IR—UT—16型精炼钢包吹氧升温热模拟试验

在容量为１５０ｋｇ中频感应炉内进行的热模拟试验表明，无论采用Ａｌ或Ｓｉ－Ｃａ－Ｂａ－Ａｌ作发剂进行钢液吹氧升温均是可和垢，此时，钢中Ｃ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｎ仅略有烧损，含Ａｌｓ含量可保持在较低水平（〈０．００６％），因此，可以满足升温和小方坯连铸对钢水成分的要求。     

凝固过程钢中氧化物成分对氧化物和硫反应的影响

为了阐明钢在凝固过程中氧化物和硫之间的反应，观察分析了连铸钢氧化物成分对它的影响，结果如下：在低Ａｌ含量钢中（Ａｌ＝０．００５％）观察到ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２氧化物，在高Ａｌ含量钢中（Ａｌ＝０．０３１％）看到ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３氧化物。ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２＿Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３氧化物比ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２氧化物具有较高的硫含量。氧化物中的Ｓ含量随钢在凝固温度下的液相率和硫容     

钢水升温发热剂的试验研究

在综合文献资料及热力学计算与分析的基础上，选择Ｓｉ，Ｓｉ－Ａｌ，Ｓｉ－Ｃａ，Ｍｇ－Ｃ和Ａｌ等５种发热剂进行钢水升温对比试验考察，其升温效果及对钢质量的影响，为进行工业试验提供参考。     

用Ca-Si-Ba-Al脱氧剂改善钢锭的铸态组织

１试验条件（１）验在出钢量为１２ｔ的电弧炉中进行。（２）复合脱氧剂Ｃａ－Ｓｉ－Ｂａ－Ａｌ的化学成分为Ｃａ１０％、Ｓｉ５０％、Ｂａ１０％、Ａｌ２０％、Ｆｅ１０％,由沈阳金属研究所研制,长春稀土合金厂生产。（３）Ｃａ－Ｓｉ－Ｂａ－Ａｌ复合脱氧剂按钢液重量...     

钢水用硅系发热剂升温的实验和应用

在实验室竖式电阻炉和中频感应炉对Ｓｉ系发热剂Ｓｉ－Ｆｅ，Ｓｉ－Ｂａ－Ｃａ、Ｓｉ－Ａｌ进行了升温试验，升温速度为４￣１１℃／ｍｉｎ，升温值为２０￣４０℃，并对３００ｔ钢水进行了工业性试验，升温速度为３．５℃／ｍｉｎ，升温值为１４℃。     

脱氧工艺对钢中B类夹杂物的影响

针对车轮钢Ｂ类夹杂物，采用４种脱氧工艺进行了试验研究。结果表明：采用真空精炼能有效地降低钢中Ｂ类夹杂物，使用Ｓｉ－Ａｌ－Ｂａ终处理有了的效果，采用喂Ｓｉ－Ｃａ－Ｂａ线及Ｓｉ－Ｃａ线工艺效果更佳。     

Ca－Si脱氧及酸性渣重熔改善轴承钢的夹杂物

研究了电渣母材的脱氧制度及重熔渣系对轴承钢夹杂物和疲劳性能的影响。（１）Ａｌ脱氧的电渣母材，无论用碱性渣还是用酸性渣重熔，钢中的夹杂物都以脆性的Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３为主；（２）Ｃａ－Ｓｉ和Ｃａ－Ｓｉ＋Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ脱氧的电渣母材，经碱性渣系重熔后，钢中的夹杂物仍以Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３为主；但经酸性渣系重熔后，钢中的夹杂物变成以硫化物和硅酸盐为主的塑性夹杂物，钢材的疲劳寿命提高。     

钢包炉（LF）CaO－SiO_2－MgO－Al_2O_3渣系的脱硫试验

钢包炉（ＬＦ）ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３渣系的脱硫试验郭上型，万真雅（华东冶金学院，马鞍山２４３００２）ＤｅｓｕｌｐｈｕｒｉｚｉｎｇＴｅｓｔｕｓｉｎｇＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３ＳｌａｇｉｎＡＬａｄｌｅＦｕｒｎａｃｅ￥ＧｕｏＳ...     

CaO－Al_2O_3－SiO_2渣系氮的溶解热力学

根据炉渣结构的共存理论，推导了ＣａＯ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＳｉＯ_２熔渣的作用浓度计算模型。模型计算得出的各组元的作用浓度值与文献报道的活度值非常一致。在此基础上，进一步采用回归分析法找出了ＣａＯ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＳｉＯ２渣系中溶解的氮含量以及与此渣系相平衡的钢中氮含量及氮的分配比随渣中各组元作用浓度之间变化的定量关系，理论计算结果与实验值非常符合。     

车轮轮箍钢失效与夹杂物控制

钢中夹杂物是导致车轮轮箍疲劳失效的主要原因,尤其是Ａｌ２Ｏ３链状夹杂物的影响最大,在常规生产条件下,采用减铝和复合脱氧可有效减少钢中Ａｌ２Ｏ３夹杂;采用喷Ｓｉ－Ｃａ粉、喂Ｓｉ－Ｃａ线工艺对钢中Ａｌ２Ｏ３夹杂进行变性处理,以及在真空精炼工艺条件下,采用降低铝量和精炼后期用Ｃａ、Ｂａ系复合合金处理工艺,可显著降低车轮轮箍钢中Ａｌ２Ｏ３夹杂级别和数量,提高车轮轮箍钢的使用性能。     

Final Temperature Prediction Model of Molten Steel in RH-TOP Refining Process for IF Steel Production

 In order to precisely control the final temperature of molten steel in RH (Ruhrstahl Heraeus)-TOP blowing refining, the final temperature prediction models of molten steel in RH-TOP blowing refining process for Interstitial Free (IF) steel production were established under the condition of oxygen blowing and non-oxygen blowing respectively. The results show that the beginning molten steel temperature of refining and the amount of added scrap were influential factors, the baking temperature in vacuum chamber was a factor that had small influence. When the model was operated, the hitting probability was above 95% (under the condition of both oxygen blowing and non-oxygen blowing) of prediction deviation of ±10 ℃. The accuracy is analyzed.     

优化炼钢模型控制超低碳钢转炉冶炼终点

超低碳钢终点氧含量直接关系到后续工艺处理及最终产品质量。包钢金属制造公司对转炉冶炼过程底吹、副枪模型系统计算参数进行了优化,提高了冶炼过程底吹供气强度,加强底吹对熔池搅拌,同时针对超低碳钢制定了底吹供气模式。结果表明,采取以上工艺,能够降低终点氧含量,提高超低碳钢终点碳含量、温度、氧含量命中率,为后续工序提供较好的钢水条件。     

Characteristics of Deoxidation and Desulfurization during LF Refining Al-killed Steel by Highly Basic and Low Oxidizing Slag简

Steel and slag samples were taken at the start and the end of LF refining for steel plate cold common （SPCC）, in the compact strip production （CSP） process, and at the same time, the temperature and oxygen activity a[o] were measured by using an oxygen sensor. Furthermore, inclusions in steel samples were monitored by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. It was confirmed that a [o] in liq- uid steel was in equilibrium with inclusion rather than with top slag during LF refining. Desulfurization was related to deoxidation since a[o] at slag-steel interface was clarified to be very close to that in liquid steel under the specific con- dition in LF with intense stirring by argon blowing and refined by highly basic low oxidizing slag for Al-killed steel. Sulfur partition ratio （Ls） was very sensitive to a[o]. Since a[o] increased rapidly with temperature rise, it not only offset promotion to desulfurization reaction with temperature rise but decreased Ls. For Al-killed steel, the.modifica- tion of Al2O3 for lowering the activity of Al2O3 in inclusion was believed to be favorable for both deoxidation and desulfurization during LF refining.     

涟钢210t转炉厂RH精炼过程温度变化研究

基于RH精炼处理的基本原理,结合涟钢RH-MFB实际生产和经验数据,重点对涟钢RH-MFB精炼过程温度的变化规律、温度变化的影响因素进行分析。结果表明,在精炼开始阶段的0～10 min钢包内钢液温降趋势明显,吹氧炉次在开始的10 min温降速度为1.7℃/min,未吹氧炉次为2.0℃/min。在极限真空循环处理前,吹氧炉次与未吹氧炉次的温降均随初始碳含量及进站温度的升高而增大;对于吹氧炉次,1 Nm3氧参加碳氧反应释放出的热量能使得210 t钢水温度上升大约0.18℃,溶解1 Nm3氧放出的热量能使210 t钢液温度上升0.06℃。实际生产过程的大部分炉次基本与计算值一致,吹氧加铝升温时温度变化计算值与实际值基本相当,除个别炉次相差较大外,其他炉次相差均在4℃以内。     

100t RH顶吹氧去除真空室内壁冷钢的数值模拟和应用

对钢厂100 t RH将原天然气烘烤改为顶吹氧去除真空室内壁冷钢工艺改造进行了研究。对5.5~7.5m氧枪位置及750~1300m³/h氧气流量下的速度场进行了数值模拟,根据计算确定了在枪位为5.5~6.5m,氧气流量为900~1200m³/h时RH顶吹氧去除冷钢是可行的。工业生产应用结果表明,采用该顶吹氧去除冷钢工艺,明显提高了RH的连续处理能力,RH月处理能力由不到28.5%提高到36.0%左右,单月RH处理能力最高比例达到48.8%。     

低硅钢冶炼工序硅质量分数控制

抑制回硅是低硅品种钢冶炼的重点和难点,南钢中厚板卷厂通过转炉出钢留氧操作,精炼炉留氧升温,脱氧、脱硫造渣,连铸严格的保护浇注及吹氩塞棒、吹氩浸入式上水口的应用等一系列工艺优化和操作的改进,使整个冶炼过程钢水回硅量稳定控制在200×10-6以内,钢水终点成分完全满足低硅钢要求。     

120 t顶底复吹转炉终点碳含量控制对钢水脱磷的影响

研究了120 t转炉在终点钢水平均温度1630℃,平均终渣碱度4.0时,终点[C]（0.029%~0.176%）对终点[P]和磷分配比的影响。34炉次冶炼结果表明,终点出钢磷含量随着碳含量的减小而降低,当碳含量低于0.06%时,有利于实现磷含量低于0.005%出钢;随着终点碳含量的降低,渣钢间的磷分配比增大,炉渣脱磷能力增强;在同等工艺条件下,终点碳含量越低,供氧时间越长,吹氧和碳氧反应对熔池的搅拌作用有利于进一步脱磷。     

ת¯ұ�������ø����׹���

RH oxygen top- blowing for raising temperature should be avoided to improve the cleaniness of IF steel as far as possible, which made the end point temperature of converter higher and then dephosphorization in converter became difficult. Thermodynamics and dynamics of dephosphorization process in converter were calculated to study the relationship of phosphate partition ratio to compositions of molten steel, slag, temperature in molten steel based on slag- remaining and double slag process. Through changing the first deslagging time and the composition of slag,then serial sampling from molten steel and slag in industrial production experiments, the behavior of phosphorus in molten steel was studied and then the main measures obtaining higher phosphate partition ratio in slag- remaining and double slag process are: small- sized scrap or thin steel sheet should be used to increase FeO content in slag and prevent molten steel temperature increase when oxygen blowing in converter begins. Slag with high phosphorus content should be poured when amount of oxygen blowing reachs 40% of the total; FeO content in slag should be increased to assure the mobility of slag and then reduce rephosphorization from slag to steel when amount of oxygen blowing is greater than 40% and less than 80% of the toal; the end- point slag with 4. 0 basicity and 18 mass%-20 mass% FeO content and molten steel temperature should be controlled.     

铝化学升温技术在镍铁精炼工艺中的应用

文章主要阐述了镍铁精炼的工艺流程以及镍铁精炼化学升温过程中,当达到目标温度时,镍铁成分的变化、铝的加入量与吨镍铁温升的关系、吹氧强度与温升的关系以及镍铁中碳含量与加铝量的关系。在镍铁精炼工艺中,首次使用了铝作为发热剂补偿镍铁精炼过程中的温度损失。实践表明,镍铁精炼过程采用铝升温技术,升温的速度和幅度都超出设计值,也突破了钢铁行业对于铝升温技术的原有认识。     

转炉冶炼IF钢终点氧含量控制分析

转炉冶炼终点钢水中的氧是产生钢中夹杂物的根源,对钢的洁净度有着不利的影响。为了加强转炉终点氧含量的控制水平,提高产品的内部质量。通过对某厂转炉冶炼IF钢现场试验研究,分析了转炉终点碳氧含量的分布状态,研究了碳含量、炉龄、终点温度和氧耗量等因素对终点氧含量的影响规律,并提出了降低转炉终点氧含量的技术措施。