两性聚合物的合成及电流变性能

采用对氨基苯磺酸和2,2’-二氨基-4．4’-双噻唑合成一种含有双噻唑基和两性基团的共轭聚合物,通过红外、扫描电镜、热重分析等测试了该物质的结构及热稳定性等,并通过将聚合物分散在硅油和溴代二苯甲烷中制备电流变流体,测试其电流变性能。结果表明,两性聚合物作为电流变体的分散相有利于电流变性能的提高,同时发现分散相和分散介质的密度相接近时也有利于电流变性能的提高。     

β-环糊精淀粉类树脂的制备和电流变性能

分别由不含淀粉、含水溶性淀粉或不溶性淀粉的β-环糊精与环氧氯丙烷的聚合反应，制备出3种环境友好的β-环糊精交联聚合物和淀粉类树脂(NS—β—CDP、WSS—β—CDP和CLS—β—CDP)。用FT—IR和激光Raman光谱对其进行了分析，发现伊—环糊精交联聚合物以及β-环糊精淀粉类树脂均保留了环糊精的空腔结构，用NS—β—CDP、WSS—β—CDP和CLS—β—CDP分别与二甲基硅油配制了电流变液，研究了电流变活性。结果表明，含淀粉的聚合物的电流变活性和电场耐受能力均比NS—β—CDP的高，淀粉参与共聚后，淀粉的柔性对环糊精聚合物的刚性腔体具有很好的分散作用。     

聚线型反式喹吖啶酮的合成及电流变性能

合成并表征了平面梯形聚合物聚喹吖(2,3-b)啶-7,14(5,12)二酮(聚线型反式喹吖啶酮,PTQA);以PTQA为基础粒子,溴代二苯甲烷(BDPM)为分散介质制备了无水型电流变流体(ERF),考察了其电流变性能。研究了体系中粒子浓度、外加电场强度、剪切速率等对电流变流体的剪切应力、屈服应力和表观黏度的影响,考察了电流变流体的温度效应。结果表明,PTQA-BDPM体系是一种性能优良的电流变流体,粒子质量分数为30%的流体室温屈服应力达到6.0 kPa(3 kV/mm);体系的剪切应力随温度升高而增大,且在高温区间具有较强的温度效应。     

酚醛树脂电流变体的研制

从分子的电子云分布出发,基于富电子基团易于受电场作用而偏移的理论,对一种高性能电流变体－－酚醛树脂的研制过程进行了探讨,并测试了其力学性能、电学性能与电场强度、材料金属离子含量、温度等主要影响因素的关系,从化学结构角度提出了具有电流变效应的几种分子结构和基团。     

电流变体作用机理的研究

综述了电流变体的各种作用机理，分析了各种机理的合理性及其存在的问题，并对该方面以后的研究提出了建议。     

聚吡咯电流变体特性研究

以聚吡咯为悬浮颗粒,二甲基硅油为分散介质,制备了聚吡咯电流变体悬浮液。测试了其电流变性能,结果表明,聚吡咯电流变体具有较明显的电流变效应,并且悬浮液具有较低的漏电流密度。     

电流变体的粘弹性

电流变体是智能材料与结构中一种重要的致动器材料.本文对电流变体在电场作用下的粘弹性特性进行了实验研究.本文对电流变体进行了强制振荡试验,测试了流体在不同应力幅值、应 力频率下的剪切模量变化,得到了电流变体的复剪切模量以及剪切存储模量、损耗模量随外加电场变化的规律.     

电流变体漏电流特性研究

本文以Al2O3作为电流变体材料的颗粒相,制备电流变体,测试了材料的电流变性能,对材料的漏电流特性进行了表征,探讨了漏电流随电场强度和剪切速率的变化规律,分析了电流变体漏电流变化的原因。     

化学组成对聚苯胺类电流变体电流变效应的影响

制备了聚苯胺、聚甲基苯胺和溴化聚苯胺三种微粒,将其分别分散在氯化石蜡中形成电池变体以考察苯环取代基的性质对聚苯胺电流变效应的影响。结果表明,聚甲基苯胺电流变效应最强、溴化聚苯胺最弱。掺杂程度对聚苯胺和聚甲基苯胺电流变效应影响的研究表明,分别存在一适宜的掺杂程度使其电流变效应较好。少量的聚丙烯酸锂与聚苯胺的复合在不明显减弱其电流变效应的同时可降低其电流密度。     

电流变体特性及电流变体应用器件的进展

本文详细评述了电流变体(ERF)材料的组成、工作机理及其流变力学性能,提出以Bingham塑性体来近似描述电流变体的流变特性,综述了电流变体在智能材料、汽车离合器、液压阀门等器件中的应用,给出了含电流变体的双层智能复合材料梁单层、双层加电状态对其振动特性的影响,设计了含电流变体的主动控制式减振器,并对其在外加电场作用下的减振性能进行了评价。     

Effect of external electric field on amplitude-frequency characteristics of electrorheological damper

The amplitude-frequency characteristic of a viscous damper was experimentally studied and theoretically analyzed on the basis of a physical model of an elastic structural skeleton forming in an external electric field.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 309–315, February, 1984.     

Study of electrorheological effect

The problem of the effect of an electric field on the shear flow of a suspension of finely dispersed quartz in naphthene with admixtures of a surface-active agent is discussed. The possibility of increasing the apparent viscosity of such rheological systems by four orders of magnitude is shown. Experimental results are given that show that a field creates, besides electroviscosity, viscoelasticity and antithixotropy.     

Thermophysical characteristics of polymer coatings

The correlation between internal stresses and thermal properties of coatings based on polyester resins is established. It is shown that the thermophysical characteristics and the internal stresses change in opposite directions both in the process of formation and as a function of coating thickness.     

Viscoelastic behavior of electrorheological suspensions

The dependence of viscoelastic properties (modulus of elasticity G and loss modulus G') of electrorheological suspensions on applied electric field is determined experimentally.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 605–609, April, 1986.     

花状微米颗粒的制备及其电流变性能研究

采用溶剂热法制备出花状微米颗粒。采用SEM,TEM,XRD,FT-IR等方法分析颗粒形貌及成分。结果表明,花状颗粒为丙三醇基化合物,其表观直径在2~3μm之间,表面由次级的刺状结构组成。分别以花状微米颗粒和光滑球状Ti O2颗粒为分散相制备电流变液,并测试其电流变性能和沉降稳定性。实验结果表明,在相同电场强度下,花状颗粒电流变液的剪切屈服强度明显高于光滑球状颗粒电流变液,但漏电流密度远小于光滑球状颗粒电流变液;静置12 d,花状颗粒电流变液的抗沉降率较之光滑球状颗粒电流变液有显著提高。花状颗粒特有的形貌是其具有优异电流变性能和沉降稳定性的主要原因。     

Microwave characteristics of polymer electro-optic modulators

The finite difference method is employed for the Laplace equation to calculate the microwave properties of polymer-based electro-optic modulators. The finite difference scheme uses a nonequidistant grid for fast calculation of the mode index and characteristic impedance of an open micro striplike modulator with a thick electrode as well as for a shielded micro striplike structure. It is demonstrated that the finite thickness of the electrode must be taken into consideration when optimizing the design of an electro-optic modulator. It is shown that by using a shielded microstrip configuration the modulator may be optimized and simultaneously pacified with regard to environmental influence.     

A new class of electrorheological material: synthesis and electrorheological performance of rare earth complexes of phosphate cellulose

A new class of electrorheological (ER) material, rare earth (RE = Ce, Gd, Er and Y) complexes of phosphate cellulose, has been synthesized using microcrystalline cellulose, phosphoric acid, urea and RE(NO₃)₃ solutions as starting materials. The ER properties of suspensions of microcrystalline cellulose, phosphate cellulose [cellulose-P-ONH₄] and the [cellulose(-P-O)₃RE] complex particle materials in silicon oil have been investigated under DC electric field. The formation of rare earth complexes helps to decrease the shear stress and viscosity at zero electric field, and to enhance the ER effect of the materials. The shear stress (τ_E) of the ER fluid (20% weight fraction) of a typical yttrium complex [cellulose(-P-O)₃Y], the yttrium content of which is 0.04 mol/100 g, is 2.3 kPa at 4.2 kV/mm and 300 s⁻¹ with a τ_r value (τ_r = τ_E/τ₀, where τ₀ is the shear stress at no electric field and 300 s⁻¹) of 34.3, which is 18 times higher than that of pure microcrystalline cellulose suspensions. The improvement of dielectric loss tangent of the material, due solely to the formation of rare earth complexes, resulted in an enhancement in the ER effect of the material. In addition, the cellulose(-P-O)₃RE materials possess better thermal stability, and their suspensions are more stable in the anti-sedimentation than that of the cellulose-P-ONH₄ material.