“肥胖”弹响“肾脏损害四重奏”

在这个春光明媚的季节,人们脱去厚实的冬装,穿着缤纷绚丽的长裙短衣,尽情展示身材的曲线之美,无时无刻不在诱惑着人们的视线,而再美的服装都需要有窈窕的身材来作映衬, 这便是所有爱美人士不遗余力地在春季减肥塑身的原动力。从美学的角度看爱美人士减肥仅仅是为了有窈窕的身材、迷人的曲线;从医学的角度看肥胖除了给人带来生活上的不便之外, 就是肥胖还会给人带来高血压、高血糖(糖尿病)、高血脂、高尿酸等多种疾病。     

随性五月风 “2010春季男配饰”

五月是一个春光明媚的季节。今季,休闲设计风格的男士配件以更加明显且独特的样式呈现出来,在每件配饰中似乎都可以感受到男人的阳刚之气和不乏精致的细节之美。本季,休闲风主导潮流,可以在充满乡村英伦风情的领带中嗅到夏的味道、在朴素的围巾和运动感的大型包中体会着男士随性的真我性格。在粗犷的外形下,配饰细微的变化随处可见,与剪裁精良的衬衫搭配,处处流露出闷骚的气质。     

“中毒”在阳朔

如果你只能去一个地方放松自己的心灵,那么阳朔或许是你最好的选择。山不在高、有仙则名用在这里是最合适的。一条街、一条江、一曲山歌成就了中国最美丽的地方!这里的山是那么的清、水是那么的秀、石是那么的美、洞是那么的奇、歌是那么的甜。山水之间、洞石之间、人歌之间是那么的和谐。都市忙碌的人们在阳朔寻找着真实的自我,抛开一切的烦恼。其实,这里最让人留恋的还是它的美食——它能让你的口欲中毒,从此欲罢不能。     

八角茴香及其提取物莽草酸的研究进展

禽流感在全世界的爆发,中国传统香料八角茴香因含有抗禽流感病毒的重要成分,具有重要的药用价值被人们重视。综述国内外关于八角茴香的化学成分,药理作用方面的研究进展,以及八角茴香的重要成分莽草酸的分离提取及药理方面的内容,为开发和利用八角茴香提供参考。     

全球标签市场现状及展望

到2011年,全球标签产量将达到500亿平方米,年增长率为7%总产值将达1000亿美元,年增长率为9%左右.受全球包装市场扩张的影响,特别是特殊饮料、个人护理产品和医药产品的异军突起,全球标签市场的发展前景也将更加广阔.此外,随着世界的不断发展,先进的物流和数据处理系统在发展中国家的普及、尖端技术的开发和渗透以及增值标签功能的日益完善也将为标签业的发展起到重要的推动作用.     

HAVE A REST——欧宝卡车情景

正我对二战轮式车辆一直比较喜爱,而自己一直没有做过二战德军的卡车系列,在看了很多高手的卡车作品后自己也想开工一辆,我最终选择了制作一辆经典的欧宝3吨4×2卡车。欧宝卡车作为二战德军重要的轮式车辆,不仅产量很大而且根据不同的用途又衍生出了很多不同的型号,货厢版是最基本的欧宝3吨卡车,也是群众基础最好的一个版本,但正是因为做的人太多,对于我这种追求"个性"的人来说,做一个普通的货厢版无疑是缺乏吸引力的。为了让自己的欧宝卡车能别具一格,我查阅了一些欧     

俄罗斯冰淇淋的发展现状

介绍了俄罗斯冰淇淋的发展的现状、冰淇淋的产量、种类、生产冰淇淋企业的生产状况和进出口贸易情况,总结了俄罗斯冰淇淋存在的一些问题,并结合我国特点对发展我国冰淇淋的研发与改进,丰富我国的冰淇淋的种类等方面提出了合理性的建议。     

冯绍峰 八阿哥微博情

他曾经这样说:痴情的角色的确有一些就够了,我其实最想演的是混蛋,不过是善良的混蛋。可能他做的事情在普通人看来都是不好的,甚至有争议的,但他的内心和本质却是温柔善良的。我觉得这样的人物会更立体,有鲜明的特征,不仅真实也更有魅力。他是温文尔雅、风度翩翩的富家公子,他是痴情的年代戏第一小生,如今他又化身执著坚定的痴情阿哥。他是谁?他是冯绍峰。     

创意过节

年年岁岁花相似,岁岁年年人不同。又是一年春来到,新年的钟声敲响了。时尚人群早已厌倦了传统的过节方式,他们拥有不同的创意,不同的理念,不同的新鲜想法,让自己的每个节日都能过的更有新意。那么让我们在崭新的一年,用自己创意的过节方式来度过不一样的节日吧!     

影响香菇甲醛代谢的物质研究

过去的研究已证明香菇甲醛是由香菇子实体自身代谢产生的.影响香菇甲醛代谢的因素至今未有太多的文献涉及.通过向香菇子实体外部添加的方法,研究谷胱甘肽代谢途径的相关物质、含硫物质、生物信号分子及天然抗氧化物质等对香菇甲醛代谢的影响.试验结果表明:与谷胱甘肽代谢途径相关的物质均能显著地影响香菇甲醛的代谢.尤其是添加谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸和谷氨酸的混合物,可使香菇甲醛的含量发生极显著地变化;含硫化合物中仅硫酸钠可以极显著地改变香菇甲醛的代谢;生物信号分子NO及天然抗氧化物质VC也能使香菇甲醛的含量与对照明显的不同.     

Stuck in the middle with you: The role of similarity information on categorizing cultured meat

Cultured meat is a potentially successful future alternative to conventional meat if consumers perceive it as similar enough to conventional meat. This paper aimed to investigate how consumers categorize cultured meat after receiving information about it being similar to meat or meat substitutes.The first study (N = 130) showed that similarity information between cultured meat and meat resulted in the categorization of cultured meat as meat. This effect was not found for similarity information between cultured meat and meat substitutes. The second study (N = 200) ruled out that the name cultured meat influenced categorization. In contrast with study 1 similarity information between cultured meat and meat did not result in categorization, where similarity information between cultured meat and meat substitutes did. The third study (N = 152) suggested cultured meat was categorized as meat substitute, however, no evidence was found that providing similarity information between cultured meat and meat or meat substitutes influenced either categorization. Subsequent interviews within study 3 (N = 10) suggested that cultured meat overlaps substantially with the categories meat and meat substitutes and suggested that participants had difficulty to consistently categorize cultured meat. This may explain the apparently inconsistent results.The findings of this paper thus suggest that cultured meat does not effortlessly fit into the meat or meat substitute category.     

Consumers’ associations,perceptions and acceptance of meat and plant-based meat alternatives

The consumption of meat contributes significantly to undesirable effects on the environment. In order to reduce the impact of animal husbandry, one approach is to decrease meat consumption by substituting plant-based meat alternatives. Because the consumption of such meat alternatives is currently rather low, the aim of this research was to identify the barriers that keep people from consuming meat alternatives and increase the probability of future consumption. This was accomplished by exploring free associations people have towards meat and meat alternatives, comparing selected meat products with their respective meat alternatives using the semantic differential, and studying the perceived appropriateness of eating meat alternatives in different consumption situations. To achieve these objectives, we carried out an online survey with participants from Germany (N = 1039). Our results suggest that while meat is being associated with positive terms, meat alternatives were viewed more negatively. The previous findings that meat alternatives should be similar to meat with regard to taste, texture, and ease of preparation were confirmed. Results from the direct comparison of meat with corresponding meat alternatives indicate that meat alternatives are similarly perceived to their processed meat counterparts. Regarding different consumption situations, our results show that eating meat alternatives is perceived to be more appropriate in situations where one eats alone or with family and friends. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that meat alternatives have the best chance of successfully replacing meat when they closely resemble highly processed meat products in taste and texture and are offered at competitive prices. The recommendation for producers of meat alternatives is thus to focus on replicating processed meat products instead of trying to imitate meat cuts such as steak or escalope.     

Authentication of meat and meat products

In recent years, interest in meat authenticity has increased. Many consumers are concerned about the meat they eat and accurate labelling is important to inform consumer choice. Authentication methods can be categorised into the areas where fraud is most likely to occur: meat origin, meat substitution, meat processing treatment and non-meat ingredient addition. Within each area the possibilities for fraud can be subcategorised as follows: meat origin—sex, meat cuts, breed, feed intake, slaughter age, wild versus farmed meat, organic versus conventional meat, and geographic origin; meat substitution—meat species, fat, and protein; meat processing treatment—irradiation, fresh versus thawed meat and meat preparation; non-meat ingredient addition—additives and water. Analytical methods used in authentication are as diverse as the authentication problems, and include a diverse range of equipment and techniques. This review is intended to provide an overview of the possible analytical methods available for meat and meat products authentication. In areas where no authentication methods have been published, possible strategies are suggested.     

鲜肉包装技术的发展及运用

随着生鲜肉的需求越来越大,肉品的安全问题受到重视,怎样在保证肉品质量安全的同时,又延长货价期,成为迫切需要解决的问题。而我国现有的鲜肉运输、销售方式上存在很大的不足,本文针对以上问题综述了不同的包装在肉品保鲜上的具体运用。     

Effect of age and gender on the processing characteristics of buffalo meat

Comparison of processing characteristics of meat from young male, spent male and spent female buffaloes was made to find the suitability of the meat for developing ready to eat meat products. Intensively reared young male buffalo meat showed higher moisture, collagen solubility, sarcomere length, myofibrillar fragmentation index and water holding capacity than meat from the other animals. A higher pH, total meat pigments, salt soluble protein, emulsifying capacity and lower collagen solubility were observed in spent male buffalo meat. Spent female buffalo meat had higher fat, total collagen, muscle fibre diameter and shear force value. Sensory evaluation of pressure cooked meat chunks indicated a marked toughness in spent male and female buffalo meat samples. These results suggest that young male buffalo meat is more suitable for processing in chunks and spent male and female buffalo meat is more suitable for processing in smaller particles.     

热鲜肉与冷却肉品质差异之管见

我国肉与肉制品中生鲜肉占比约80%,生鲜肉中热鲜肉占比约60%,而冷却肉占比不足30%。近年来研究表明,僵直前的热鲜肉更适合炖煮、炒制、涮制等传统烹饪方法,而解僵成熟后的冷却肉则更适合烘烤、烧烤等西式烹饪方法。基于热鲜肉和冷却肉各自不同的加工特性和优劣势,本文在综述热鲜肉与冷却肉品质研究最新进展的基础上,提出了建立适合我国消费者饮食习惯、个性化消费需求和精细化烹饪方式的生鲜肉加工理论、技术、标准与管理体系,以期为生鲜肉生产“定制化”新业态提供技术和理论支撑。     

肉和肉制品中肠杆菌科细菌的检测和计数

本文对七种阴性菌株和四种阳性菌株进行研究,建立了肉和肉制品中肠杆菌科细菌检测和计数的方法,并对新鲜肉、冷冻肉、冷藏肉和肉制品进行测定。实验结果发现:冷藏、冷冻和新鲜肉的表层样品肠杆菌科细菌的检出量较高,都超过了110 MPN/g,而深层样品肠杆菌科细菌的检出量较少,大部分为<0.3 MPN/g,熟肉制品、香肠类、肉松、肉干类和腊制品中的肠杆菌科细菌的检出量都较少,预加工肉制品中有少数样品的肠杆菌科细菌超过了110 MPN/g。     

肉及肉制品质量属性评价方法及其面临问题

研究者和生产者一直试图通过育种、饲料组分功效量化、饲养方案优化、加工工艺调整和贮藏条件改善等来提升肉及肉制品的产量和品质,而肉及肉制品的质量属性检测分析是衡量肉及肉制品营养价值、安全性、生产能力和市场接受性的重要途经,也是研究者和生产者开展生产和产品市场定位等的重要依据之一。目前肉及肉制品质量属性的检测方法,主要包括通过凯氏定氮法测定蛋白质含量、采用色谱法测定胆固醇含量、色谱法对脂肪酸组分的测定分析和色谱法测定氨基酸组分等对常规营养属性的分析、采用味觉识别系统、质谱分析技术、颜色分析系统对味觉、风味和颜色等感官品质进行的分析等。肉及肉制品质量属性评价方法的完善和改进不仅能够促进肉制品加工产业的发展,还能够更好的促进消费,鉴于此,本文对肉及肉制品质量属性评价方法及其创新进展进行了概述,对肉及肉制品质量安全属性评价方法目前面临的挑战进行了分析,以期为肉制品产业发展和科研提供参考。     

9274份肉及肉制品食源性致病菌监测结果分析

目的 了解吉林省9274份肉及肉制品食源性致病菌污染情况,为防控食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法从吉林省9个地市级行政区采集市售6类肉及肉制品样品共9274份,包括生畜肉、生禽肉、熟肉制品、调理肉制品、冷冻肉糜制品和动物血液及制品。按照国家标准方法检测10种食源性致病菌。结果 全部9274份样本食源性致病菌总阳性检出率为3.9%(366/9274)。检出率最高为调理肉制品 (13.0%,63/483),其次是生禽肉(5.6%,107/1900)和生畜肉(5.0%,71/1428)。检出的主要致病菌为单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌。生禽肉中弯曲菌检出率(7.5%,31/411)和产气荚膜梭菌检出率(3.9%,7/180)均高于沙门菌检出率(3.5%,8/231)。生禽肉、生畜肉中未检出小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌。动物血液及制品未检出单细胞增生李斯特菌、弯曲菌和小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌。冷冻肉糜制品未检出沙门菌。熟肉制品未检出大肠埃希氏菌O157、志贺菌和蜡样芽胞杆菌。熟肉制品各年度检出率范围为1.3%-4.4%。结论 吉林省市售的肉及肉制品较长时间受到不同程度的食源性致病菌污染,存在食源性疾病发生的风险。