加氯模糊控制方法介绍

结合净水厂工程实例介绍加氯模糊专家控制方法。该方法能够解决水厂后加氯、补加氯中存在的非线性、时滞性和模糊性问题,从而实现现场后加氯、补加氯自动控制。提出采用自学习的模糊专家控制系统进行加氯自动控制实现氯气的最佳投加,以一个水厂模糊专家控制器工作原理为例说明加氯模糊专家控制系统的核心技术的设计原理。提出的方法经工程实践取得了预期成效。     

原水加氯系统分析

分析辽宁省润中供水有限责任公司加氯系统的运用原理和设备,探讨原水加氯人工化、智能化的发展方向,对类似水厂的氯气投加具有借鉴作用。     

加氯系统防结冰防回水改造

对于给水厂其加氯氧化消毒环节非常重要 ,但在北方地区 ,加氯系统结冰和回水现象时有发生 ,影响了这一环节的稳定运行。分析了问题产生的原因 ,并提出了改造服务水系统 ,改进水射器的解决方案     

水厂集散控制系统

水厂的自动化控制是水厂今后发展的方向之一。水厂采用集散控制系统有利于促进水厂安全生产和技术进步，并提高管理水平。介绍了水厂集散控制系统的系统组成、结构特点和一般控制原则。并根据水厂生产的工艺过程，着重介绍了集散控制系统在原水取水、加药加氯、滤池、配电、出水泵房和水厂控制室中各种不同场合的应用情况。     

给水厂运行中存在的问题及改善措施

石家庄市地表水厂已投产近10年,在水厂的运行中曾遇到许多问题,有些已解决,有些由于时间、技术、资金等方面的原因有待于以后进一步解决。水厂处理规模30万m0/d,采用常规的水处理工艺,原水经取水管理站进行预加氯,重力自流经输水管线进入水厂进行净化处理,工艺流程为:取水口预加氯一加药一絮凝一沉淀一过滤一消毒一管网。水厂在运行中主要存在水质和工艺设备、药剂两方面问题。     

叶城县乌夏巴什镇水厂自动化控制设施及药剂投加自动控制探讨

从叶城县乌夏巴什镇水厂自动化控制设施与运行实况出发,对水厂自动化控制设施、药剂的制备与投加的控制及滤池自动控制系统进行了分析,着重探讨了自动加氯控制系统的运行及比例控制。     

鑫源水厂加氯间改造探讨

重点对鑫源水厂加氯间存在的安全问题进行分析，通过采用增设漏氯吸收装置等安全整改措施，解决存在的隐患，提高水厂安全运行的可靠性。     

郑州地区黄河水作为饮用原水的加氯消毒研究

首次对郑州地区不作为饮用原水进行加氯消毒处理后产生的副产物作了全面探讨。采用气相色谱仪对郑州自来水公司柿园水厂原水加氯消毒后的副产物进行了测定。实验结果表明：黄河水作为饮用原水加氯消毒的同时会产生对人体健康有害的物质－－三氯甲烷，且三氯甲烷的生成量会随着加氯量的大小、氯与不接触时间的长短、水温的高低而不同，加氯量越大、氯化时间越长、水温越高，三氯甲烷含量越高。     

给水厂扩建工艺设计经验点滴

本文总结了作者多年来的设计经验,阐述了给水厂扩建的工艺设计要点,包括水厂扩建规模的确定、水处理工艺方案的选择和取水构筑物、一级泵房、二级泵房、清水池、二泵吸水井和加氯加矾间的扩建工艺设计要点.     

浙江省临安市第二水厂扩建工程工艺设计

临安市第二水厂总规模10万m3/d,扩建工程设计规模为5万m3/d,主要介绍了取水工程、输水管线工程、水厂净水工艺流程、水质目标、各净水构筑物的主要设计参数、设备配置以及加药加氯系统、控制方式等内容,还分析了该水厂工艺设计和设备配置的一些特点。     

水生经济植物根际氮循环细菌及其作用的研究

利用生态浮床系统,在室内研究了浮床植物单作和混作对氮的去除效果及其根际周围硝化与反硝化菌种群数量以及硝化与反硝化作用速率的变化规律.结果表明,浮床植物混作系统对氮的去除效果优于植物单作和无植物系统,而植物系统又优于无植物系统;植物单作与混作根际硝化细菌种群数量和硝化作用速率、反硝化细菌种群数量和反硝化作用速率均具有明显的差异;处理15 d后,硝化细菌种群数量在水芹系统中的减少较比豆瓣菜和混作系统多,硝化作用速率在水芹系统中的降低较豆瓣菜和混作系统明显(P <0.05);反硝化细菌种群数量由多到少的顺序分别为水芹系统,豆瓣菜系统,混作系统,无植物系统;且反硝化作用速率由高到低的顺序分别为水芹系统,豆瓣菜系统,混作系统,无植物系统.     

弹性力学辛体系研究进展

简述弹性力学问题从Lagrange体系向辛体系过渡的思想,介绍辛体系的几种求解方法,按解析法、半解析法、完全数值方法、动态问题等几个方面对辛体系的研究进展进行综述,分析了目前已取得的研究成果并对其水平作了相应评述,对辛体系的发展趋势作了展望.研究结果表明,辛体系用对偶的两类变量(位移和应力)进行求解,具有Lagrange体系无法比拟的优越性,其发展前景非常广阔.     

考虑水力连通性的水系连通评价指标体系构建与应用EI北大核心CSCD

在水系形态特征与水系结构连通性基础上,增加了包含水工建筑物数量、下游收水量和换水周期在内的水力连通性评价指标,构建了更加全面的水系连通评价指标体系。通过层次分析与熵权法相结合的综合评价法确定各指标权重,并利用该评价指标体系对廊坊市北运河-永定河区域水网3种水系连通方案进行了评价,得到最优水系连通方案。评价结果表明,构建的评价指标体系能够更加全面地表征水系连通情况,可用于河网水系连通评价。     

A New Model for Simulating Supplemental Irrigation and the Hydro-Economic Potential of a Rainwater Harvesting System in Humid Subtropical Climates

Here we have developed a new model to simulate supplemental irrigation and the hydro-economic potential of a rainwater harvesting system in rainfed agricultural areas. Using the model, soil moisture in rainfed crop land, supplemental irrigation requirements, rainwater storage in an on-farm reservoir (OFR) system, and surface and ground water availability were predicted. In an irrigated system, an OFR was used to harvest rainwater during the rainy season, and stored water was applied to cropland as supplemental irrigation (SI). An economic analysis was performed to calculate the benefits due to an OFR irrigation system, and gains from increased crop yield and downstream water availability in the irrigated OFR system were compared with rainfed system (i.e. no OFR). In addition, we calculated the impacts of dry and wet seasons on total value gains (grain and water gains) for irrigated and rainfed conditions and performed a sensitivity analysis to quantify the impacts of model input parameters on total value gains. Analyses showed that the OFR system can produce crop yields three times greater than rainfed agriculture. During a water stress season, the total water use in the irrigated system was 65 % greater than for the rainfed system. Water use efficiency of the irrigated system was 82 % higher than for the rainfed system. In a dry season, the total value gains due to increased crop yield by supplemental irrigation and downstream water availability of the irrigated system were 74 % greater than for the rainfed system, while in a wet season the total value gain of the irrigated system was 14 % greater than for the rainfed system. A precipitation scenario analysis of wet and dry seasons indicated that the benefits of a rainwater harvesting system can be considerably greater in dry seasons than wet seasons.     

计算机监控供水系统的设计与实现

结合现场实际供水系统的特点,利用现代计算机监控技术设计了一种供水自动监控系统。对系统的总体结构和功能进行了阐述,提出了监测/控制子站、计算机控制中心、查询终端的系统构建方案以及硬件设计方案,并提出了基于Internet的MGIS软件系统的设计方案。结合实际应用情况讨论了计算机监控供水系统的作用与意义。     

Enhanced separation of water quality parameters in the DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) system using ozone.

Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) has been used in water and wastewater treatment because it has an excellent separation capability. It was found that the separation capability of the DAF system could be even more enhanced by ozone. Ozone was applied as a substitute for air in the DAF system, so that the system was named as the DOF (Dissolved Ozone Flotation) system. Ozone not only enhances coagulation as is well known, but also provides larger micro-bubble volume because the solubility of ozone in water is much higher than that of air. Ozone enhanced the separation rate of SS by 13.6%, and turbidity by 21% in the DOF system compared to the DAF system. T-P was also removed 7.7% more in the DOF system. 41.5% of color and 7.4% of COD(Cr) were enhanced in their removal rate. Coliform and heterotrophic bacteria were removed 54% and 57.3% more in the DOF system. Separation capability of the DOF system was greatly enhanced for most of the water quality parameters because ozone provides strong oxidation power with large volume of micro-bubbles.     

苏通长江大桥实时水情预报系统

介绍了苏通大桥水情预报系统的预报原理、数据库结构、开发工具等方面的内容。运行情况表明,该系统具有运行稳定、速度快、操作简便、预报精度高等特点,满足了大桥施工期对水情预报的要求。本系统的开发使得非专业人员发布水情预报成为可能,对科研成果推广具有一定的借鉴意义。     

城市水系统关联模型研究

为了理清城市水系统中多因素间的复杂关系,对系统解决城市水问题提供帮助,基于水系统理论与城市水系统模拟相关研究,提出了城市水系统中水-经济社会-生态环境各因素之间相互作用和反馈的关联模型理论框架,建立了城市水系统演变过程中由针对经济发展的正反馈回路和针对可持续性的负反馈回路共同控制的新模式,构建了模拟城市水-经济社会-生态环境内在联系的城市水系统关联模型。以武汉市为例,应用建立的城市水系统关联模型,采用2001—2017年的历史统计数据,建立了武汉市城市水-经济社会-生态环境各要素之间互馈作用的模拟模型,预测了武汉市的城市发展轨迹,并与武汉市2030年的远期规划进行比较,验证了模型的有效性,表明城市水系统模型能够揭示城市水-经济社会-生态环境多要素的耦合驱动机制,体现了节水技术与绿色发展相关政策两大因子导向下的生态环境、经济社会协同发展的良好预期。     

城市水资源可持续利用的系统调控研究——以南京市为例

从当前城市水资源可持续利用的结构性问题入手,应用现代系统理论,探讨了对水资源可持续利用进行系统调控的方法与思路,初步构建了包括行为系统、支持系统、约束系统和决策系统四大子系统的水资源可持续利用调控框架体系,并以南京市为例,论述了该调控系统的运行机制与实现途径,以期为全面推进城市水资源的可持续利用提供有益的思路与行动框架。     

A hybrid anaerobic solid-liquid system for food waste digestion.

A hybrid anaerobic solid - liquid (HASL) system was developed to enhance food waste bioconversion in comparison with the conventional two-phase anaerobic digester. The advantages of the HASL system were the higher efficiency of methane production and smaller volume of effluent from the system. The biogas, which was generated from the methanogenic phase, had an average methane content of 71-72%. Total removal of volatile solids consisted of 78-80%. The HASL system can be operated in both batch and semi-continuous modes with satisfactory performance. The addition of a submerged biofilter for ammonia removal to the HASL system further enhanced the performance of anaerobic digestion. Methane production in the enhanced HASL system was increased by 26% in comparison with the HASL system without submerged filter. This paper describes the development of the enhanced HASL system for anaerobic treatment of food waste.