碳材料/橡胶导电复合材料的研究进展

介绍导电橡胶复合材料的渗流理论和量子隧穿效应两种导电机理。综述炭黑、石墨、碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨烯等碳材料与橡胶制备的导电复合材料的国内外研究进展。碳纳米管和石墨烯等新型碳材料可赋予橡胶复合材料更优异的物理性能和导电、导热性能,为橡胶的功能化和多元化开拓了新的领域。多种碳材料并用可以降低填料添加量、提高导电橡胶电导率,是导电橡胶复合材料的发展趋势。     

一种碳纤维/石墨烯/碳纳米管/环氧树脂预浸料及碳纤维复合材料的制备

<正>一种碳纤维/石墨烯/碳纳米管/环氧树脂预浸料及碳纤维复合材料的制备,属于复合材料制备领域,本发明通过石墨烯进行化学改性,与多壁碳纳米管形成二元增强填料,有利于增强体在基体中的分散;提供了环氧树脂液态羧基丁腈橡胶的组合基体,本发明采用多尺寸的材料的复合制备了连续碳纤维复合材料,提高了复合材料的力学性能。在石墨烯/碳纳米     

聚合物/碳系填料发泡复合材料电磁屏蔽性能的研究进展

综述了聚合物/碳系填料发泡复合材料在电磁屏蔽领域应用的研究进展,重点讨论了各种碳系填料（石墨烯、碳纳米管、碳纤维）以及多组分碳系填料对发泡复合材料电磁屏蔽性能的影响及相关电磁屏蔽原理。结果表明,碳系填料的功能化、泡孔结构的调控、材料多层次结构的设计、制备工艺的优化等是改善聚合物/碳系填料发泡复合材料电磁屏蔽性能的有效途径。     

冻干取向法制备高导热复合材料研究进展

介绍了冻干取向法的原理，综述了采用冻干取向法构建不同种高导热填料从而制备各种高导热复合材料的研究进展，包括氮化硼类、石墨烯类、过渡金属碳/氮/碳氮化物衍生的二维层状材料类、碳纤维类以及氧化铝类高导热复合材料。分析了采用冻干取向法制备高导热复合材料时会对热导率产生影响的条件因素。     

碳系填充型聚合物屏蔽材料最新进展

针对目前碳系材料作为屏蔽基元材料存在的不足,结合电磁屏蔽机理,介绍了炭黑、石墨、碳纤维、碳纳米管等碳系屏蔽复合材料的最新研究情况。为克服碳系填料无磁性这一不足,最近几年碳系材料在包覆金属纳米层,磁控溅射镀镍等方面有了长足的发展,使得碳系填充型屏蔽材料的应用越来越广。此外介绍了纳米纸、石墨烯等新型碳系材料的发展趋势。最后指出了碳系屏蔽复合材料向着多功能、宽频带、高吸收等方向的发展趋势。     

碳系填料在聚合物基导电复合材料中的应用

介绍碳系填料在聚合物基导电复合材料中的应用以及导电复合材料渗流阈值的影响因素。碳系填料主要包括炭黑、石墨、碳纤维和碳纳米管等,对各类碳系填料的研究应侧重于提高其本征导电性能,并解决填料在聚合物基体中的分散问题。开发复合填料是拓宽碳系填料在电磁屏蔽领域应用的有效途径。采用混合填料、复合填料和多种聚合物材料并用可显著降低复合材料的电阻率,提高电磁屏蔽性能,降低导电渗流阈值。     

石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的制备、性能与机理

石墨烯是一种具有超大的比表面积、良好的热和化学稳定性、超高的热导率以及易于化学修饰的蜂窝状单层碳材料,已作为填料广泛应用于导热高分子复合材料领域。近年来石墨烯导热高分子材料的研究重点是改善石墨烯在聚合物基体中的界面相容性和分散性能。阐述了近年来石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的制备方法及其热性能,并重点对石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的导热机理进行综述,同时结合研究现状对石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的研究方向进行展望。     

石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的制备、性能与机理

石墨烯是一种具有超大的比表面积、良好的热和化学稳定性、超高的热导率以及易于化学修饰的蜂窝状单层碳材料,已作为填料广泛应用于导热高分子复合材料领域。近年来石墨烯导热高分子材料的研究重点是改善石墨烯在聚合物基体中的界面相容性和分散性能。阐述了近年来石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的制备方法及其热性能,并重点对石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的导热机理进行综述,同时结合研究现状对石墨烯导热高分子复合材料的研究方向进行展望。     

碳材料增强PA复合材料的研究进展

综述了高性能碳材料对尼龙(PA)改性的研究成果。简要介绍了目前应用于PA改性上的高性能碳材料，包括碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纤维及石墨等，介绍了高性能碳材料的结构与性质特点。分析了碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纤维及石墨材料对改性后PA复合材料力学、热力学及电学等性能的影响。最后对高性能PA复合材料目前存在的问题及未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

碳系导电填料的导电橡胶研究进展

阐述导电橡胶的导电机理(主要为导电通路、隧道效应和电场发射理论),介绍炭黑、碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨和石墨烯等碳系导电填料在导电橡胶中的应用研究进展。各类碳系导电填料单用或并用的导电橡胶可用于制备抗静电材料、电磁屏蔽材料、吸波材料、高压电缆、光电子器件和分子导线等。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。