中国对中亚五国投资研究文献综述

对我国学者关于中国对中亚五国投资的研究成果进行了系统性梳理,发现中国对中亚五国投资的研究主要分为四个研究方向,即明确了"投资"的定义;中亚五国的投资环境分析;中国对中亚五国投资现状、区位选择以及影响因素分析;中国对中亚五国的投资效应和效率分析。基于数据可得性,相关研究文献以定性分析为主,定量分析较少。     

中亚五国能源产业投资环境评估

面对国际国内新形势,我国于2015年3月提出了"一带一路"的构想,战略重点在于对外投资。中亚位于丝绸之路经济带核心区,加之能源资源丰富,具有重要的战略地位。我国与中亚五国在政治、经济、文化和地缘环境等方面的投资合作拥有广阔的前景。基于主成分分析法,参考了当前国内投资评估专家组建立的投资环境指标体系,建立了评价中亚能源产业投资环境的指标体系,对中亚五国能源产业投资环境进行评估。结果显示:哈萨克斯坦的能源产业投资环境现状最优,其次是乌兹别克斯坦,土库曼斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦分别居于第三、第四位,塔吉克斯坦的投资环境最差。     

国际工程政治风险和汇率风险分析及防范

<正>随着"一带一路"国家级战略的提出,越来越多的中国承包商选择走向国际工程市场。然而,纵观"一带一路"涉及到的国家,多处于亚非拉地区,政治局势和货币汇率并不稳定。我国承包商在这些国家进行资本投资和工程承包时,必须高度重视政治风险和汇率风险,以确保项目的顺利实施。一、国际工程的政治风险国际工程的政治风险指工程项目所在国发生政治事件导致项目投资者蒙受损失的风险。一般来说,项目所在国政局稳定     

“一带一路”背景下我国互联网经济模式在中亚优势分析——以哈萨克斯坦为例

中亚五国地处欧亚大陆的核心地带,是"一带一路"倡议下连接欧亚的中心桥梁。当前发展数字经济已经成为全球趋势,中亚五国也正在大力发展互联网和IT产业,而中国在互联网经济和数字化建设方面具有成功经验,应该抢抓先机。目前在中亚地区国际企业间竞争激烈,选取中亚五国中互联网基础较好的哈萨克斯坦作为研究对象,通过分析哈国互联网市场概况,总结出我国互联网经济模式在中亚国际竞争中具有的优势。     

抓住机遇 走出国门——中国中元中亚市场拓展之路

本文通过对中亚五国工程市场的分析,结合企业特点,经过有效自我分析和评价,阐述如何把握机遇、采取各种有效的对应措施,进军海外市场。同时认识到国际工程承包市场利润的重心在向产业链的前端和后端转移,单纯的工程施工业务利润越来越低。最后提出要在国际工程承包市场上发展壮大,最终就必须要参与到项目的融资。     

论中亚五国新闻事业的发展规模及特点

中亚五国——哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦和土库曼斯坦的新闻事业通过多年的建设,在数量和质量上得到了显著提高,已成为在各国发展中作用较大的社会事业。在多年的发展过程中,中亚五国的新闻传播事业也凝练出了一些特点。本文主要对中亚五国新闻事业目前的发展规模及特点进行探讨分析。     

中国与中亚五国经贸合作探析

中亚与中国的贸易合作对于中国的经济发展与边疆稳定具有重要作用。对中国和中亚五国的经济合作现状进行分析,认为中国和中亚在能源合作拥有广阔的发展前景,但是中国与中亚五国之间的合作还存在着贸易不平衡,中亚五国政治制度不稳定,恐怖活动频发,缺少对中国形象的正面宣传等问题,提出加大能源领域合作力度,加强贸易互补性,进一步扩大安全领域合作,加强文化交流等对策建议。     

人民币区域化发展研究——以中亚五国为例

国际金融危机爆发以来,改革现有的国际货币体系,已成为国际社会的共识。中国要想实现人民币国际化,应先从人民币区域化入手,逐步推进,这是公认比较可行的实现路径。基于国际货币理论和人民币区域化理论,对"丝绸之路"经济带上的中亚五国在贸易、投资过程中人民币的流通现状进行分析,认为人民币在中亚五国实现区域化具有可行性,目前仍存在贸易结构不合理,投资不稳定,跨境贸易人民币结算失衡等问题。提出加强沟通协调,加快市场化建设,保持人民币市值稳定等对策建议。     

中亚五国投资环境比较研究

随着"一带一路"建设的深入开展,中亚作为欧亚大陆核心地带的重要地位也日益凸显。对中亚五国投资环境的研究有助于我国加深与中亚五国的经济往来,增强我国在中亚地区的合作优势。对中亚五国的投资环境做定性比较研究,并在此基础上运用主成分分析原理,对其投资环境做定量比较研究,得出研究结论。     

项目视角下的国际工程项目政治风险评价——基于灰色关联分析和二元语义评价组合模型

国际工程项目承包企业对外承包工程项目面临巨大的政治风险,对国际工程项目的政治风险进行科学的量化评估显得尤为重要。从工程项目视角出发,应用灰色关联分析法揭示政治风险与工程项目之间的内在关系,以灰色综合关联度加以表示;统计分析项目风险管理人员的风险评价信息,以灰色相关系数作为指标参考权重,展开目标国政治风险的二元语义评价。应用情景分析法,根据国内外权威机构发布的历史数据,通过以上组合模型,获得目标国工程项目面临的政治风险等级,并提出相应的应对策略,对国际工程项目的风险决策有一定的参考价值。     

“一带一路”沿线国家对建筑企业社会责任期望研究

为促进中国建筑企业在“一带一路”沿线国家更加适当地履行企业社会责任,树立良好的中国品牌,塑造令沿线国家信服的中国形象,基于制度理论来分析东道国对建筑企业社会责任期望,建立“一带一路”沿线国家对建筑企业社会责任期望框架。采用聚类分析对“一带一路”沿线国家对建筑企业社会责任期望不同类型进行实证研究。结论表明,基于不同国家特定制度背景下的政治、经济、社会、文化和环境维度的差异性影响,东道国对建筑企业社会责任期望可以划分为“质量”“经济”“风险”“传统”和“综合”5种类型。中国建筑企业在这些国家建设时,须充分考虑东道国对建筑企业社会责任的期望类型,为中国建筑企业更好地在“一带一路”沿线国家因地制宜履行企业社会责任提供参考。     

The moderating role of governance environment on the relationship between risk allocation and private investment in PPP markets: Evidence from developing countries

PPPs have become a popular way to supply infrastructure around the world. However, compared with developed countries, most developing countries have failed to attract private investment over the past years. Risk allocation and governance environment (e.g., the extent of public participation, the level of political stability, the quality of public services, the ability of regulations, abiding the law, and the extent of corruption) may be important factors. To test the hypotheses, using about 4560 PPP projects in 138 developing countries from 2002 to 2015, this paper applies the Tobit regression model to investigate the interaction effect of governance environment and risk assumed by private partners on private investment. Results indicate that private partners assume that less risk can attract more private investment, and that a higher level of governance (control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and rule of law) reduces the negative influence of risk assumed by private partners on private investments.     

Auckland: Rescaled governance and post-suburban politics

The nature and politics of urban development in Auckland have undergone rapid transformation following amalgamation of eight separate authorities in 2010. Institutions governing metropolitan planning and infrastructure provision were rescaled to form the Auckland ‘Super City’ Council in 2010, with an ambitious vision to become the world's most liveable city and ongoing political contestation between the local and central government. Amalgamation of Auckland's governance was conceived and imposed by the central government as part of a broader economic strategy for “competitive cities”. However, Auckland Council's first strategic plan adopted a contrasting agenda, centred around the goal of “liveability”. Auckland's recent developments illustrate the challenges of a distinctly post-suburban polity. The majority of employment is located in suburban areas and the city has variegated and overlapping patterns in spatial form generated through inconsistent infrastructure interventions across local and national authorities. Conflicting urban policy agenda at national and local scales shows a tension between the pursuit of economic development and provision for collective needs. The politics of post-suburban development create specific challenges for Auckland's governance. Liveability and economic competitiveness are treated as complementary terms in political rhetoric, however trade-offs emerge at a smaller spatial scales. Public concern over housing affordability and risks to the financial stability of New Zealand's economy have led to central government intervention and renegotiation of authority between different tiers of government for land use and infrastructure provision. Auckland's position as New Zealand's largest city and economic centre frequently blurs the distinction between issues of local and national significance. Auckland's governance challenges are not unique, however the current tensions are exacerbated by its dominance in a small and geographically-isolated nation.     

中国建筑施工企业国际化程度比较分析

至2007年我国共有51家建筑施工企业进入ENR统计国际市场前225名,总营业额达到226.78亿美元,占国际工程市场总值的7.31%。文章通过建筑企业国际营业额、国际收入比、企业国际业务分布、专业领域分布指标,并赋予不同权重,建立建筑企业国际化程度度量模型,对我国进入ENR的51家建筑企业的国际化程度进行评价并排序。经实证分析发现,有27家企业国际化程度总得分比按ENR的排名高,有21家排名比按ENR的排名低,3家排名不变,国际化程度最高的是中国交通建设集团有限公司;在地域分布上入选的51家公司有27家公司总部位于华北,占总数的52.9%,华东、华南次之;中国建筑施工企业与国外顶级建筑企业在国际化程度上的最大差距是国际营业额与国际收入比,因此增加该两项指标是提高企业国际化水平的关键所在。     

A comparative analysis of global stakeholders’ perceptions of the governance quality of the clean development mechanism (CDM) and reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+)

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and the nascent solution of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) are two global market-based mechanisms that link developed and developing countries. This paper provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of global-level stakeholders’ perceptions regarding the governance of the CDM focusing on environmental, social, economic, governmental and institutional participants. The research conducted was by means of an anonymous online survey using an analytical approach based on principles, criteria and indicators (PC&I). It compares these findings with the results of a similar survey conducted by the authors on REDD+. Stakeholders from both developed countries and the developing countries were asked to rate the quality of these mechanisms against 11 performance indicators using a Likert scale (1–5). Overall, the results of CDM stakeholders from both developed and developing countries were very similar, indicating a common perception. The highest and lowest total scores were obtained from institutional and social stakeholders, respectively, demonstrating that these two groups have considerable differences in perceptions from other interests. CDM failed two indicators, ‘equality’ and ‘resources’, and passed all other nine indicators only marginally. The performance of REDD+ was much higher than CDM in all aspects of governance surveyed. The major differences were in ‘equality’ and ‘problem solving’, followed by ‘transparency’ and ‘democracy’. If the CDM is to continue in the post-Kyoto period, some major systemic changes in governance are necessary. Here, there are some lessons to be learnt from REDD+.     

Late Modernity to Postmodern? The Rise of Global Resilience and its Progressive Potentials for Local Disaster Planning (Seattle and Paris)

ABSTRACT

This paper studies how approaches to disaster planning have been changing with the rise of ‘resilience,’ a concept that has been widely recommended by various international institutions. The critical studies on resilience argue that resilience only serves to legitimise a neoliberal policy agenda that is compatible with a global economic system of capitalism. Contesting that position, this paper argues that the rise of resilience can imply a shift in the mode of governance, and an opportunity for planners to engage with more progressive practices. To make this argument, we propose a ‘postmodern lens’ through which resilience can be seen as an attitude and a style of governance that goes beyond neoliberal assumptions by embracing uncertainty and complexity of governance challenges. Postmodern framing of resilience notes (1) how the concept can initiate a shift in the planner’s view of and practices on knowledges (going beyond ‘expert knowledge’), (2) how the flexibility of the concept can be used for developing political narratives that are progressive (3) how the concept can open up potential venues for nonconventional powers to intervene in policy making processes. To demonstrate how this lens works, we compare the cases of Seattle and Paris, which have drastically different risk governance political structures.     

The role,organisation and contribution of community enterprise to urban regeneration policy in the UK

This monograph investigates the organisation, constitution and delivery of community-based organisations which are normally called community enterprises in the UK. These are organisations which emerge from local communities at the neighbourhood level, work in partnership with the public and private sectors, and provide a range of services to meet social, economic and environmental needs. The main focus of the paper is to explore how these organisations contribute to local regeneration strategies, generate social capital and contribute towards the promotion of civil society in general. The main emphasis is on organisations in England and Wales but comparisons are made with the USA and other countries where relevant literature is available. The key questions to be answered relate to the organisation and management of these bodies; the extent to which they engage with and contribute to local regeneration strategies; and the impact they have particularly in acquiring and managing assets. The diversity of the sector, and the range, scale and level of benefits it can deliver is illustrated through five detailed case studies of community enterprises established at different times, in different geographical locations and with different objectives and funding regimes. But, whilst the UK political economy is moving towards less state intervention and more community self-help, the community development corporations in the USA provide an indication of the future direction community enterprises might take in the UK as part of a broad trend towards civic capacity building.     

State-led metropolitan governance in China: Making integrated city regions

Scholars have widely discussed the issue of how to govern rapidly growing metropolitan regions under the economic, social and political pressures of globalization. Many have argued for a metropolitan governance approach that involves less government regulation and more flexible arrangements between public and civic sectors. However, in countries like China, where a traditionally centralized state controls most resources and seeks to impose its vision for metropolitan development, a strong state-led approach is widely adopted. This article analyzes such a state-led model in China and identifies the economic and political factors that contribute to such development. It is suggested that metropolitan governance in China has formed a strong top-down, “dirigiste type” model to achieve state objectives. Findings are drawn from field observation, archival research and socio-economic data analysis in the Guangzhou–Foshan metropolitan region of the Pearl River Delta region in China.     

Rural mobilization as rural development: exploring the impacts of new regionalism in Wales and Finland

In the current European context, ‘rural development’ is now a much over‐used and misunderstood term. Far from denoting a specific concern for the particular social and economic problems of ‘peripheral rural communities’, since the Cork Declaration of 1996, European policy making, both at central and regional levels, has more meaningfully adopted broader principles of ‘integrated rural development’. However, while many member states are beginning to move away from a sectoral ‘silo’ approach with regard to the management of their rural areas, in recent years the parallel arenas of environmental, cultural, regional and economic development agendas have all become much more vibrant. Looking at the rural regions of Wales in the UK and Ostrobothnia in western Finland, this paper examines some of these contemporary and parallel arenas with regard to their influence in shaping the nature of rural governance. While a rural development policy network is seen to be developing, major questions are raised about how this will position itself in the unfolding multi‐level governance structure.     

建筑业企业价值创新文化力效率评价

文化力是建筑业企业价值创新三大环境力之一。本文基于文化、文化力和企业文化力的文献回顾,提出文化治理是文化力对建筑业企业价值创新作用的最高层次。基于此,将其划分为企业精神文化力、企业制度文化力、企业行为文化力和企业物质文化力四个层次,并构建其相应的指标体系。为了有效测度文化力对建筑业企业价值创新的效率,采用层次分析法分析四种文化力权重,然后以DEA 为中心模型提出建筑业企业价值创新文化力效率评价模型,并以项目偏差思想为基础构建效率波动分析图寻求建筑业企业价值创新文化力指标之间的效率差距。建筑业企业实证研究表明该方法可以有效地测度建筑业企业价值创新的文化力效率。