基于可拓学和HowNet的策略生成系统研究进展

在已有可拓策略生成系统框架基础上,利用可拓信息-知识-策略形式化表示体系、HowNet的知识系统描述语言(KDML)和Agent的智能引导,建立了基于可拓学和HowNet的策略生成系统的基本流程和系统框架结构,增强了可拓策略生成系统解决矛盾问题的能力,改善了知识资源缺乏问题,提高了其问题模型建立的准确性和知识处理能力。初步的应用显示了该研究的优越性。把可拓学和HowNet这2个中国原创的理论和应用工具相结合研究策略生成系统,将使这项有别于传统研究思路的基础研究取得重要突破,产生具有完全自主知识产权的成果。这也是为将来能实现矛盾问题的智能化处理作基础性的工作。     

不确定知识的可拓表示和推理研究

先通过对知识表示和可拓学的描述,在可信度的基础上提出一种新的不确定知识可拓表示的模型,再进行可拓推理,在推理策略方面进行改进,得到一种可拓启发式搜索算法EHSA。     

可拓信息-知识-智能形式化体系研究

利用可拓论和可拓方法，把信息、知识和智能统一在一个形式化体系中，用可拓推理和可拓变换，去建立生成策略的推理规则，把可拓集合和关联函数作为策略生成和策略评价的定量化工具，探讨建立“可拓信息-知识-智能形式化体系”．给出了建立该体系的框架和主要功能模块．这一研究为利用计算机辅助解决矛盾问题提供可行的工具，为提高计算机的智能化水平创造基础条件．     

几何效应的可拓知识表示研究

科学效应中蕴含庞大的科学知识,是面向功能矛盾问题求解的重要基础。为了建立科学效应的可拓知识库,实现面向功能问题的可拓智能设计,提出了一种以几何效应为例的面向实际应用的可拓知识表示方法,利用该方法对实际问题中几何效应的输入与输出关系所蕴含的可拓知识进行形式化表示。首先根据几何效应,建立基元模型;根据领域知识和可拓学中的相关规则,建立基元间的相关关系;根据主动变换、传导变换知识和基元的发散规则,对相关网中某基元实施主动变换;再根据可拓变换的蕴含系和传导变换规则,得到一系列的传导变换,进而建立可拓知识表达式,实现输入与输出的转换关系的表达;最后以双曲面搅拌器设计为例进一步拓展相应的可拓知识以解决领域问题。本研究可以使设计人员更加全面地理解几何效应实现的机理,以便更准确地选择应用几何效应解决实际问题,也为其他类型科学效应的可拓知识表示研究打下良好基础。     

可拓传导知识挖掘系统的设计与实现

由于现实事物间存在一定的相关性,决策者处理矛盾问题时需要传导知识作为参考依据。为此设计传导知识及可拓分类知识的挖掘流程及算法,实现在计算机上完成可拓知识的动态挖掘。利用j Query及bootstrap技术实现Web前端开发,采用MVC框架模式进行整体设计提高系统的灵活性及通用型。可拓传导知识挖掘系统通过传导信息元的传导效应及其可信度计算,获取传导度及传导度区间,有效挖掘量变或质变的传导知识。此外,给出可拓传导知识挖掘系统在高校教师工作量中的具体应用。结果表明支持度及可信度较高的传导知识,能帮助院校管理层从量上了解某策略对教师科研及教学工作量产生正面或负面影响的程度,有利于管理者找出调控教师工作量的有效策略。     

基于粗糙分类的不确定可拓群决策数据挖掘及应用

针对可拓分类的不足及分类中存在的不确定性,将关联函数与决策函数相结合,研究不确定条件下可拓群决策的可拓变换与粗糙分类、属性约简与规则提取、数据分析与方案识别,以实现决策对象在不确定条件下的比较与选择;解决了多方案可拓分类和动态识别的系统分类问题,提高了可拓群决策数据挖掘的准确性和可信度.     

基于本体的可拓知识链获取

相对于静态的知识，定义了基于可拓变换的可拓知识，可拓知识是变化的知识．在可拓知识定理（从知识中获取可拓知识）和可拓推理公式的基础上，证明了基于集合的可拓知识定理和基于本体的可拓知识链定理．通过实例，在多维层次数据中，获取问题产生原因的可拓知识链．     

精神疲劳识别的可拓模型与策略生成

精神疲劳识别中普遍存在着方法的侵扰性、实时性与识别准确率之间相矛盾的问题.为此,引入可拓理论和方法来建立问题的可拓模型,针对矛盾主体建立关联函数和策略优度函数.结合领域知识,通过拓展分析、可拓变换对矛盾进行转化,生成多种同时满足非侵扰性、实时性和识别准确率的特征和识别策略,并对策略优度进行计算和分析.实验研究验证了本方法的有效性.本研究为计算机模拟人类思维进行算法研究和创新奠定了基础.     

从用户需求语句建立问题可拓模型的研究

准确地建立待解决问题的可拓模型是可拓策略生成的关键步骤。目前的可拓策略生成系统在建立可拓模型时因自然语言理解的困难,未能充分理解用户需求,所以较难自动建立问题的可拓模型。提出了解析用户自然语言需求语句、并自动建立可拓模型的方法。该方法的核心包括4步:1)对用户需求语句进行组块分析得到短语序列;2)对短语序列进行分类;3)使用匹配规则抽取分类后的短语,得到便于计算机处理的需求信息;4)结合数据库技术进行可拓模型的建立。以租房问题为案例,实现了该方法。实验结果表明,该方法能较好地理解用户需求信息并成功建立租房问题可拓模型。     

可拓数据挖掘的概念与理论

论文从数据挖掘概念和理论拓宽到可拓数据挖掘概念和理论,证明了两个可拓数据挖掘定理,并通过实例说明可拓数据挖掘是:在数据挖掘中获取的知识的基础上,通过可拓变换,获取可拓变换规则知识(变化知识)。     

Evaluating the effectiveness of expert system for performing agricultural extension services in India

This research study was carried out to assess the effect of using expert system on the performance and decision making skill of the extension personnel. The study concludes that there was an enhancement in decision making skill and performance of the extension personnel after using the expert system on maize. It is feasible to use an expert system as a decision support tool for transfer of agricultural technologies to the farming community.     

基于工程决策的专家系统模型设计与研究

工程决策的影响因子和参数繁多且复杂,为提高工程决策的可用性和准确性提出基于工程决策的专家系统模型。模型根据现有数据模型结合实际需求,在关系数据内部形成知识支撑环境模型,采用框架和产生式规则相结合的方法,将推理过程与专家知识库结合,并提出一种综合评估方法为支持,辅助生产方案设计和措施调整。以油田实际生产现状为例,给出了相应油田异常井措施调整方案的推理过程,完成了模型的实例设计和实现,达到了提供辅助决策以提高决策可用性和准确性的目的。     

Integrated decision support and expert systems in a computer integrated manufacturing environment

In a computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) environment, well planning, control and operational process require both expert knowledge of the area, and powerful decision support capabilities. This paper discusses the features of decision support systems and expert systems, and their integration to support the major functions from marketing and strategic level considerations to manufacturing operational planning and process. From the hierarchical structure of information flow in a company, this paper attempts to find the best way of combining decision support systems with expert systems in enhancing the planning, control and operational functions in a CIM environment.     

Computer networks design using hybrid fuzzy expert systems

 Designing and configuring large computer networks to support a variety of applications and computational environments is difficult, as it not only requires highly specialized technical skills and knowledge, but also a deep understanding of a dynamic commercial market. Hybrid fuzzy expert systems integrate fuzzy expert systems and neural networks methods replacing classical hard decision methods and providing better performance than traditional techniques. In this paper, we present an integrated fuzzy expert system, machine learning, and neural networks approach to large structured computer networks design and evaluation. After presenting an overview of the system and the major research choices, we describe in detail the system's modules and present examples of its potential use.     

Supporting multi-criteria decisions based on a hierarchical structure by taking advantage of acquired knowledge

In this paper, an approach to decision making is described. It combines a knowledge acquisition technique, a multi-attribute decision making technique, a validation technique and a machine learning algorithm. The suggested system is an extension of a previous decision support system based on the fuzzy repertory table technique. The aim is to increase its efficiency when dealing with a great amount of alternatives and criteria. The solution is based on a mechanism to divide the original problem into several simpler sub-problems. Moreover, a case study is presented to illustrate how the proposed system is used to design a Product Search Assistant. It will be integrated into a multi-agent architecture developed to give support to an e-marketplace.     

A web-based information and decision support system for appropriateness in medicine

In the last few years, the WWW has frequently been used in a variety of applications, to provide up-to-date and platform-independent access to relevant information. In medicine, building and sharing knowledge about new theories, technologies and discoveries is of major concern. In this respect, there is a real need for physicians to be provided with efficient tools that offer targeted access to information about literature, expert opinions, medical statistics and epidemiology, in order to help them in their decision process. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of a generic Web-based environment that provides physicians with an integrated access to medical information as well as decision making support facilities. The emphasis is given on the design issues and the benefits of combining several approaches: using structured documents and databases to manage information and, argumentation tools to support the communication.     

An integrated expert system/operations research approach for the optimization of natural gas pipeline operations

This paper reports on a project, conducted jointly between SaskEnergy/Transgas and the University of Regina, which aims at developing an integrated decision support system for the optimization of natural gas pipeline operations. In this integrated approach, both expert systems and operations research techniques are used to model the operations of the gas pipelines. The decision support system can perform the tasks of (1) determining the state of the line pack of the pipelines and recommending the control commands to be issued, (2) determining the associated horsepower requirement, and (3) determining the specific compressor unit to be turned on or off. The first two tasks are performed by an expert system, and the third by a fuzzy programming model. The expert system has been developed on G2 and validated using a simulation program.     

An integrated expert system/operations research approach for the optimization of waste incinerator siting problems

This research aims at developing an integrated decision support system for the optimization of waste incinerator siting problems. In this integrated approach, both expert system and operations research techniques are used to model the siting problems of waste incinerator. Furthermore, an expert decision support system (EDSS) is implemented for the above problem and thus providing the decision makers a useful tool for decision-making. This EDSS is based on multi-criteria decision analysis in finding the best incinerator site by minimizing costs and environmental impacts. The proposed approach identifies a hierarchy of objectives for the siting problem. First of all, several potential sites need to be screened as a set of feasible alternative sites. Second, those alternative feasible sites will be further evaluated via the multi-criteria decision making methods. For the evaluation process, we solve a 0/1 combinatorial optimization problem at the upper level and proceed the multi-attribute utility function at the lower level to get the optimal solutions. An empirical application of a real world waste incinerator site selection existing in Taichung City, Taiwan is followed in the end. Computational results both of the cost minimization and of the whole systems are also provided.     

Integrating artificial neural networks with rule-based expert systems

The Rule-Based (RB) and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approaches to expert systems development have each demonstrated some specific advantages and disadvantages. These two approaches can be integrated to exploit the advantages and minimize the disadvantages of each method used alone. An RB/ANN integrated approach is proposed to facilitate the development of an expert system which provides a “high-performance” knowledge-based network, an explanation facility, and an input/output facility. In this case study an expert system designed to assist managers in forecasting the performance of stock prices is developed to demonstrate the advantages of this integrated approach and how it can enhance support for managerial decision making.     

一种集成定性定量的决策方法在水、火联合电力系统长期调度中的应用

以水、火联合电力系统长期调度问题为背景，探讨了一个基于分解协调算法的集成定性定量决策系统的设计和应用。其中约束自调整方法构成了定性决策算法的核心。对华中电网的试算证明，该系统的决策支持性能好，具有柔性。由于实现了专家知识与算法的有机集成，因而能满足各种实际要求，可操作性强。