国产代森锰锌的非等温热分解反应动力学研究

用热分析的方法研究了3个国产优质代森锰锌的热分解反应,测定了该反应的活化能,提供了该反应的动力学基础数据。在所采用的测定和数据处理方法的条件下确定:用热重法(TG)测定代森锰锌的热分解反应活化能(Ea)的精确度比差示扫描量热法(DSC)高;用TG法测定产品Ⅱ的Ea(166±8kJ/mol)高于产品Ⅰ(146±8kJ/mol)和产品Ⅲ(148±5kJ/mol);这种测定热分解反应活化能的方法可望普遍用于研究提高代森锰锌热稳定性的生产工艺、添加剂筛选。     

PEN热行为研究

通过DSC及TG研究了PEN的转变温度、热稳定性及热氧稳定性，分析了DSC谱上双熔融峰、熔前结晶及熔体结晶等有关现象。结果表明PEN聚合物的结晶速度缓慢，有良好的热稳定性及热氧稳定性。     

聚苯乙烯磺酸钠对抗静电PET树脂的性能影响

研究了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSSNa)对抗静电聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)树脂的性能的影响.通过电阻率测试、热失重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)等测试方法考察了PSSNa对抗静电PET树脂的抗静电性能、热稳定性及结晶行为的影响.研究发现,在抗静电PET树脂中加入PSSNa,提高了抗静电PET树脂的热稳定性及结晶温度,并且进一步降低了抗静电PET树脂的电阻率.     

含能离子液体化合物AMTN的合成与性能研究

以4—氨基—1, 2, 4—三唑(ATZ)为原料,通过烷基化、离子交换合成了4—氨基—1—甲基—1, 2, 4—三唑硝酸盐(AMTN);采用红外光谱、1H—NMR(核磁共振)、13C—NMR及元素分析等对中间体及最终产物进行了结构表征;采用DSC(差示扫描量热)、TG(热重分析)跟踪,研究了AMTN的热稳定性;利用Gaussian 09程序和Kamlet—Jacobs方程,对AMTN的爆轰性能进行了计算,其密度为1.43 g/cm3,爆速为7 391.2 m/s,爆压为21.3 GPa。     

三(苄基硫醇)锑的合成及其应用性能

以苄基硫醇、三氧化二锑 (或三氯化锑 )等为原料 ,研究了三 (苄基硫醇 )锑的最佳合成工艺条件 ,产率分别达到 90 %和 95 %。用元素分析法及红外光谱技术对产品进行了表征 ,热分析技术 (TG和DSC)研究表明 ,含合成产物的聚氯乙烯 (PVC)制品的初始分解温度在 2 2 0℃以上 ,其热分解效应为 1 1 5 5J/g。热老化研究表明 ,当合成产物添加量达 1 5份 (PVC质量为 1 0 0份 )时 ,PVC树脂的热稳定时间为 1 8min(2 0 0℃ ) ,当其与硫醇钡以质量比 3∶1复配时 ,可显著提高PVC制品的长期热稳定性     

粉煤灰水热合成方沸石及其表征

以粉煤灰为原料,通过水热反应合成了粉煤灰沸石,并通过粉末X-射线衍射(PXRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱分析(FTIR)、热重和差式扫描量热分析(TG/DSC)等手段对产物进行了分析表征.结果表明,在实验配比条件下,190℃水热反应12～24 h,合成产物均为纯度较高的方沸石,分子式为Na[AlSi2 O6]·H2 O.PXRD和SEM表明合成产物有典型的方沸石结构和形貌特征,FTIR结果符合方沸石红外图谱,TG/DSC表明产品具有较好的热稳定性,通过DFT方法,得到沸石孔容积为0.028 cm3/g,比表面积为6.926 m2/g,表观主孔径约为3 nm,BET等效比表面积为11.194 m2/g.     

稀土羧酸盐热稳定剂对氯化聚乙烯(CPE)热性能的影响

主要通过运用红外光谱分析(IR)、静态热稳定(刚果红法)及热分析(DSC、TG)等方法对CPE的热性能进行了研究。结果表明,CPE(135#)与DOW3611P的分子结构基本相同,而DOW3611P的热稳定性要比135#好,同时稀土羧酸盐热稳定剂的加入对提高CPE热稳定性起到了良好的作用。     

润滑脂物性及其对HIPS力学性能影响的分析

用红外光谱(IR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热失重法(TG)对5种润滑脂进行成分和物性分析,并考察了润滑脂对弯曲受力HIPS力学性能的影响。结果表明,聚α-烯烃油润滑脂和硅脂的热稳定性好于矿物油润滑脂,并且其对HIPS力学性能影响较小。     

聚酯树脂粉末涂料的固化行为

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)对固态条件下聚酯/TGIC(triglycidyl isocyanurate)体系的非等温固化反应动力学进行了研究。根据DSC和热重（TG）的分析结果,对聚酯粉末的固化过程及热稳定性进行了探讨,通过温度-升温速率图外推法确定了该体系的凝胶温度、固化温度和后固化温度分别为113、146和195℃。采用Kissinger方程、Doyle-Ozawa方程和Crane方程对DSC数据进行分析,得到了固化反应的平均表观活化能65.71 kJ·mol^-1,频率因子8.50×106 min^-1、反应级数0.95,建立了该树脂体系的固化动力学模型。讨论了固化反应速率、固化度、固化温度与时间等关系的变化规律及影响因素,为优化铝型材用粉末涂料聚酯体系的固化工艺提供了理论基础。     

GAP基热塑性弹性体的合成与表征

以聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)、亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为原料,采用两步法合成了一种GAP基的含能热塑性弹性体(ETPE).用差示扫描量热(DSC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、热失重(TG)和万能材料拉伸机等对ETPE进行了表征.结果表明,ETPE具有良好的低温性能和热稳定性,高...     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.