基于信息熵的污水处理厂规划改造决策评价投影寻踪模型

污水处理厂规划改造决策评价的研究难点是如何把多个决策评价指标科学、合理地综合成一个单指数形式,在一维实数空间中对各决策评价样本进行分类排序。参数投影寻踪评价方法克服了常规综合评价方法中权重确定的困难,但其中的窗口半径参数的取值具有主观随意性,影响了评价结果的可靠性。为此,提出了基于信息熵的污水处理厂规划改造决策评价非参数投影寻踪综合评价模型(IEN-PP)。应用结果表明:直接由样本数据驱动的IEN-PP可对各污水处理厂规划改造决策评价样本进行自然分类,计算结果合理,方法简便,在决策评价问题中具有推广应用价值。     

基于遗传算法的灰色非线性水环境管理模型及应用

以郑州市贾鲁河水环境治理规划为基础,统筹考虑到治理区域内的工程建设、水环境改善策略、污水处理厂建设运行以及配套水库调度等,构建了灰色非线性水环境管理模型,并选择遗传算法作为计算手段,对该模型进行了求解。构建的模型同时考虑到了治理区域内的污水处理厂优化运行、南水北调补水、区域内3个生态湖泊与治理河段的净化能力等。通过优化运行协调,实现了运行费用经济合理、水生态环境改善、水质达标等多项治理目标。研究结果表明,基于遗传算法的灰色非线性规划在区域水环境治理中的应用潜力十分显著。     

浅论城镇污水处理厂的规划布局

城镇污水处理厂是城镇的重要基础设施,污水处理是目前国内外用以减轻污染、保护环境的重要措施之一。本文以惠州市江南片区规划建设污水处理厂为实例,对城镇污水处理厂布局等有关问题进行了探讨。     

基于多源信息融合的智慧污水处理厂管控平台建设与应用

针对当前污水处理厂中存在的信息孤岛问题及其导致的不合理生产调度,提出了基于多源信息融合技术的智慧污水处理厂管控平台的解决方案。该平台充分利用大数据、云计算、物联网、数据挖掘、人工智能、移动互联网、BIM等技术,将污水处理厂BIM模型信息、污水处理厂实时运行信息、污水处理厂日常管理信息进行多源信息融合并对污水处理厂进行智慧管控。该平台在武汉江夏污水处理厂得到成功应用,可确保其科学、高效、安全、智慧运行。     

城市污水处理厂的规划改造问题研究

针对我国目前各大城市原有污水处理厂存在的问题,提出一套评价体系,并结合上海11家污水处理厂进行了评价,评价结果与专家们的意见相一致,从而验证了该评价系统的可行性,其方法对于城市现有污水处理厂的改造和去留问题的决策,具有一定的指导意义     

应对污水量不均衡与变化的污水管网运行措施

针对近年来北京市城市发展过程中出现的污水量不均衡、污水处理厂实际来水量与规划污水量有较大变化以及污水管网运营出现安全性等问题,在分析其产生原因及影响的基础上,提出了可能采取的工程措施,并重点研究了新形势下大中城市污水管网规划设计可持续发展的新思路。     

武汉市污水污泥处理与处置规划介绍

随着城市化进程加快和市政污水系统的完善,污水污泥处理与处置问题越来越突出。首先对武汉市污水污泥处理处置现状进行介绍和分析,然后预测了武汉市2010年和2020年污水污泥量,接着在此基础上确定武汉市污水污泥处理厂布局方案和处理处置工艺,最后针对污泥规划的实施和管理提出建议。     

再生水作为园区供水水源的出水量预测——以博州金三角工业园区总体规划水资源论证为例

针对污水处理厂资料缺乏的情况,提出线性关系法和出水量预测法来预测污水处理厂的再生水可利用量,并通过建立起人均出水量的概念,对这2种方法进行对比、相互验证,为今后类似资料缺乏的污水处理厂预测再生水量提供参考依据,并以博州金三角工业园区规划水资源论证为例,来验证上述方法的可行性。     

浙江省“十二五”城镇污水处理厂污泥处置规划介绍

从浙江省城镇污水处理厂污泥处置现状问题入手,对污泥主要安全指标进行了对比分析,按照国家城镇污水处理厂污泥处置原则与技术要点,结合实际情况选择了浙江省城镇污水处理厂污泥处置方式,根据浙江省"十二五"城镇污水处理厂污泥处置规划要求,预测了浙江省城镇污水处理厂污泥处置规模和投资,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

ASM2d模型在北京高碑店污水处理厂的应用

描述了GPS-X模拟软件中国际水协(IWA)的ASM2d模型在北京高碑店污水处理厂应用的实例.该研究的目的包括:建立一个大型污水处理厂的模拟模型,以更好地理解生物处理过程;使用建立的模型寻求改善和优化污水处理厂脱氮除磷的方案.在应用中,模型的校准和验证是在已有资料基础上进行的,包括污水处理厂的设计和日常运行监测数据,这样就避免了在模拟大型污水处理厂的前期进行大量的专门研究工作.但是已有的数据不能直接作为模型的输入参数,需要把进水的COD、氮和磷的数据转化成适合于模型输入的各种组分.最后,使用经校准和验证的模型对改善污水处理厂的脱氮除磷进行了初步探讨.     

Irrigation Planning using Genetic Algorithms

The present study deals with the application of Genetic Algorithms(GA) for irrigation planning. The GA technique is used to evolve efficient cropping pattern for maximizing benefits for an irrigation project in India. Constraints include continuity equation, land and water requirements, crop diversification and restrictions on storage. Penalty function approach is used to convert constrained problem into an unconstrained one. For fixing GA parameters the model is run for various values of population, generations, cross over and mutation probabilities. It is found that the appropriate parameters for number of generations, population size, crossover probability, and mutation probability are 200, 50, 0.6 and 0.01 respectively for the present study. Results obtained by GA are compared with Linear Programming solution and found to be reasonably close. GA is found to be an effective optimization tool for irrigation planning and the results obtained can be utilized for efficient planning of any irrigation system.     

STUDY ON THE POLLUTION OF URBAN SCENIC WATER BODY BY MUNICIPAL DRAINAGE IN FLOOD SEASON AND ITS CONTROL PLANNING

In this article, based on river quality simulation and system optimization, a water quality model was established for scenic river after rainfall discharge in flood season, with the target of making water pollutants meet the standard in priority and saving expenditure on pollution control. With the principle of reducing sewage from combined sewage pumping station and heavily polluted initial rainwater, a mathematical multiobjective planning model was constructed for rain sewage pollution control in flood season, and one scenic river in a northern city was taken for simulation example. The results show that： the optimization result meets the requirements of planning, among which, sewage reduction from the combined pumping station accounts for 17.38% in the total reduction of rain sewage, and the reduction in the heavily polluted rain water accounts for 77.24% in the total reduction of rainwater pumping station. The planning scheme can provide theoretical basis for pollution control of scenic river in flood season, and for rational reconstruction and layout of outfalls along two banks of the river.     

Integrated Resource Planning for Water and Wastewater

Abstract

This paper describes the use of integrated resource planning for water and wastewater service provision by a major urban water utility. This methodology aims to meet the water and sewerage needs of the community at the least cost and includes an explicit analysis of the costs and benefits of measures that reduce the demand for water and the discharge of wastewater effluent. It therefore requires disaggregation of the demand for water into end-uses and a consideration of the linkages between the water supply and sewerage components of the business. This approach has significant advantages in economic, environmental, and social terms. The case study results indicate that significant investments in water efficiency programs are justified on economic grounds, particularly where augmentation of water and sewerage infrastructure is planned. Three studies undertaken as part of Sydney Water's efforts to integrate supply- and demand-side planning are described in this paper: first, a major integrated resource planning exercise designed to reduce demand for water by up to 35 percent, costing more than AU$25 million; second, a case study in a series of small towns where the benefits arise from reducing the capacity of sewage treatment plants by reducing wastewater flow; and third, in a major industrial region where water efficiency measures integrated with reuse measures reduce overall costs.     

西安市工业需水量预测及污水回用于工业研究

随着城市化与工业化水平的不断提高，水资源短缺问题日益突出，工业需水量的合理预测已成为城市供水和水资源规划极其重要的部分，以西安市为研究对象，对其主要工业需水量采用灰色预测理论进行了预测研究。根据灰色预测理论预测结果确定西安市未来年份的工业需水量，依托西安市第四轮城市总体规划建成的15个污水厂，通过城市污水回用来解决西安市未来工业需水量需求。     

北京通州新城建设中再生水利用 规划及其实施

通州新城是北京市规划的11个新城之一,是东部发展带的重要节点。由于该地城区范围内污水管网尚未完善,部分污水未经处理直接排入河内,严重污染了本地区的水环境,环境质量问题已成为当地经济健康发展和人民生活水平提高的重要障碍。根据城市总体规划,在新城区内应形成完善的排水系统,通过污水管道的布置和再生水厂的建设,将污水引入再生水厂进行处理及再利用。本文介绍了通州新城污水治理的规划及实施情况,并对在建的河东再生水厂的较为先进的MBR处理工艺进行了介绍说明。     

水电站决策模型组合赋权TOPSIS法应用研究

本文针对水电站梯级规划方案的选择问题,采用组合赋权TOPSIS方法,构建水电站决策模型,建立水电站决策评估体系。应用实例表明:水电站决策模型对于优选水电站梯级规划方案具有较强的适用性。本研究可为水电站梯级规划方案的优选评估提供决策依据。     

水力平差模型在供水规划中的应用

在供水规划中,管网设计是重要的组成部分,为了降低管网建成后的漏损及运行费用,需要在规划设计阶段对管网进行水力平差计算.针对规划管网水力平差的特点,提出应用GIS的分析功能及EPANET水力计算软件构建管网的水力平差模型,进行规划管网的水力计算,并根据计算结果对管网进行调整,得到满足规划供水量及水压要求的供水管网布置方案,为供水规划管网设计提供科学的依据.     

Applying Genetic Algorithm and Neural Network to the Conjunctive Use of Surface and Subsurface Water

The conjunctive use of surface and subsurface water is one of the most effective ways to increase water supply reliability with minimal cost and environmental impact. This study presents a novel stepwise optimization model for optimizing the conjunctive use of surface and subsurface water resource management. At each time step, the proposed model decomposes the nonlinear conjunctive use problem into a linear surface water allocation sub-problem and a nonlinear groundwater simulation sub-problem. Instead of using a nonlinear algorithm to solve the entire problem, this decomposition approach integrates a linear algorithm with greater computational efficiency. Specifically, this study proposes a hybrid approach consisting of Genetic Algorithm (GA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Linear Programming (LP) to solve the decomposed two-level problem. The top level uses GA to determine the optimal pumping rates and link the lower level sub-problem, while LP determines the optimal surface water allocation, and ANN performs the groundwater simulation. Because the optimization computation requires many groundwater simulations, the ANN instead of traditional numerical simulation greatly reduces the computational burden. The high computing performance of both LP and ANN significantly increase the computational efficiency of entire model. This study examines four case studies to determine the supply efficiencies under different operation models. Unlike the high interaction between climate conditions and surface water resource, groundwater resources are more stable than the surface water resources for water supply. First, results indicate that adding an groundwater system whose supply productivity is just 8.67 % of the entire water requirement with a surface water supply first (SWSF) policy can significantly decrease the shortage index (SI) from 2.93 to 1.54. Second, the proposed model provides a more efficient conjunctive use policy than the SWSF policy, achieving further decrease from 1.54 to 1.13 or 0.79, depending on the groundwater rule curves. Finally, because of the usage of the hybrid framework, GA, LP, and ANN, the computational efficiency of proposed model is higher than other models with a purebred architecture or traditional groundwater numerical simulations. Therefore, the proposed model can be used to solve complicated large field problems. The proposed model is a valuable tool for conjunctive use operation planning.     

灌区整体效益模型在水库水量分配中的应用研究

水资源短缺及其水生态环境问题,已成为严重制约中国经济发展的重要因素。因此,如何对有限的水资源进行优化配置研究,已成为水资源规划与管理中的热点问题。文章运用多目标规划理论,建立了以经济、社会、财务等综合效益目标化最大的冯家山水库水量优化配置模型。通过确定模型各参数,调用Matlab优化工具箱中的函数进行编程求解,得到冯家山水库不同规划水平年(2015年、2020年)的水资源优化配置方案,为库区水资源规划与管理提供科学依据。