Hybrid identification of fuzzy rule‐based models

In this study, we propose a hybrid identification algorithm for a class of fuzzy rule‐based systems. The rule‐based fuzzy modeling concerns structure optimization and parameter identification using the fuzzy inference methods and hybrid structure combined with two methods of optimization theories for nonlinear systems. Two types of inference methods of a fuzzy model concern a simplified and linear type of inference. The proposed hybrid optimal identification algorithm is carried out using a combination of genetic algorithms and an improved complex method. The genetic algorithms determine initial parameters of the membership function of the premise part of the fuzzy rules. In the sequel, the improved complex method (being in essence a powerful auto‐tuning algorithm) leads to fine‐tuning of the parameters of the respective membership functions. An aggregate performance index with a weighting factor is proposed in order to achieve a balance between performance of the fuzzy model obtained for the training and testing data. Numerical examples are included to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. They are also contrasted with the performance of the fuzzy models existing in the literature. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

A genetic approach to modeling fuzzy systems based on information granulation and successive generation-based evolution method

In this paper, we introduce and investigate a new category of fuzzy inference systems based on information granulation and genetic optimization used to system identification. We show the applications of such systems to identification of nonlinear systems. The formal framework of information granulation and resulting information granules themselves become an important design facet of the fuzzy models. By embracing fuzzy sets, the model is geared towards capturing essential relationship between information granules rather than concentrating on plain numeric data. Information granulation realized with the use of the commonly exploited C-Means clustering helps determine the initial values of the parameters of the fuzzy models. This in particular concerns such essential components of the rules as the initial apexes of the membership functions standing in the premise part of the fuzzy rules and the points of the polynomial functions standing in the consequence part. The initial apexes (center points) of the membership functions based on C-Means algorithm are tuned with the aid of the genetic algorithm (GA), while the tuned apexes are also used to adjust the points of the consequent polynomials (conclusions) of the rules. In particular, the initial apexes of the membership functions and the initial points of the consequent polynomials are adjusted and updated every time through successive evolution process. The overall design methodology involves a hybrid structural and parametric optimization. Genetic algorithms and C-Means clustering are used to optimize the model with respect to its structure and parameters. To determine the structure and estimate the values of the parameters of the fuzzy model we consider the successive tuning method with generation-based evolution by means of genetic algorithms. The model is evaluated with the use of numerical experimentation and its quality is compared with respect to some other fuzzy models already encountered in the literature.     

Rule-based multi-FNN identification with the aid of evolutionary fuzzy granulation

In this paper, we introduce a category of Multi-Fuzzy-Neural Networks (Multi-FNNs) models, analyze the underlying architectures and propose a comprehensive identification framework. The proposed Multi-FNNs are based on a concept of fuzzy rule-based FNNs that use H ard C-M eans (HCM) clustering and evolutionary fuzzy granulation and exploit linear inference being treated as a generic inference mechanism of approximate reasoning. By this nature, this FNN model is geared toward capturing relationships between information granules–fuzzy sets. The form of the information granules themselves (in particular their distribution and a type of membership functions) becomes an important design feature of the FNN model that contributes to its structural and parametric optimization. The genetically guided global optimization is then augmented by more refined gradient-based learning mechanisms such as a standard back-propagation. The HCM algorithm, whose role is to carry out preprocessing of the experimental data, is utilized to determine the structure of Multi-FNNs. The detailed parameters of the Multi-FNN (such as apexes of membership functions, learning rates, and momentum coefficients) are adjusted using genetic algorithms. The proposed aggregate performance index helps achieve a sound balance between approximation and generalization (predictive) abilities of the model. To evaluate an effectiveness of the introduced model, several numeric data sets are experimented with. Those include a time-series data of gas furnace, NOx emission process of gas turbine power plant and some synthetic data.     

A genetic-based neuro-fuzzy approach for modeling and control ofdynamical systems

Linguistic modeling of complex irregular systems constitutes the heart of many control and decision making systems, and fuzzy logic represents one of the most effective algorithms to build such linguistic models. In this paper, a linguistic (qualitative) modeling approach is proposed. The approach combines the merits of the fuzzy logic theory, neural networks, and genetic algorithms (GAs). The proposed model is presented in a fuzzy-neural network (FNN) form which can handle both quantitative (numerical) and qualitative (linguistic) knowledge. The learning algorithm of a FNN is composed of three phases. The first phase is used to find the initial membership functions of the fuzzy model. In the second phase, a new algorithm is developed and used to extract the linguistic-fuzzy rules. In the third phase, a multiresolutional dynamic genetic algorithm (MRD-GA) is proposed and used for optimized tuning of membership functions of the proposed model. Two well-known benchmarks are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed modeling approach, and compare it with other modeling approaches.     

一种新型的基于遗传算法的进化模糊推理系统

介绍了遗传算法和进化模糊推理系统的融合方式及结构,应用一种新型的基于遗传算法的进化模糊推理系统动态自适应的在线学习和离线学习。使用进化聚类方法,模糊规则在系统执行过程中进行创建和更新,并且采用遗传算法优化进化聚类的结果,修改成员的隶属度函数,通过模糊推理系统计算系统的输出。     

应用聚类和遗传算法获取模糊模型

针对在复杂系统的模糊建模中,模型的精确度和可解释性很难同时得到满足的问题,利用PNC2聚类算法和遗传算法各自的特点,提出了一种新的建模方法。利用PNC2聚类算法创建初始模型,然后对规则参数进行编码,借助实值遗传算法优化模型。PNC2是有指导的层次凝聚聚类算法,双重的合并测试使获得的初始模型达到局部最优解,具有很强的可解释性;遗传算法通过自适应优化来提高模型的精确度。通过运用Iris数据分类问题,验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于模糊神经网络的飞机某系统故障诊断研究

提出一种基于模糊神经网络的飞机某系统故障诊断方法。利用改进的模糊C均-值聚类算法进行结构辨识,从而自动获得模糊规则库,并得到模糊模型的初始参数;然后生成与之相匹配的初始模糊神经网络,并通过学习算法训练网络来进行参数辨识,得到一个精确的模糊模型。将该系统地面实测数据作为样本数据,建立起了基于模糊神经网络的飞机某系统故障诊断模型。最后对该模型进行测试与分析,结果表明该方法具有抗噪、抗敏感、诊断准确度高等优点。     

基于模糊神经网络味觉信号识别的研究

文中提出了一种基于模糊神经网络方法的味觉信号识别模型,利用小波变换实现了对传感器所采集的味觉信号进行数据压缩及特征抽取,以模糊神经网络作为味觉信号的识别工具。     

Intelligent forecasting system based on integration of electromagnetism-like mechanism and fuzzy neural network

Fuzzy neural network (FNN) architectures, in which fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks are integrated, have been proposed by many researchers. In addition to developing the architecture for the FNN models, evolution of the learning algorithms for the connection weights is also a very important. Researchers have proposed gradient descent methods such as the back propagation algorithm and evolution methods such as genetic algorithms (GA) for training FNN connection weights. In this paper, we integrate a new meta-heuristic algorithm, the electromagnetism-like mechanism (EM), into the FNN training process. The EM algorithm utilizes an attraction–repulsion mechanism to move the sample points towards the optimum. However, due to the characteristics of the repulsion mechanism, the EM algorithm does not settle easily into the local optimum. We use EM to develop an EM-based FNN (the EM-initialized FNN) model with fuzzy connection weights. Further, the EM-initialized FNN model is used to train fuzzy if–then rules for learning expert knowledge. The results of comparisons done of the performance of our EM-initialized FNN model to conventional FNN models and GA-initialized FNN models proposed by other researchers indicate that the performance of our EM-initialized FNN model is better than that of the other FNN models. In addition, our use of a fuzzy ranking method to eliminate redundant fuzzy connection weights in our FNN architecture results in improved performance over other FNN models.     

A fast recursive algorithm based on fuzzy 2-partition entropy approach for threshold selection

The fuzzy c-partition entropy approach for threshold selection is an effective approach for image segmentation. The approach models the image with a fuzzy c-partition, which is obtained using parameterized membership functions. The ideal threshold is determined by searching an optimal parameter combination of the membership functions such that the entropy of the fuzzy c-partition is maximized. It involves large computation when the number of parameters needed to determine the membership function increases. In this paper, a recursive algorithm is proposed for fuzzy 2-partition entropy method, where the membership function is selected as S-function and Z-function with three parameters. The proposed recursive algorithm eliminates many repeated computations, thereby reducing the computation complexity significantly. The proposed method is tested using several real images, and its processing time is compared with those of basic exhaustive algorithm, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization (ACO) and simulated annealing (SA). Experimental results show that the proposed method is more effective than basic exhaustive search algorithm, GA, PSO, ACO and SA.     

智能算法在金属矿山品位动态优化中的应用

对遗传算法、神经网络和模糊逻辑等智能算法进行深入研究并将其应用于复杂的矿山生产系统中,解决放矿截止品位和入选品位的优化问题。首先应用神经网络建立以品位指标为自变量的多目标优化函数模型,再对其进行模糊综合评判,将得到的模糊隶属度函数作为遗传算法的适应度函数,全局搜索出使适应度函数最大即最优的品位指标组合,实现截止品位和入选品位的动态优化,为矿山企业放矿生产提供决策。     

An optimization method for designing type-2 fuzzy inference systems based on the footprint of uncertainty using genetic algorithms

This paper proposes an optimization method for designing type-2 fuzzy inference systems based on the footprint of uncertainty (FOU) of the membership functions, considering three different cases to reduce the complexity problem of searching the parameter space of solutions. For the optimization method, we propose the use of a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the type-2 fuzzy inference systems, considering different cases for changing the level of uncertainty of the membership functions to reach the optimal solution at the end.     

基于混合聚类算法的模糊函数系统辨识方法

针对传统模糊系统存在的结构难以确定和参数辨识复杂的问题,提出了一种基于混合聚类算法的模糊函数系统辨识算法.与一般的模糊函数系统相比,混合聚类算法结合模糊C均值和模糊C回归模型聚类算法的样本距离.在模型预测部分,采用高斯函数计算每个输入变量的隶属度,利用输入变量隶属度的模糊化算子得到输入向量的隶属度.应用于Box-Jenkins煤气炉数据、一个双入单出的非线性系统和Mackey-Glass混沌时间序列数据的试验结果表明,本文算法具有很好的辨识效果,从而验证了本文算法的有效性与实用性.     

DCT-Yager FNN: a novel Yager-based fuzzy neural network with the discrete clustering technique.

Earlier clustering techniques such as the modified learning vector quantization (MLVQ) and the fuzzy Kohonen partitioning (FKP) techniques have focused on the derivation of a certain set of parameters so as to define the fuzzy sets in terms of an algebraic function. The fuzzy membership functions thus generated are uniform, normal, and convex. Since any irregular training data is clustered into uniform fuzzy sets (Gaussian, triangular, or trapezoidal), the clustering may not be exact and some amount of information may be lost. In this paper, two clustering techniques using a Kohonen-like self-organizing neural network architecture, namely, the unsupervised discrete clustering technique (UDCT) and the supervised discrete clustering technique (SDCT), are proposed. The UDCT and SDCT algorithms reduce this data loss by introducing nonuniform, normal fuzzy sets that are not necessarily convex. The training data range is divided into discrete points at equal intervals, and the membership value corresponding to each discrete point is generated. Hence, the fuzzy sets obtained contain pairs of values, each pair corresponding to a discrete point and its membership grade. Thus, it can be argued that fuzzy membership functions generated using this kind of a discrete methodology provide a more accurate representation of the actual input data. This fact has been demonstrated by comparing the membership functions generated by the UDCT and SDCT algorithms against those generated by the MLVQ, FKP, and pseudofuzzy Kohonen partitioning (PFKP) algorithms. In addition to these clustering techniques, a novel pattern classifying network called the Yager fuzzy neural network (FNN) is proposed in this paper. This network corresponds completely to the Yager inference rule and exhibits remarkable generalization abilities. A modified version of the pseudo-outer product (POP)-Yager FNN called the modified Yager FNN is introduced that eliminates the drawbacks of the earlier network and yi- elds superior performance. Extensive experiments have been conducted to test the effectiveness of these two networks, using various clustering algorithms. It follows that the SDCT and UDCT clustering algorithms are particularly suited to networks based on the Yager inference rule.     

一种模糊神经网络的快速参数学习算法

提出了一种新的模糊神经网络的快速参数学习算法, 采用一些特殊的处理, 可以用递推最小二乘法(RLS)来调整所有的参数. 以前的学习算法在调整模糊隶属度函数的中心和宽度的时候, 用的是梯度下降法, 具有容易陷入局部最小值点、收敛速度慢等缺点, 而本算法则可以克服这些缺点, 最后通过仿真验证了算法的有效性.     

A neuro-fuzzy model for a new hybrid integrated Process Planning and Scheduling system

In customized mass production, isolation of Process Planning (PP) and Scheduling stages has a critical effect on the efficiency of production. In this study, to overcome this isolation problem, we propose an integrated system that does PP and Scheduling in parallel and responds to fluctuations in job floor on time. One common problem observed in integration models is the increase in computational time in conjunction with the increase of problem size. Therefore in this study, we use a hybrid heuristic model combining both Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN). To improve GA performance and increase the efficiency of searching, we use a clustered chromosome structure and test the performance of GA with respect to different scenarios. Data provided by GA is used in constructing an FNN model that instantly provides new schedules as new constraints emerge in the production environment. Introduction of fuzzy membership functions in Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model allows us to generate fuzzy rules for production environment.     

一种新的基于神经模糊推理网络的复杂系统模糊辨识方法

针对基于输入输出数据的复杂系统的模糊辨识问题,提出了一种新的神经模糊推理网络及相应的学习算法．学习算法被应用于系统的结构辨识与参数辨识．在结构辨识阶段,介绍了一种新的直接从输入输出数据中抽取和优化模糊规则的学习算法;在参数辨识阶段,提出和推导了一种非监督学习和监督学习相结合的混合式学习算法,实现模糊隶属函数的初步调整和优化．仿真结果表明,本文的方法可以同时满足对辨识精度、收敛速度、可读性和规则数的要求．     

A fuzzy GARCH model applied to stock market scenario using a genetic algorithm

In this paper, we derive a new application of fuzzy systems designed for a generalized autoregression conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model. In general, stock market performance is time-varying and nonlinear, and exhibits properties of clustering. The latter means simply that certain large changes tend to follow other large changes, and in general small changes tend to follow other small changes. This paper shows results from using the method of functional fuzzy systems to analyze the clustering in the case of a GARCH model.The optimal parameters of the fuzzy membership functions and GARCH model are extracted using a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA method aims to achieve a global optimal solution with a fast convergence rate for this fuzzy GARCH model estimation problem. From the simulation results, we have determined that the performance is significantly improved if the leverage effect of clustering is considered in the GARCH model. The simulations use stock market data from the Taiwan weighted index (Taiwan) and the NASDAQ composite index (NASDAQ) to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.     

SUPERVISORY EXPERT SYSTEM-BASED INTELLIGENT OPTIMIZATION OF A MICROBIOREACTOR

□ Microbioreactors with immobilized yeast cells are conventionally packed uniformly. A recent study has shown, however, that a topologically optimized distribution of cells yields much greater outputs of the desired product. Because topology optimization is a complex method requiring a good mathematical model, artificial intelligence (AI) has been employed here as an alternative method. For the same system—in other words, immobilized genetically modified yeast cells—an expert system selected online the better of two AI methods—a fuzzy neural network (FNN) and a genetic algorithm (GA)—according to the output of the product recombinant glucoamylase. Progressing in short time intervals enables the expert system to shift continually between the FNN and the GA, thereby maintaining optimal performance at all times. This method is more robust than topology optimization, easier to implement, does not require a mathematical model, and improves glucoamylase output even further.