具有相位补偿的全光纤弱磁场传感仪

本传感仪可用于低频弱磁场或静态场的测量。本系统利用敷置在光纤上的磁致伸缩材料作为敏感元件,把磁场信号转变为光相位信号,然后采用具有相位补偿的全光纤Mach Zehnder干涉仪将相位调制转换为振幅调制;使用零差检测跟踪相位即可得到被测信号。本系统可探测到的最小场为10~(-9)T/m。     

自动消除磁滞模糊的光纤测磁传感仪

光纤测磁传感仪根据Ｍａｃｈ－Ｚｅｈｎｄｅｒ干涉仪原理制作，适用于测量静态弱磁场。传感仪的传感臂和参考臂由两条单模光纤组成，传感臂的光纤上粘合了一段磁滞伸缩材料作为传感头．当被测静态场与交变的偏置场共同作用于传感头时，磁滞伸缩材料所产生的纵向应变将导致光纤中的光相位发生变化，利用相位探测装置和锁相放大器就可得出被测场的大小。本系统可探测的最小静态场为７９．５７×１０Ｅ－７（Ａ／ｍ）。     

电磁无损检测电路系统研究与设计

电磁无损检测系统,主要应用于对导体材料进行缺陷检测的一种装置.电磁无损检测电路系统主要包括激励信号发射电路和检测接收电路两部分.由MSP430单片机控制DDS芯片AD9958产生标准的正弦波信号,作用在检测探头上,使得在被测导体材料上产生涡流信号.通过检测接收电路对涡流信号的处理,得出涡流信号的幅值和相位,从而可以对缺...     

光纤Bragg光栅在动态应变测量中的研究

为了将光纤光栅的传感特性应用于结构健康监测和高频应力作用下的材料力学性能测试中,对光纤光栅动态应变传感的测量进行了研究.设计了基于相位载波(PGC)零差法的非平衡Mach-Zender干涉解调系统,并对相位载波解调技术进行了分析.通过对比冲击实验和频谱分析,实验结果证明该检测方法有效可行,可以得到稳定的测量信号,系统在10 kHz的频率范围内有良好的频率响应.     

低频数字相位(频率)测量的CPLD实现

以单片机和CPLD为核心,设计了低频相位(频率)检测系统.系统由CPLD相位频率测量模块、单片机和显示模块三个部分组成.利用VHDL语言设计了高速的测频测相模块,并下载到CPLD中,通过与单片机的独立接口,将测量到的数据传送到单片机中,由单片机完成计算和显示的功能.重点介绍了测频测相系统原理框图,CPLD中的测频测相模块原理框图,简要介绍了单片机控制程序、计算程序.采用CPLD配合单片机的设计方案,具有造价较低、速度高、精度高的优点,并且可以通过软件下载而达到仪器硬件升级的目的.     

光栅传感智能位移测量系统

光栅传感智能位移测量系统是集光、机、电、算为一体的新型智能仪器。其原理是利用光栅传感器将欲检测的位移信息量转变为电信号 ,并经前置放大和电路处理后 ,送入 80 31单片机的T0 、T1计数端 ,经运算处理后 ,将被测位移量输出并通过LED显示。详细地介绍了整体电路的设计 ,包括位移信号的检取 ,细分判向及 80 31单片机系统的软、硬件设计     

一种测量静态磁场的光纤传感仪

所述的传感仪根据Ｍａｃｈ－ｚｅｈｎｄｅｒ干涉仪原理制作．传感臂和参考臂由两条单模光纤构成，传感臂的光纤上粘合了一段磁滞伸缩材料作为传感头，一个频率为ω０的偏置磁场施加于传感头上，当被测静态场与交变的偏置场共同作用于传感头时，磁滞伸缩材料所产生的纵向应变将导致光纤中的光相位发生变化，利用相位探测装置和锁相放大器就可测出未知场的大小，本系统可探测的最小静态场为１０－６（Ｏｅ／ｍ）。     

用于转矩和转速的单片机测量系统

本文介绍的单片机测量系统是智能化磁敏转矩转速仪中的实用系统。其测量原理是用单片机内部的定时器对转矩——相位型传感器输出的转矩信号和转速信号进行计时测量,计算出被测转矩和转速。系统除具有测量、打印和显示的功能外,还具有自检、温度补偿和超限报警等智能化功能。本系统不仅能对相位型转矩信号进行测量,也可对其它的相位型非电量信号进行测量。     

智能宽带信号检测系统

为了能够准确的测量信号的参数,设计了一种宽带交直流信号检测系统,该系统的控制芯片采用的是STC12C5A32S2单片机.首先,信号采集电路采集到的信号经交直流测量电路进行处理;然后,通过分压和自动增益放大电路等处理后,在频率和相位检测电路中测量信号的频率和相位;最后,在液晶显示器上显示待测信号的幅度、相位和频率等信息.在实验中,测量了频率为0-20KHz的不同幅度信号,实验结果表明,在低频情况下测量误差可以忽略,在高频信号测量时的测量误差小于1%.     

分布式光纤传感器应变传递性能分析及试验研究

分布式光纤传感技术是一种新型光电监测技术,可实现应变、温度的长距离分布式检测,适用于土木工程结构的健康监测.应变量测的准确性是进行结构健康诊断和评估的关键,其中影响分布式光纤传感技术应变测量精度的因素除了设备自身性能,还与感应结构应变信号的分布式光纤传感器的应变传递性能有关.从理论上分析了传感光纤特性、粘结剂物理性质、...     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.