01);复方组与正常组小鼠红细胞畸形率无显著差异(P>0 05)。运动组小鼠血红蛋白含量显著低于正常组、单味组和复方组(P<0 01);单味组小鼠血红蛋白含量低于复方组和正常组(P<0 01);复方组和正常组小鼠血红蛋白含量比较,无显著差异(P>0 05)。结论:螺旋藻及其复方能显著降低运动小鼠红细胞畸形率,提高运动小鼠血红蛋白含量,且复方的作用超过单味螺旋藻,为螺旋藻复方的研制开发提供了实验依据。     

HPPH光动力治疗对鼠G422脑胶质瘤缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响

目的:探讨HPPH光动力治疗对鼠G422脑胶质瘤脑部及腋部皮下移植瘤缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响并和HpD-PDT做比较。方法:建立鼠G422脑胶质瘤、腋部皮下移植瘤模型,设立空白对照组、单注射HPPH 0.45mg/kg组、单665nm激光照射组、单630nm激光照射组、HPPH-PDT组(0.15、0.3、0.45mg/kg组)、HpD-PDT 5mg/kg组。单注射HPPH组、HPPH-PDT组和HpD-PDT组自尾静脉推注入光敏剂,24h后以波长665nm的半导体激光照射HPPHPDT组和单激光组肿瘤,功率密度200mW/cm~2,每光斑照射17min,能量密度为204J/cm~2;以波长630nm的半导体激光照射HpD-PDT组肿瘤,功率密度200mW/cm~2,每光斑照射20min,能量密度为240J/cm~2。于PDT后9d处死鼠,取肿瘤、肿瘤边缘、正常脑组织及血液,行酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)的双抗体夹心法检测HPPH-PDT和HpD-PDT后及对照组缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)。结果:鼠G422脑胶质瘤脑部及腋部皮下移植瘤,空白、单注药和单照光三组对照组之间缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达值两两比较,P>0.05,差别无统计学意义。不同剂量HPPH、HpD光敏剂PDT治疗鼠G422脑胶质瘤脑部移植瘤,HIF-1α、VEGF平均值,HPPH-PDT各组较HpD-PDT低,0.3mg/kg-PDT组、0.45mg/kg-PDT组低于0.15mg/kg-PDT组及HpD-PDT组,P<0.05,有显著差异。HPPH-PDT 0.3mg/kg-PDT组、0.45mg/kg-PDT二组值接近。HPPH-PDT 0.3mg/kg-PDW组、0.45mg/kg-PDT接近正常脑值,0.15mg/kg-PDT及HpD-PDT组稍高于正常脑值,但P>0.05,无显著差异,HPPH-PDT各组及HpD-PDT组值均明显低于对照组(空白组、单注HPPH、单注射HpD组、单665nm激光照射组、单630nm激光照射组),P值<0.05,有显著差异。各组肿瘤边缘的值稍高于肿瘤值,血液的值较肿瘤低,接近或稍高于正常脑值。不同剂量HPPH、HPD光敏剂PDT治疗鼠G422胶质瘤腋部皮下移植瘤HIF-1α、VEGF平均值,HPPH-PDT各组较HpD-PDT低,0.3mg/kg-PDT组、0.45mg/kg-PDT组低于0.15mg/kg-PDW组及HpD-PDT组,P<0.05,有显著差异,HPPH-PDT0.3mg/kg-PDT组、0.45mg/kg-PDT二组值接近。HPPH-PDT各组及HpD-PDT组值均明显低于对照组(空白组、单注HPPH、单注HpD对侧未治疗组、单665nm激光照射组、单630nm激光照射组),且P<0.05,有显著差异。各组肿瘤边缘的值稍高于肿瘤值,血液的值较肿瘤低,接近或稍高于正常脑值。结论:HPPH-PDT能诱导缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达降低,与HpD-PDT相比,表达更低。HPPH-PDT疗效优于HpD-PDT,本实验条件下HPPH-PDT 0.3mg/kg是较合适的光敏剂剂量。     

冠心病患者支架植入术后氯吡格雷与不同质子泵抑制剂联合治疗的疗效比较

目的探讨不同质子泵抑制剂对氯吡格雷抗血小板作用的影响。方法286例在我院实施冠状动脉支架植入术的患者随机分为奥美拉唑40mg/d+氯吡格雷75mg/d组(146例)和泮托拉唑40mg/d+氯吡格雷75mg/d组(140例),连续用药30d,观察主要不良心脑血管事件。结果奥美拉唑组心性死亡、非致死性急性心肌梗死、紧急靶血管血运重建、脑卒中发生率分别为1.37%、2.05%、3.42%、0.68%;泮托拉唑组分别为0.71%、2.85%、2.85%、0.71%,两组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。奥美拉唑组主要不良心脑血管事件、急性亚急性血栓形成发生率分别为7.53%、1.37%,泮托拉唑组分别为7.14%、0.71%,两组亦无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组出血事件发生率分别为9(6.16%)和9(6.42%),差异无统计学意义(P=0.926)。结论冠心病患者支架植入术后采用氯吡格雷联合奥美拉唑或泮托拉唑治疗的近期疗效相近。     

He-Ne激光照射的安全性

用功率为15～80 mW的He—Ne激光,以人的治疗剂量照射家兔,结果从所观察的各项卵巢内分泌和生殖功能的指标的变化,与对照组间的差别不显著(P>0.05)。观察各组剂量照射后的遗传毒性效应,结果各实验组的微核率均在正常范围以内,与空白对照组间的差别不显著(P>0.05),而与CTX阳性对照组间的差别极显著(P<0.01)。动物实验与临床观察一致,提示目前应用的各级治疗剂量均属于低功率,从卵巢功能和细胞遗传效应来说是比较安全的。     

HPPH光动力治疗对鼠G422脑胶质瘤各部位突变型p53蛋白和p16蛋白表达及与HpD-PDT对比

目的:探讨HPPH光动力治疗对鼠G422脑胶质瘤脑及腋部皮下移植瘤各部位mtp53蛋白和p16蛋白表达的影响并和HpD-PDT做比较。方法:建立鼠G422脑胶质瘤脑及腋部皮下移植瘤模型,设立空白对照组、单注射HPPH 0.45mg/kg组、单注射HPD 5 mg/kg组、单665 nm激光照射组、单630n m激光照射组、HPPH-PDT各组(0.15 mg/kg组、0.3 mg/kg组、0.45 mg/kg组)、HpD-PDT 5 mg/kg组。单注射HPPH组、HPPH-PDT组和单注射HPD组、HpD-PDT组自尾静脉注入光敏剂,24 h后以波长665 nm的半导体激光照射HPPH-PDT组和单665 nm激光组肿瘤,功率密度200 mW/cm~2,每光斑照射17 min,能量密度为204 J/cm~2;以波长630 nm的半导体激光照射HpD-PDT组及单630 nm激光组肿瘤,功率密度200 mW/cm~2,每光斑照射20 min,能量密度为240 J/cm~2。于PDT后9 d处死鼠行酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)的双抗体夹心法检测HPPH-PDT和HpD-PDT后肿瘤及对照组各部位(肿瘤、肿瘤边缘、正常脑组织)、血液突变型p53蛋白(mutant type p53 protein,mtp53)和p16蛋白表达变化。结果:空白、单注药和单照光三组对照组之间mtp53蛋白和p16蛋白表达值两两比较,P>0.05,差别无统计学意义。HPPH-PDT各剂量组及HPD-PDT组与空白对照组比较,mtp53蛋白表达值明显降低,p16蛋白表达值明显升高,P<0.01,差别有统计学意义。且接近正常脑组织值,或p16蛋白表达稍低于正常脑值,mtp53蛋白值表达稍高于正常脑组织值。0.3mg/kg和0.45mg/kg HPPH-PDT组与0.15 mg/kg HPPH-PDT组及HPD-PDT相比,mtp53蛋白表达值降低,p16蛋白表达值升高,P<005,差别有统计学意义,0.45 mg/kgHPPH-PDT组mtp53蛋白表达值稍低于0.3 mg/kgHPPH-PDT组,p16蛋白表达值稍高于0.3 mg/kgHPPH-PDT组,P>0.05,差别无统计学意义。HPPH-PDT0.3 mg/kg组的mtp53蛋白表达值低于HpD-PDT5 mg/kg组,p16蛋白表达值高于HpD-PDT 5 mg/kg组,P<0.05,差别有统计学意义。肿瘤边缘mtp53蛋白值稍高于肿瘤值,血液低于肿瘤值;p16蛋白值肿瘤边缘稍低于肿瘤值,血液高于肿瘤值。结论:HPPH-PDT能诱导mtp53蛋白表达降低,p16蛋白表达升高。与HpD-PDT相比,HPPH-PDTmtp53蛋白表达更低,p16蛋白表达更高。本次实验条件下HPPH 0.3 mg/kg是适宜的HPPH-PDT剂量。     

有源相控阵天线自动测试系统设计

针对现代有源相控阵雷达天线T/R组件测试通路多、测试数据处理量大、测试效率低的特点,设计了一种适用于大规模T/R组件测试的有源相控阵天线自动测试系统。该系统设计通过GPIB接口或以太网对VNA(矢量网络分析仪)进行访问控制与数据采集,充分利用了现代计算机强大的数据处理与分析能力,不仅解决了有源相控阵天线故障诊断与自动校正问题,而且还极大地提高了工作效率,节约了人力成本。实际应用表明:该测试系统工作稳定,使用方便,能够充分满足T/R组件测试需要。     

BOLD-fMRI对急性脑梗死患者初级运动区激活体积及强度的定量分析

目的:应用BOLD-fMRI定量分析握拳运动后对侧初级运动区(M1)的激活体积与激活强度,探讨正常人左、右手握拳M1区的激活差异,以及急性脑梗死偏瘫患者M1区激活的改变.方法对20名健康志愿者(正常组)及16名急性脑梗死偏瘫患者(偏瘫组)行握拳BOLD-fMRI检查,应用SPM5及xjView8软件得到全脑最大信号强度坐标分布,并使用SPSS19.0对M1区激活体积、激活强度进行定量分析.结果:正常组双侧M1区激活体积及强度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);偏瘫组健手与患手握拳M1区激活体积及强度差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);偏瘫组健侧与正常组M1区激活无显著统计学差异(P＞0.05),偏瘫组患侧与正常组M1区激活体积差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而激活强度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:BOLD-fMRI能精确定位及定量分析感兴趣脑功能区的激活体积及强度,是一种研究脑梗死后运动功能的有效方法.     

铬制肠线与丝线制作CCI模型效果比较

目的比较利用铬制肠线和丝线制作CCI疼痛模型痛阈变化的区别。方法将30只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为铬制肠线组、丝线组和假手术组,每组10只。铬制肠线组和丝线组分别用铬制肠线和丝线对大鼠右侧坐骨神经进行松结扎,假手术组只暴露右侧坐骨神经但不进行任何处理。建模后测量各组大鼠热缩足反射阈值(TWT)和机械性缩足反射阈值(MWT)。结果铬制肠线组和丝线组均能引起大鼠痛阈的降低(与假手术组比较P<0.05),铬制肠线组和丝线组间MWT无明显区别(P>0.05),铬制肠线组TWT低于丝线组(P<0.05)。结论铬制肠线制作CCI模型较之丝线制作CCI模型能引起更为明显的热痛阈降低。     

新型血管缝合器Starclose在老年冠状动脉介入术中的应用

目的评价Starclose血管缝合器在老年冠状动脉介入诊疗术中使用的安全性和疗效。方法204例老年冠脉介入诊疗术后患者,110例应用Starclose缝合器止血(缝合组),94例应用手工压迫止血方法止血(对照组),分别记录止血时间、下肢制动时间和手术相关并发症。结果缝合组与对照组的止血成功率无统计学差异(P>0.05);缝合组的止血时间及下肢制动时间明显较对照组缩短(P<0.01);对照组手术相关并发症发生率明显高于缝合组(P<0.05)。结论Starclose血管缝合器在老年冠状动脉介入诊疗中具有良好的临床效果和安全性。     

Implementation of a new adaptive slicing algorithm for the rapid prototyping manufacturing system

Rapid prototyping is an automated manufacturing process that quickly builds physical models from three-dimensional (3-D) prototype computer-aided design files. It dramatically speeds up design and manufacturing processes and substantially reduces the cost. This paper presents a new adaptive slicing algorithm for rapid prototyping (RP) processes. The proposed adaptive slicing approach determines the layer thickness based on comparing the contour circumference or the center of gravity of the contour with those of the adjacent layer. Most commercial rapid prototyping systems use uniform slicing procedures with a fixed layer thickness to build parts. To implement the adaptive slicing algorithm, we developed a thermal extrusion based RP mechatronics system equipped with a linear planar servo motor. The RP material is wax. The XYZ table is controlled using a PC based multi-axis DSP motion controller. The RP material flow rate for the thermal extrusion head is controlled using a dc servo motor and motion controller. The Taguchi method was used to analyze the process parameters for the proposed RP system to improve the quality of the RP part. Based on the experimental results, the proposed RP mechatronics system can produce good quality RP parts with the adaptive slicing algorithm. The proposed RP system also implements the high-precision exterior, high-speed interior slicing strategy for STL models.     

Human acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with HTLV-I virus and its infection in healthy populations from various regions of the USSR

Patients with various forms of hemoblastoses (328) and clinically healthy persons (530) were examined for antibodies to HTLV-I. The presence of antibodies was detected in 3 out of 40 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and only in 1 of 70 patients with lymphosarcoma. These data indicate that sporadic cases of T-cell leukemia associated with HTLV-I were detected in the USSR. Out of 530 healthy persons only 4 contained antibodies to HTLV-I antigens.     

Detection of antigenic determinants of the major structural proteins of various mammalian type C retroviruses in the leukocytes of patients with hemoblastoses and in healthy donors by the ELISA method

Using the enzyme-labelled antibodies it was shown that extracts from leukocytes of patients with leukemias and healthy donors contain antigenic determinants related to major virus protein of mammalian C type oncornaviruses SSV/SSAV, BaEV, FeLV and RLV. The highest antigen activity in patients was detected in the feline leukemia (FeLV) system, and the least one--in the system of murine leukemia (RLV). Common antigenic determinants of major virus protein of the viruses under study were detected in all groups of patients with haemoblastoses and healthy donors, but the amount of positive results was considerably higher in the group of patients as compared to that in the group of donors.     

慢性白血病Id4甲基化研究

目的探讨Id4基因在慢性白血病患者中的甲基化情况。方法采用甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应（MS—PCR）,对初发9例慢淋白血病（CLL）和18例慢粒白血病（CML）患者的骨髓进行Id4基因甲基化检测,以正常骨髓作为对照。结果Id4基因在正常骨髓中呈完全性非甲基化状态,在9例CLL患者中全部检测到Id4基因甲基化,而在18例CML患者中,检测到12例Id4基因甲基化。结论慢性白血病患者骨髓Id4基因发生了不同程度的甲基化改变,CLL和CML患者的甲基化发生比例不同。     

Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of lymphocytes in acute myeloblastic leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia

Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADC) of peripheral blood blast cells in vitro was studied in 16 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 6 patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (AMonL), and 13 patients with acute myelomonoblastic leukemia (AMmL). It was found that monoblasts have a higher degree of ADC activities with respect to target cells than myeloblasts. Functional differences between monoblasts and myeloblasts may be used as criteria for differential diagnosis of acute leukemia variants.     

ICO-1 monoclonal antibodies against the constant region of Ia-like (Dr) antigens

Mouse monoclonal antibodies ICO-1 to constant part of Ia-Like (Dr) antigens were produced. Hybridoma continuously produced IgG3 antibodies during 22 passages in vivo, more than 7 months in vitro. Antibodies specifically bound to 29.1 +/- 2.3% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy people recognized the antigen on B lymphocytes and 44.2 +/- 3.4% of monocytes. This antigen was absent on granulocytes and T lymphocytes. Using monoclonal antibodies ICO-1 antigenically positive cells were detected in 40 patients with B-CLL, in 12 of 35 patients (34.3%) with chronic granulocytic leukemia at the stage of blastic crisis, in 43 of 65 patients (66.1%) with ALL, in 14 of 38 patients (36.8%) with lymphosarcoma and in 17 of 30 patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia. The antibodies responded to surface antigens in the reaction of indirect surface immunofluorescence, complement-dependent cytotoxic reaction and radioimmune tests.     

Automated off-line respiratory event detection for the study of postoperative apnea in infants

Previously, we presented automated methods for thoraco-abdominal asynchrony estimation and movement artifact detection in respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) signals. This paper combines and improves these methods to give a method for the automated, off-line detection of pause, movement artifact, and asynchrony. Simulation studies demonstrated that the new combined method is accurate and robust in the presence of noise. The new procedure was successfully applied to cardiorespiratory signals acquired postoperatively from infants in the recovery room. A comparison of the events detected with the automated method to those visually scored by an expert clinician demonstrated a higher agreement (κ = 0.52) than that amongst several human scorers (κ = 0.31) in a clinical study . The method provides the following advantages: first, it is fully automated; second, it is more efficient than visual scoring; third, the analysis is repeatable and standardized; fourth, it provides greater agreement with an expert scorer compared to the agreement between trained scorers; fifth, it is amenable to online detection; and lastly, it is applicable to uncalibrated RIP signals. Examples of applications include respiratory monitoring of postsurgical patients and sleep studies.     

Determination of erythroid variants of human leukemias using monoclonal antibodies

Expression of erythroid antigens identifying with the use of monoclonal antibodies (mab) HAE3 and HAE9 was studied in 333 patients with different types of hemoblastoses. Frequency of erythroid variants based on the reaction with mab was 5.7%. In 2.4% of cases erythroid markers were the only indication on the nature of leukemia. In 2.7% of cases the types of leukemia were accounted for as "mixed" ones, i.e. erythrolymphoid and erythromyeloid variants. Only in 0.6% of cases erythroid variant was detected by the morphological criteria.     

微波辐射计在雷测数据折射误差修正中的应用

基于用微波辐射计实时测量反演大气折射率剖面的研究,并与施放气象探空仪直接测量的结果进行比对,结果表明微波辐射计实时测量反演得到的大气折射率剖面能够较好地反映雷达站所在地的折射率分布。将反演和实测折射率剖面应用于某次雷达测量数据的电波折射误差计算中,由修正量比对残差分析结果得出:将微波辐射计实时测量反演的大气折射率剖面用于电波折射误差修正是有效的。为微波辐射计应用于高精度机动测控雷达,提高测量数据处理的精度提供了理论和试验依据。     

ICO-10 monoclonal antibodies to the Thy-1 antigen

Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAB) ICO-10 to Thy-1 antigen were obtained. MAB ICO-10 reacted in indirect immunofluorescence test with 5.7 +/- 0.8% human thymocytes. Antibodies did not react with granulocytes, monocytes, T- and non-T cells from peripheral blood, and with marrow cells of healthy donors. MAB ICO-10 reacted with blast cells from 25 of 53 patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), from 2 of 5 patients with B-cell ALL. This antigen was absent on blood and marrow cells from some patients with ALL, 80 patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia, 54 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia at the stage of blastic crisis, 128 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Antibodies are specifically bound to thymocytes and spleen cells of Thy 1.1 and Thy 1.2 mice. MAB ICO-10 detect Thy-1 antigen expressed on human hematopoietic cells. MAB ICO-10 may be applied for human leukemia and lymphoma immune diagnosis.