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《现代农药》2018,(6)
采用现有的风险评估标准方法,评估了花生上登记农药对鸟类和蜜蜂的初级风险。结果表明,在喷施农药中,辛硫磷、毒死蜱和多菌灵对鸟类的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受;溴氰菊酯、代森锌和多效唑对蜜蜂的风险不可接受。在所评估的8种种子处理农药中,毒死蜱、辛硫磷、吡虫啉、呋虫胺和噻虫嗪对鸟类的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受。在所评估的9种颗粒剂农药中,克百威、丁硫克百威、涕灭威、二嗪磷和灭线磷对鸟类的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受。在所评估的21种土壤或种子处理内吸性农药中,吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、呋虫胺、克百威、涕灭威和丁硫克百威对蜜蜂的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受。建议对上述农药进行高级风险评估或采取风险降低措施。 相似文献
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《农药》2019,(11)
[目的]建立一种测定13%丁硫克百威·噻虫嗪ZC中有效成分含量及微囊包封率的高效液相色谱分析方法。[方法]选用Promosil C18色谱柱,在甲醇和水体积比为85∶15的流动相条件下,选择280 nm为检测波长,对试样中丁硫克百威和噻虫嗪进行有效分离和定量检测。[结果]方法对丁硫克百威和噻虫嗪两组分的线性相关系数分别为0.9993和0.9995,标准偏差为0.040%和0.029%,相对标准偏差为0.387%和0.921%,平均添加回收率分别为99.98%和100.46%。[结论]该方法简便快速,准确度高,精密度好,适用于13%丁硫克百威·噻虫嗪ZC的质量控制及检测。 相似文献
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1、杀虫剂胺丙畏、苯胺硫磷(胺甲硫磷)、丙硫磷、甲丙硫磷、速杀硫磷、三唑磷、毒死碑、二嗪农、杀扑磷、特丁磷、杀螟威、蔬果磷、灭多威、硫双灭多威、残杀威、抗蚜威、丁硫克百威、甲氨菊酯、灭蚊菊酯、富右反式丙烯菊酯、富右反式丙炔菊酯、右旋炔戊菊酯、右旋苯氰菊酯、溴氟菊酯、高顺氯氰菊酯、高效顺反氯氰菊酯、氯氟菊酯、S—反式丙烯菊酯、甲氧滴滴 相似文献
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不同药剂防控稻水象甲幼虫试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《农药》2016,(8)
[目的]试验研究5种杀虫剂不同剂量对稻水象甲幼虫的防治效果,筛选5%丁硫克百威颗粒剂的替代药剂。[方法]进行盆栽、田间小区试验。[结果]20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂90.00、120.00、150.00 g a.i./hm~2,0.5%噻虫胺颗粒剂225.00、300.00 g a.i./hm~2,4%吡虫·毒死蜱颗粒剂2400.00 g a.i./hm~2,50%氟啶虫胺腈水分散粒剂150.00、187.50 g a.i./hm~2处理防控稻水象甲幼虫,药后15 d防效均在70%以上。[结论]20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂、0.5%噻虫胺颗粒剂、50%氟啶虫胺腈水分散粒剂、4%吡虫·毒死蜱颗粒剂可以作为5%丁硫克百威颗粒剂的替代药剂,防控稻水象甲幼虫,建议在生产中交替使用。 相似文献
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随着种植业结构调整,我市苗木及旱作面积逐年加大,地下害虫为害也在逐年加重。为害香樟幼苗田的主要是蛴螬、小地老虎和蝼蛄,造成缺苗断垄。由于害虫生活在地下,防治十分困难,多年来,农民习惯用3%呋喃丹颗粒剂进行防治,但药效逐年下降。为了解决这一生产上的难题,我们于2002年选用几种杀虫剂进行了防治香樟幼苗田地下害虫田间试验,取得了显著效果。 1 材料与方法 1.1 供试药剂 5%好年冬(丁硫克百威)G,杭州天一农化有限公司;5%二嗪农(二嗪磷)G,镇江农药厂;3%地虫克星(辛硫磷)G,铜山农药厂;3%呋喃丹(克百威)G,杭州天一农化… 相似文献
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17种杀虫剂对细胸金针虫的毒力评价 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用土壤混药法,测定了17种杀虫剂对细胸金针虫的室内毒力.结果表明:供试药剂中苯并吡唑类杀虫剂氟虫腈对细胸金针虫幼虫的毒力最高,LC50值为0.007613 mg/kg土.有机磷类杀虫剂也具有较高的毒力,其中二嗪磷、毒死蜱和辛硫磷的毒力最高,3种杀虫剂的LC50值分别为0.0612、0.1007、0.1230 mg/kg土;哒嗪硫磷和丙溴磷的毒力也较高,其LC50值均低于5 mg/kg土;马拉硫磷和敌百虫对试虫的毒力较低,LC50值分别为6.4887、13.801 8 mg/kg土.氯代烟酰类杀虫剂对试虫也具有较高的毒力,其中氯噻啉对试虫的LC50值为2.638 5 mg/kg土,啶虫脒LC50值为3.2364 mg/kg土,吡虫啉的毒力较低,其LC50值10.8264 mg/kg土.拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂氯氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯对试虫也具有一定的毒力,其LC50值分别为11.1860、22.289 1 mg/kg土.微生物源杀虫剂阿维菌素和几丁质合成抑剂灭幼脲、杀铃脲和除虫脲对细胸金针虫幼虫的毒力较低,在剂量为 50 mg/kg土时,其校正死亡率均在40%以下. 相似文献
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烯啶虫胺等13种杀虫剂对褐飞虱的室内毒力测定与评价 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
采用稻苗浸渍法测定了烯啶虫胺等13种药剂对褐飞虱的室内毒力。结果表明,属于超高效的杀虫剂有烯啶虫胺、氟虫腈、噻嗪酮,对3龄若虫5d的LC50分别为0.13、0.19、0.29mg/L;属于高效的药剂有吡虫啉、氯噻啉、阿维菌素、甲维盐、高效氯氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯、二嗪磷,对3龄若虫的LC50介于1~10mg/L之间;属于有效的药剂有毒死蜱、异丙威、吡蚜酮,对3龄若虫5d的LC50分别为14.68、22.13、28.07mg/L。根据药剂类型、作用方式、作用机制等,建议防治稻飞虱时首选烯啶虫胺、噻嗪酮、吡蚜酮等药剂。 相似文献
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采用浸叶法比较了5%丁烯氟虫腈乳油和5%氟虫腈悬浮剂对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的毒力。结果表明,前者“速效性”不及后者,但随着用药时间的延长,5%丁烯氟虫腈乳油对小菜蛾的毒力增加较快,两者对小菜蛾毒力之间的差异逐渐减小。在相同浓度下,丁烯氟虫腈对小菜蛾的致死速度稍低于氟虫腈。用2mg/L浓度药液处理72h后,两者的校正死亡率分别为93.33%和95.56%,无显著性差异存在;两者对试虫的毒力数据即LC50、LC95亦处于相同水平;在低浓度下,丁烯氟虫腈对小菜蛾的活性低于氟虫腈。 相似文献
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[目的]进行丁硫克百威和戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂的研究,防治玉米丝黑穗病和地下害虫。[方法]利用湿法研磨的加工工艺对7%丁硫克百威·戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂的配方中各个组分进行了筛选和优化。[结果]丁硫克百威6%,戊唑醇1%,0201B 6%,EL-80 5%,NNO 3%,白炭黑2%,硅酸镁铝0.1%,乙二醇5%,警戒色3%,复配成膜剂10%,去离子水补齐至100%。[结论]对该制剂的性能指标进行了测试评价,结果显示该制剂的各控制项目指标符合悬浮种衣剂的相关标准。发芽率100%,使用安全,社会效益、经济效益显著。 相似文献
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Yong Xu Liying Wang Yujia Tong Sheng Xiang Xinyu Guo Jing Li Haixiang Gao Xuemin Wu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2016,133(35)
Polyurethane, a controlled release material, has been widely applied in many fields due to its high thermal and mechanical stability, corrosion resistance, and low cost. In this article, we prepared carbosulfan/polyurethane microcapsules by an interfacial polymerization method using modified isocyanate as the precursor and triethanolamine as a curing agent. The microcapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, and their release kinetics, chemical stability, and the safety of wheat seeds coating were also detected. The microcapsules had an excellent encapsulation efficiency and loading ability for carbosulfan ∼96.23% and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, the microcapsules improved the chemical stability of the carbosulfan and exhibited an excellent sustained release property (above 30 days), which controlled the carbosulfan and carbofuran at an appropriate level for reducing the adverse effects on the environment and agricultural products. The coated wheat seeds germination rate test showed that compared with the emulsifiable concentrate, the microcapsules almost had no effect on the germination rate, plant height, and root length. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43844. 相似文献
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几种药剂对黑绒鳃金龟成虫的药效评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]近年河北省太行山区黑绒鳃金龟成虫对苹果幼树为害严重,筛选其有效控制药剂十分迫切和必要.[方法]采用浸虫法和饲喂法在室内测定了8种药剂对黑绒鳃金龟的生物活性.[结果]480 g/L毒死蜱乳油、20%丁硫克百威乳油和2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油有较高的药效;进一步毒力测定结果显示:48 h胃毒毒力的LC50值分别为0.3699、0.1860、0.0498 g/L;触杀毒力为0.0379、0.0693、1.6494 g/L.[结论]以上3种药剂有较好防治效果,可用于目前黑绒鳃金龟成虫的防治. 相似文献
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Qun Zhao Min Yang Yanping Deng Haitao Yu Linlin Wang Fukang Teng Kenka Cho Hongmei Ma Peng Wu Xue Li Wanying Wu Xuan Liu Feng Xu Baohong Jiang De-An Guo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(12):29345-29356
Our previous study indicated that the combination of salvianolic acid B (SalB) and ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), the main components of Salvia miltiorrhizae and Panax notoginseng, improves myocardium structure and ventricular function in rats with ischemia/reperfusion injury. The present study aimed to determine the safety of the combined SalB and Rg1 (SalB-Rg1) in mice. The safety of SalB-Rg1 was evaluated through acute toxicity and repeated-dose toxicity. In the acute toxicity study, the up and down procedure was carried out firstly, and then, the Bliss method was applied. In the toxicity study for seven-day repeated treatment of SalB-Rg1, forty Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups. The intravenous median lethal dose (LD50) of the SalB-Rg1 combination was 1747 mg/kg using the Bliss method. For both the acute toxicity study and the seven-day repeated toxicity study, SalB-Rg1 did not induce significant abnormality on brain, heart, kidney, liver and lung structure at any dose based on H&E stain. There were no significant changes related to the SalB-Rg1 toxicity detected on biochemical parameters for two kinds of toxicity studies. The LD50 in mice was 1747 mg/kg, which was more than one hundred times higher than the effective dose. Both studies of acute toxicity and seven-day repeated dose toxicity indicated the safety of the SalB-Rg1 combination. 相似文献