Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.     

NOTICE OF CHANGING JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS （CHINA） TO MICROSYSTEMS ＆ NANOENGINEERING

正Journal of Electronics(China)(JE)was founded in 1984,sponsored by the Institute of Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.JE is one of the first English academic journals in China in the field of Electronics and Information technology.The journal was published quarterly since it was launched in 1984 to 2003,then it is published bimonthly till now.During     

Call for Papers

正Introduction Jointly sponsored by the China Institute of Communications(CIC)and the IEEE Communications Society(IEEE ComSoc)since the year 2013,China Communications,currently,is aiming to gradually realise the transition from journal to magazine content and style.We are now looking for innovative technical papers pertinent to Information and Communications Technologies(ICTs)worldwide.Theoretical research papers     

A new family of CMOS inverter-based OTAs for biomedical and healthcare applications

This paper presents a new family of innovative operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) topologies based on CMOS inverter structures, with improved gain and energy-efficiency. This new family of OTA designs is suitable for biomedical and healthcare circuits and systems, due to the high energy-efficiency, improved gain and low level of noise contribution, when compared to the state-of-the-art in this field. In this paper, two fully-differential implementations are presented, a first one with a double CMOS branch biased by two pairs of voltage-combiners structures in both NMOS and PMOS configurations, and a second one with folded voltage-combiners specifically targeting low voltage applications, e.g., supplies below 1 V. The usage of voltage-combiners to bias the OTAs improves the gain and the gain-bandwidth product, therefore improving the energy-efficiency figure-of-merit. High values of figure-of-merit are achieved in both implementations, i.e., more than 1600 MHz × pF/mA and 2000 MHz × pF/mA, gain values above 53 dB and 50 dB under supply sources of 2 V and 0.7 V respectively. The folded voltage-combiners biased OTA is able to operate correctly under a voltage supply down to 0.7 V with proper DC biasing. The results are finally compared with state-of-the-art in this field and the potential of the circuits is fulfilled using a state-of-the-art layout-aware integrated-circuit optimization framework, AIDA, particularly relevant in order to overcome the device stacking problematic for lower voltages.     

A novel low-temperature method of SiO2 film deposition forMOSFET applications

Silicon dioxide dielectric films were deposited at low temperatures (250–300°) using a novel plasma enhanced MO-CVD process. In this process, the substrate was kept remote from the plasma region and the deposition of the film was achieved at low pressure (0.8-1.0 Torr) and low dc plasma power (0.3 W· cm⁻²). Films deposited using tetraethyloxysilane (TEOS) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) as reactant material had, under optimum deposition conditions, resistivities of ≥ 10¹⁵ ohm-cm, a refractive index of 1.46, a dielectric constant of 3.98 and a breakdown field strength ≥ 5x 10₆ V·cm⁻¹. AES and SIMS analysis indicated that the films were of high purity and were stoichiometric with no metallic silicon present. MOS-capacitors fabricated on Si-substrates showed no hysteresis and no frequency dispersion of capacitance in the accumulation region. An interface state density in the range of 10¹¹ cm⁻²eV⁻¹ was achieved for these MOS devices using our deposited SiO₂dielectric films.     

Status and Trends in Advanced SOI Devices and Materials

提供了一种用于安德鲁反射测量样品制备新方法. 该方法采用聚焦粒子束刻蚀和磁控溅射,可以获得可控的、干净的、无应力的纳米接触用于自旋极化探测. 所制备的样品中,磁性和非磁性材料样品的反射谱都表现出复杂的峰和谷结构,这些结构可能源于与界面相关的零偏压反常以及与激发态相关的准离子相互作用. 对另一个Co40Fe40B20合金样品采用简单的钕针尖压针方法进行了对比性测量,反射谱中没有观察到谷结构,但谱结构出现较明显的热扩展,这种热扩展可能来源于界面处的非弹性输运. 所有的反射谱目前还不能由现有的理论给出令人满意的解释. 利用点接触反射方法获得可靠的自旋极化信息还有赖于接触界面特征的进一步分析. 而一个更切合实际的、更完善的理论成为迫切的需要.     

高速光纤综合通信网络平台研究

现代通信网络应能满足各种通信业务和通信容量日益发展的需求,实现话音、数据、视频、IP等业务的一体化综合交换和传输。在比较TDM、IP和ATM三种协议的基础上,提出"采用内置RPR和MPLS功能的MSTP平台"建设光纤综合通信网络平台的实现方法。MSTP采用SDH的数据帧结构,保持了SDH标准光接口、灵活分插低速信号、自愈环保护和功能强大的网管等优点,可对TDM、IP和ATM协议进行优化传输。     

Characteristic analysis of photonic crystal resonant cavity in the terahertz region

In this letter, a kind of two-dimensional photonic crystal structure applicable to THz devices is designed, and how to form a microcavity in this structure is discussed. The primary properties of the resonant cavity are analyzed, in which plane wave expansion method is used to make the calculation and the simulation. We＇ve studied the variation of the bandgap structure and resonant frequency in THz region by changing the parameters, such as lattice constant, dielectric constant contrast and filling factor. The research results provided theoretical support for manufacturing the THz devices and the application of THz system.     

Fabrication of holographic 3-D polymeric photonic crystals in near-infrared band and study of its optical property

A three-sidewalls-prism holographic method has been provided for the fabrication of 3-D fcc-type polymeric photonic crystal using negative photoresist. Special fabrication treatment has been introduced to ensure the stability of the fabricated nanostructures. The scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） and the diffraction results testified the good dependability of the fabricated structures. The simulation of the partial band structure is in good agreement with the transmission and reflection spectra obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.     

Used equipment-standard contract elements

One thing that both the purchase of new and used equipment has in common is the need for a comprehensive purchase agreement. The big difference is that while repetitive purchases of new equipment often only require the modification of one or more sections of a contract, every used equipment transaction and contract is normally different.     

空间互联网技术发展现状及趋势

空间互联网技术是人类进行航天测控、导航定位、远洋航行等空间应用的基础支撑,是实现全球互联互通的关键手段。首先介绍了空间互联网的概念及内涵、组成及结构、特点及优势等相关基础知识,接着总结了空间互联网的关键技术,然后阐述了空间互联网的发展现状和面临的问题,最后结合互联网技术发展趋势和航天应用的发展要求,对空间互联网技术的发展趋势进行了展望和预测。