商品混凝土早龄期受拉强度的试验研究

在钢筋混凝土工程中,混凝土抗拉强度大多数采用劈裂法检测,探明劈裂抗拉强度与轴心抗拉强度之间的关系有着工程实际意义,但国内外文献中对二者之间的关系没有统一的定论。为较精确地获得混凝土早期抗拉强度,利用自行设计、制作的混凝土轴心受拉试验装置成功地解决了试件对中困难的问题。并对C20、C40、C60三个强度等级的商品混凝土进行了3、71、4、28d和60d的轴心抗拉强度试验,试验结果均不离散。得出了商品混凝土早龄期抗拉强度和立方体抗压强度的关系,并拟合出了商品混凝土轴心抗拉强度和劈裂强度之间的关系式,并从微观角度分析了二者破坏机理的区别。     

珊瑚混凝土骨料-净浆界面区强度

采用纳米压痕和劈裂试验方法,研究了珊瑚骨料与水泥净浆界面试件在不同养护龄期的纳米压痕弹性模量、纳米压痕硬度、界面黏结劈拉强度、水泥净浆抗压强度和劈拉强度,以及它们之间的相关性.结果 表明:与普通混凝土类似,珊瑚混凝土存在薄弱的界面过渡区(ITZ),内掺10％珊瑚微粉能够强化珊瑚骨料-水泥净浆界面的宏观和纳米力学性能,界...     

商品混凝土的早期轴向拉伸试验研究

利用自行研制的试验装置进行了早龄期商品混凝土的轴向拉伸试验,成功地解决了混凝土试验对中困难的难题。分别得出了轴心抗拉强度和受拉弹性模量随龄期的发展变化规律,并在试验数据的基础上经过回归分析分别得出了轴心抗拉强度和受拉弹性模量随龄期增长的经验公式,为进一步防止和控制混凝土结构的早期裂缝提供了准确可靠的力学性能参数。     

冻融循环后轻骨料混凝土双轴拉(劈拉)压强度试验和破坏准则研究

进行海水中不同冻融循环次数后轻骨料混凝土双轴拉(劈拉)压状态下的强度试验,考察试件的破坏形态和表面裂缝的走向特征。根据试验结果分析双轴拉压状态下的极限抗压、劈拉强度随冻融循环次数和应力比的变化规律。并在此基础上,建立不同冻融循环次数后主应力空间的破坏准则和考虑冻融循环影响的八面体应力空间的统一破坏准则,为寒冷海洋环境条件下轻骨料混凝土结构在经受拉压组合荷载作用时的强度分析提供试验和理论依据。     

Shear behavior of partially encased steel-concrete composite specimens under tension

为了研究型钢与部分外包混凝土的在拉力作用下的纵向剪力传递性能,对6个部分外包钢-混凝土组合构件进行了轴拉试验,对其破坏形态和荷载-滑移曲线进行了分析。试验中主要考虑了型钢与腹部混凝土的黏结长度、混凝土强度、栓钉连接件数量等影响因素。研究结果表明：部分外包钢-混凝土组合构件破坏形态主要表现为黏结破坏、混凝土压碎和栓钉剪断;轴拉试验和推出试验中无栓钉连接的部分外包型钢混凝土组合构件的黏结力均随着型钢与混凝土间的黏结长度的增加而增大;对于无栓钉和有栓钉组试件,轴拉试验和推出试验中型钢与混凝土间的受剪承载力均随着混凝土抗拉强度的增加而增大,且近似成线性关系;部分外包钢-混凝土组合构件的受剪承载力随栓钉数量的增加而增大;相较无栓钉组试件,采用2根栓钉连接和4根栓钉连接的轴拉试件,其受剪承载力分别可提高近100%和250%。     

Fatigue tests on straight steel–concrete composite beams subjected to hogging moment

This paper describes the fatigue behavior of composite steel and concrete beams subjected to negative bending moment. Fatigue tests with repeated load limited to initial cracking and stabilized cracking, were performed on two steel–concrete composite beam substructures respectively. Test results indicated that when the repeated load was equivalent to the initial cracking load, the fatigue test had only limited influence on beam stiffness or crack patterns. However, when the repeated load was equivalent to the stabilized cracking load, a number of residual cracks occurred in the initial static test and the beam became less stiff as the load cycles increase. Failure of the bond between studs and surrounding concrete was confirmed in intermediate static tests; flexural stiffness of studs became smaller as the increase of load cycles. In addition, final static tests were performed on fatigue test specimens and another specimen without fatigue test. The comparison indicated that when the repeated load was larger than the initial cracking load, fatigue test could decrease beam stiffness and its ultimate load carrying capacity.     

再生粗骨料自密实混凝土基本力学性能

通过再生粗骨料自密实混凝土(RCASCC)的工作性能、立方体抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗压强度测试和应力应变试验,分析了不同再生粗骨料取代率(R)下RCASCC的工作性能和基本力学性能的变化规律,并提出了RCASCC的应力应变本构方程.结果表明：随着R的增加,RCASCC的工作性能变差,但仍能满足现行规范要求;随着R的增加,RCASCC的立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度总体呈现下降趋势,但R=50%时的立方体抗压强度和轴心抗压强度要高于R=25%之时;随着龄期的增长,RCASCC的抗压强度呈现非线性增长的趋势;经验证,所得出的RCASCC轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度与立方体抗压强度之间的换算关系与普通混凝土换算关系基本一致,RCASCC的应力应变本构方程与普通混凝土的单轴受压本构方程相近.     

钢筋混凝土剪力墙轴拉试验和轴拉刚度理论分析

文章完成截面纵筋率为17%、25%的钢筋混凝土剪力墙轴拉试验。试验结果表明：剪力墙轴拉刚度在混凝土开裂前由钢筋和混凝土共同提供,并随轴拉力的增加逐渐下降;在混凝土开裂时轴拉刚度迅速下降;在开裂后混凝土退出工作,轴拉刚度逐渐趋于截面纵筋刚度。基于试验结果,完成剪力墙的轴拉受力特性和刚度变化特征的理论分析,提出能够描述钢筋混凝土剪力墙轴拉刚度变化特征的二阶段计算方法：在混凝土开裂前及开裂时根据混凝土本构模型获得的受拉弹性模量进行计算,在开裂后则引入纵向受拉钢筋应变不均匀系数进行计算。由此得到的理论值与试验结果更为吻合,更能反映剪力墙在轴拉阶段的受力和刚度变化特征。     

The effect of carbon nanotubes and polypropylene fibers on bond of reinforcing bars in strain resilient cementitious composites

Stress transfer between reinforcing bars and concrete is engaged through rib translation relative to concrete, and comprises longitudinal bond stresses and radial pressure. The radial pressure is equilibrated by hoop tension undertaken by the concrete cover. Owing to concrete’s poor tensile properties in terms of strength and deformability, the equilibrium is instantly released upon radial cracking of the cover along the anchorage with commensurate abrupt loss of the bond strength. Any improvement of the matrix tensile properties is expected to favorably affect bond in terms of strength, resilience to pullout slip, residual resistance and controlled slippage.The aim of this paper is to investigate the local bond of steel bars developed in adverse tensile stress conditions in the concrete cover. In the tests, the matrix comprises a novel, strain resilient cementitious composite (SRCC) reinforced with polypropylene fibers (PP) with the synergistic action of carbon nano-tubes (CNT). Local bond is developed over a short anchorage length occurring in the constant moment region of a four-point bending short beam. Parameters of investigation were the material structure (comprising a basic control mix, reinforced with CNTs and/or PP fibers) and the age of testing. Accompanying tests used to characterize the cementitious material were also conducted. The test results illustrate that all the benefits gained due to the synergy between PP fibers and CNTs in the matrix, namely the maintenance of the multi-cracking effect with time, the increased strength and deformability as well as the highly increased material toughness, were imparted in the recorded bond response. The local bond response curves thus obtained were marked by a resilient appearance exhibiting sustained strength up to large levels of controlled bar-slip; the elasto-plastic bond response envelope was a result of the confining synergistic effect of CNTs and the PP fibers, and it occurred even without bar yielding.     

钢纤维混凝土抗拉性能试验研究

研究了钢纤维体积率、钢纤维长径比、钢纤维类型对钢纤维混凝土劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗拉强度及轴心受拉应力-应变全曲线的影响规律。试验采用两端埋设钢筋的变截面轴心受拉试件并在普通万能试验机上加辅助刚性架,进行钢纤维混凝土轴心受拉应力-应变全曲线测试。研究表明,随着钢纤维体积率、长径比的增大,钢纤维混凝土劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗拉强度呈线性增大规律。采用设计的试验装置可测得钢纤维混凝土轴心受拉应力-应变全曲线,分析了纤维掺量和基体混凝土强度对轴心受拉应力-应变全曲线的影响规律。根据试验数据分析,提出了钢纤维混凝土轴心抗拉强度与劈裂抗拉强度间的关系式,提出了钢纤维混凝土轴心受拉应力-应变全曲线的解析表达式。     

负弯矩作用下钢-混组合梁的疲劳试验

介绍了钢-混组合梁在负弯矩作用下的疲劳性能。在两个钢-混组合梁结构上分别进行循环荷载下的疲劳试验,并只局限于初始开裂和稳定开裂。试验结果表明,循环荷载与初始荷载相等时,疲劳试验对梁刚度与裂缝形态的影响有限。然而,当循环荷载与稳定开裂荷载相等时,在初始静态试验时产生了大量的残余应力,造成了破裂,且梁的刚度减小而荷载周期增加。中期的静态试验证实了栓钉与周围混凝土的连接失效,栓钉的承载力随着荷载周期的增加而减小。此外,对经过疲劳测试的样本与未经过疲劳测试的样本进行最终的静态测试发现,循环荷载大于初裂荷载时,疲劳试验会降低梁的刚度及极限承载力。     

片麻岩骨料混凝土基本力学性能及其换算关系研究

为了研究片麻岩机制砂骨料混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗压强度和弹性模量与立方体抗压强度之间的关系,选取水胶比、机制砂砂率和机制砂石粉含量为配比参数,制备11组C50片麻岩骨料混凝土进行不同龄期的基本力学性能试验。根据试验结果,探讨了片麻岩骨料混凝土各力学性能受各配比参数变化的影响规律,采用数理统计回归的方法,对立方体抗压强度与其他力学性能指标之间的换算关系进行了分析。结果表明:片麻岩骨料混凝土力学性能中受配比参数变化影响最大的是劈裂抗拉强度,其次是立方体抗压强度和轴心抗压强度,最小的是弹性模量; 拟合的片麻岩骨料混凝土劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗压强度、弹性模量与立方体抗压强度之间换算关系式,较GB 50010—2010中相应的关系式能更准确地反映片麻岩骨料混凝土立方体抗压强度与其他力学性能指标之间的关系; 片麻岩骨料混凝土试块回弹值与立方体抗压强度的相关性很小。     

掺聚丙烯纤维改善C120超高强混凝土脆性的试验研究

以C120超高强混凝土为基准,掺入聚丙烯纤维进行了混凝土的早期收缩、断裂性能、劈裂抗拉、高温脆性爆裂试验。试验结果表明:聚丙烯纤维限制了混凝土裂缝的发展;随着纤维掺量的增加,混凝土的韧性也随之增加;掺聚丙烯纤维后C120混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度和拉压比均有所提高,混凝土的脆性得到明显改善;克服了高温脆爆现象,实现了C120超高强混凝土的高性能化。     

钢纤维增强粉煤灰自密实混凝土力学性能

采用粉煤灰取代40％水泥来制备粉煤灰自密实混凝土(SCC),研究其工作性、基本力学性能和轴压变形性能随钢纤维体积分数的变化规律.结果表明:粉煤灰SCC的工作性随钢纤维体积分数的增加而降低,当钢纤维体积分数大于0.75％时,粉煤灰SCC的工作性降幅最大;钢纤维体积分数对粉煤灰SCC抗压强度的影响不明显,但能够显著改善其劈...     

抗震框架中间层中节点梁筋粘结退化试验研究

根据已经完成的21个接近足尺的钢筋混凝土框架中间层中节点平面梁柱组合体的低周交变加载试验,较全面测试和分析了在轴压比、剪压比、钢筋强度和混凝土强度以及贯穿节点梁筋相对长度的影响下贯穿节点段梁筋的粘结退化规律,通过非线性拟合得到试验加裁制度下贯穿中间层中节点梁筋和混凝土之间粘结应力τ在不同加载阶段的计算公式,提出了受轴压比、剪压比、钢筋强度和混凝土强度等参数影响的贯穿节点梁筋相对长度hc／d的建议公式。     

Tension stiffening model for nonlinear analysis of GFRP-RC members

An analytical approach is presented to capture the tension stiffening effect of reinforced concrete member subjected to tensileforces. In this model, the tensile stiffening is described through an analytical relationship of stress–strain law in the cracking range which differs from the CEB-tension stiffening model that is based on the stress–strain curve of reinforcing bars using a bi-linear relationship. The bi-linear relation does not quite capture the post-cracking behaviour of reinforced concrete structures. In view of this, a parabolic branch is selected in the post-cracking phase possessing as asymptotic line to the stress–strain line of the bare bar that minimises the tension stiffening effect at the ultimate load level. This assumption is taken into account in view of material nonlinearities, the bond character and the tension stiffening effect. Analytical results are obtained and compared with experimental data for direct tensile load. In general, the computed results agree well with experimental results. Moreover, the effects of concrete strength, reinforcement ratio and bar diameter on tension stiffening are studied.     

Übergreifungsstöße von Betonstahl in selbstverdichtendem Beton

Load Carrying Capacity of Lap Splices in Self Consolidating Concrete This paper presents the results of experimental investigations on the load carrying capacity of lap splices under compression and tensile forces in self consolidating concrete (SCC). The test program consisted of four full scale beam tests and three column tests. It was concentrated on two common types of SCC, a powdertype concrete with limestone powder and a combination‐type concrete with fly ash. Depending on the specific lap length l_s/d_s the transmission mechanisms as well as the distribution of the bond‐, steel‐ and concrete stresses within the joint area were examined. The research project was sponsored by the German Association of Structural Concrete (DAfStb – V429).     

地聚物混凝土与钢筋黏结性能研究

对24个钢筋-地聚物混凝土黏结试件进行中心拉拔试验,分析钢筋与地聚物混凝土的黏结 破坏机理,考察地聚物混凝土抗压和劈裂抗拉强度、钢筋类型、钢筋直径、混凝土保护层厚度 及钢筋黏结长度等因素对钢筋-地聚物混凝土黏结性能的影响,并与钢筋-普通水泥混凝土之间 的黏结性能进行比较。实验结果表明,当钢筋的黏结长度为5d时,相对保护层厚度c/d =3.67为 变形钢筋-地聚物混凝土中心拉拔试件破坏模式由拔出破坏向劈裂破坏转变的临界点;对于d=14 mm的钢筋-地聚物混凝土中心拉拔试件,9d的钢筋黏结长度可使钢筋屈服先于钢筋拔出或混凝土 劈裂发生。基于实验结果,还建立了变形钢筋-地聚物混凝土的黏结-滑移本构模型,采用该模 型计算得到的不同直径的变形钢筋-地聚物混凝土的黏结-滑移曲线与实测曲线接近。     

Characteristics of self-consolidating concrete using two types of lightweight coarse aggregates

This paper presents the development of lightweight aggregate self-consolidating concrete (SCC) using two types of lightweight aggregates having different densities. Lightweight aggregate SCC properties have been evaluated in terms of flowability, segregation resistance and filling capacity of fresh concrete as per the standards of the Japanese Society of Civil Engineering (JSCE). The measurement of the mechanical properties of hardened lightweight aggregate SCC, including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, elastic moduli and density, as well as its specific strength were also carried out. The characteristics of lightweight aggregate SCC at the fresh state showed that as the density of the lightweight coarse aggregate decreases, the flowability improves but the segregation resistance tends to decrease. The 28-days compressive strength of the lightweight SCC was found to be 32 MPa or higher. The relationship between the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength was found to be similar to the expression presented by CEB-FIP, and the relationship between the compressive strength and the elastic moduli was found to be similar to the expression suggested by ACI 318-05 which takes into consideration the density of concrete. The density of the lightweight aggregate SCC decreased by up to 14% compared to that of the control SCC, and the specific strength decreased by up to 20%.     

锈胀开裂后钢筋混凝土粘结滑移本构关系研究

采用外加电流加速钢筋锈蚀的方法,控制试件表面不同锈胀裂缝宽度.在钢筋开槽、内贴应变片的半梁式粘结试验的基础上,根据实测结果和理论分析,获得不同试件锚固长度内粘结应力及钢筋混凝土相对滑移的分布规律,推导出τ-s关系沿锚固长度的变化规律,从而提出了不同锈胀程度下,反映这种变化规律的位置函数ψ(x),建立考虑锚固位置影响的锈后钢筋混凝土粘结滑移本构关系,为锈后钢筋混凝土构件的有限元分析计算提供依据.