102—JT转子故障的诊断

大型旋转机械状态监测是确保大型生产装置安全、高效运行的重要手段。本文以102-JT转子故障诊断为例,根据故障本身的性质,通过振动分析和对比分析以及对转子机器的全面深入了解和认识,对机器故障的可诊断性积累了经验,进一步完善了故障库。     

离心机转子——支承系统振动故障诊断方法研究

离心机转子支承系统的故障诊断问题是回转机械安全运行与维护管理的重要课题。转子系统发生故障,大多表现为振动的增大。振动是高速转子系统故障的动力响应特征。本文根据离心机转子支承系统的振动特征,研究了一种转子系统振动故障诊断的特征分析方法,在实践中是行之有效的方法。     

旋转机械故障诊断与预测方法及其应用研究

旋转机械最重要的部件是转子系统以及轴承,由于机械在运行过程中长期处于高速、满负荷运行状态,经常会出现故障。本文基于转动信号的在线诊断以及实时诊断等特点,对频谱分析对于非线性振动信号故障特征的提取存在的不足展开分析,深入探讨旋转机械故障诊断与预测方法及其应用研究及旋转机械故障诊断及预测方法发展方向研究,希望能给相关工作人员提供帮助。     

氨压缩机振动值上升原因分析及解决措施

在更换氨压缩机两端轴封装置机械密封组件后,机组运行中推力端轴振动值出现上升问题,通过分析迷宫密封的故障、轴承油挡的间隙和轴承顶间隙的偏差,得出转子振动值上升的主要原因是迷宫密封流道堵塞及轴承装配间隙偏大所致,通过采取相应的措施得以解决.     

循环风机振动故障处理

<正>对于转速较低的风机,当出现振动故障时,一般情况下,只需作简单的静平衡校正即可。有一次,一台M5-48№19D循环风机因风机轴承座长时间振动较大,对其进行了动平衡校正,效果却不好。后分析原因,引起设备振动有四大故障:转子不平衡、不对中、机械松动及轴承损伤同时发生在该风机上。为此,我们对风机进行了     

压缩机转子与运动件碰撞的振动特征简析

引起大机组转子振动异常的因素很多,本文以泸天化股份有限公司尿素装置二氧化碳压缩机高压缸转子振动异常的故障为例,通过对其症兆信号与常见故障特征信号的分析比较,提出转子与运动件碰撞引起振动异常的一些特点,期望以此对大机组类似故障的诊断有所裨益.     

离心齿式压缩机频谱分析及故障诊断

对离心齿式压缩机因振动较大导致报警停车的联锁故障进行了研究。采用多通道同步数据采集系统对压缩机进行了频谱分析,主要采集了振动幅值的时域波形、频谱特征及轴心轨迹,分析数据可知高速转子存在不平衡的情况和摩擦故障。对离心齿式压缩机主机进行拆箱检查,发现大齿轮和高速转子的推力盘存在摩擦刮痕,验证了分析结果,重新校核转子动平衡和修复转子后机组运行正常。频谱分析为机组故障的解决提供了有效依据和方法。     

压缩机转子与运动件碰撞的振动特征简析

引起大机组转子振动异常的因素很多 ,本文以泸天化尿素装置CO2 压缩机高压缸转子振动异常的故障为例 ,通过对其症兆信号与常见故障特征信号的分析比较 ,提出了转子与运动件碰撞引起振动异常的一些特点 ,期望以此对大机组类似故障的诊断有所裨益     

空分机组推力盘断裂诊断实例

某厂大型机组汽轮机径向振动测量值突增并报警,利用在线监测系统分析各测点各类图谱,对机组运行状况和故障特征分析诊断,排除转子转动部件脱落、转子结垢或结垢脱落、转子热弯等可能性,得出转子不对中及碰磨是设备发生故障的原因。     

开展状态监测工作 提高科学管理水平

一、概述风机、水泵、离心分离机及其他旋转机械是化工厂的重要设备,这些机器运转的正常与否,直接关系到化工生产能否正常进行。旋转机械的大多数故障都会引起机器的振动,例如经长期运转后,转子由于变形及腐蚀磨损不均匀而造成转子失衡;由于装配不良或基础沉降不均匀而造成联轴节对中不良或机座扭曲;装配件松动或转子另件失落,滚珠轴承的失效等等都会造成机器产生剧烈的振动。这不仅会严重影响机器的正常运转,降低机器的使用寿命,严重时,还会造成机毁人亡的恶果。在化工厂,由于振动过剧而造成严重事故的事例是不胜枚举的。风机爆炸,离心机转鼓飞裂,活塞式压缩机主要另部件打坏等     

复杂故障判定的基于结构化残差的多层次分析法

In industrial processes,there exist faults that have complex effect on process variables.Complex and simple faults are defined according to their effect dimensions.The conventional approaches based on structured residuals cannot isolate complex faults.This paper presents a multi-level strategy for complex fault isolation.An extraction procedure is employed to reduce the complex faults to simple ones and assign them to several levels.On each level,faults are isolated by their different responses in the structured residuals.Each residual is obtained insensitive to one fault but more sensitive to others.The faults on different levels are verified to have different residual responses and will not be confused.An entire incidence matrix containing residual response characteristics of all faults is obtained,based on which faults can be isolated.The proposed method is applied in the Tennessee Eastman process example,and the effectiveness and advantage are demonstrated.     

A hybrid support vector machine and fuzzy reasoning based fault diagnosis and rescue system for stable glutamate fermentation

In industrial glutamate fermentation by biotin-auxotroph Corynebacterium glutamicum, biotin content variation in corn slurry greatly affects fermentation performance. To maintain the fermentation stability, a hybrid support vector machine (SVM) and fuzzy reasoning based fault diagnosis and rescue system was developed. The system uses SVM outputs as the inputs of the fuzzy reasoning classifier having a couple of production rules and condition membership functions related with SVM outputs, to categorize multiple faults. The effectiveness of the proposed system was verified in a normal fermentation run and two abnormal runs with different biotin initial-content faults with the aid of using on-line measurable data such as ammonia consumption rate and CO₂ evolution rate. The results indicated that the proposed faults-diagnosis system could cluster multiple fermentation faults quickly, accurately and stably, and faults and their types could be identified at the earliest fermentation stage. Based on the diagnosis results, the proposed system was further applied for real fault-rescue in two fermentations with different biotin initial-content faults. In both cases, by immediately taking relevant rescue measures after identifying the faults and their types, glutamate fermentations with initial faults were restored to normal, and final glutamate concentrations reached a normal level of 75–80 g/L at 34 h.     

走滑断层的石油地质意义

相对于正逆断层而言,国内对走滑断层的研究则较少,其实走滑断层由于其较不易识别性,走滑断层研究对油气成藏的生储挡圈运保有着更加重要的实际意义。最近由于对走滑断层研究的重视,许多油田的勘探开发取得了很好的效果。     

Wet and Dry Boundaries and Unlevel Dyeing of Wool Fabric

The problem of ‘weathering’ faults in the dyeing of wool fabric has been studied. It was possible to reproduce these faults under laboratory conditions, and attempts were made to determine their nature and to devise correction or prevention techniques. Hydrolysis of the wool fibre is probably less important in the formation of ‘weathering’ faults than oxidation effects. With equalising acid dyes, re-treatment of the faulty dyeing in a boiling dyebath corrects the fault. However, with dyes of poor migration properties no technique is available that will ensure the correction of ‘weathering’ faults. Consequently, fabric left lying in carts should be covered, and fabric likely to be stored for a long period should be wrapped.     

冰晶石的合成方法

对现有冰晶石的合成方法进行了系统的介绍,并对它们的优缺点进行了对比分析。     

探讨调节阀的选型及应用

通过发现实际生产中的故障,进一步完善调节阀的选型、安装和使用,可大大降低仪表故障率,有效提高调节系统的品质,从而确保生产装置长周期运行。     

高压螺纹锁紧环式换热器检修中常见故障分析及对策

对螺纹锁紧环式换热器检修过程中常出现故障及原因进行了分析,并提出解决办法及建议。     

无铅无镍浅枪色电镀工艺

介绍了一种无铅无镍浅枪色电镀工艺,给出了镀液配方和操作条件。分析了各工艺条件的影响,讨论了生产中常见的故障及其解决方法。     

基于SVM的制冷系统多故障并发检测与诊断

因现实中单发故障的多样性,以及各故障并发时可能存在的协同作用,使并发故障成为故障诊断界难点之一。利用支持向量机（SVM）优良的模式识别能力,分别与单标识（mL）及多标识（ML）技术结合,构建可用于并发故障检测与诊断的模型,应用于制冷机组双故障并发时的检测与诊断。结果表明,ML-SVM模型表现突出,训练时无需并发故障数据,却可用于并发故障的检测与诊断,且性能优良,总体诊断准确率（CR）达99.902%,故障检测及对并发故障的识别率甚至高于采用并发故障训练时的模型,具有良好应用前景。     

Raman Micro‐Spectroscopy of Polytype and Structural Changes in 6H‐Silicon Carbide due to Machining

SiC is an important structural ceramic with many polytypes that differ by the stacking of their crystal planes. Machining mechanically deforms the structure giving stacking faults and different polytypes. This can lead to inferior performance and an increased risk of failure. Raman micro‐spectroscopy with different wavelengths, in confocal and normal settings, was used to quantify machining damage. Changes in the ratio of characteristic peaks, peak intensities versus peak positions, and additional Raman peaks were found. These are due to statistical increases in stacking faults and new phases (4H and 3C). The damage is found to extend several micrometer subsurfaces.