斜管对含聚污水的除油效率研究

含聚污水稳定性与水驱污水相比显著提高,油水分离困难。斜管除油器是污水处理流程的关键设备之一。利用斜管组件对含聚污水除油率进行实验研究,发现斜管倾角50°时除油率比60°倾角高10%;污水停留时间由15 min增加到40 min,除油率提高20%;且含聚质量浓度由50 mg/L增加为600 mg/L时,除油率下降15%。研究结果表明:针对含聚污水对斜管除油器的结构进行优化,可以提高对含聚污水的处理效率,保证含聚污水的快速高效处理。     

含聚污水斜管除油-过滤分离效率实验研究

含聚污水的高效分离处理是注聚采出液处理的热点难点之一。结合LD10-1平台斜管除油器V-3010的设计运行参数,探讨了污水含聚量为200 mg/L时、斜管除油器中斜管倾角600、500、450和污水停留分离时间20 min时的斜管除油率为60.8%～72.5%,悬浮物去除率为56.37%～66.21%;斜管倾角500时和污水停留分离时间15～40 min时的斜管除油率为59.8%～79.5%,悬浮物去除率为54.23%～73.48%。污水含聚量在50～600 mg/L变化时斜管倾角500的除油率为75.91～61.7%,模拟现场流程与核桃壳过滤器串联使用后,处理后水中粒径中值的分布范围0.972～26.16μm。     

基于Fluent的斜管沉降装置结构参数优化

基于渤海海域石油钻井平台现场需求,在斜管沉降分离原理研究基础上,采用Fluent软件构建仿真模型,再对不同斜管长度、斜管角度、斜管间距条件下进行结构参数优化设计,从而找到斜管沉降装置的最优化结构参数。通过斜管沉降参数的优化,为渤海海域石油钻井平台的海水前置过滤设备的设计提供了重要的理论依据。     

湖北新冶钢东钢厂区废水处理及回用工程设计

介绍了湖北新冶钢东钢厂区废水处理及回用工程的概况、设计参数、工艺特点、运行状况及经济分析.为满足反渗透进水要求,根据原水水质对化学除油器+砂滤的钢铁废水传统处理工艺进行改良和优化.采用了具有污泥回流功能的化学除油器混凝系统及具有微絮凝功能的两级砂滤系统.实践表明:各工序出水满足设计要求,系统运行稳定,工程的投产实现了变...     

含硫污水除油工艺的问题及优化

简述了河北英拓科技有限公司200kt/a煤焦油加氢装置含硫污水除油器的运行情况、出现的问题及优化措施。通过运行观察,总结了含硫污水的组分特性及除油器的使用效果,为今后加氢工艺中含硫污水除油技术的改进提供了思路及方向。     

聚结除油器出口水中含油工况研究与优化

聚结除油器是油田生产水处理系统的重要设备之一。本文针对聚结除油器在运行时出口水中含油超标问题,根据平台现有的设备和条件,确定了聚结除油器出口水中含油超标的四个主要因素：聚结除油器入口压力、收油量和清水剂浓度参数设置不合理和聚结三级分离模块积油。首先围绕聚结除油器参数入口压力、收油量和清水剂浓度三因素进行正交分析,找出其对聚结除油器影响的主次排列,并明确聚结除油器处理工况最佳因素组成,试验数据表明,清水剂浓度在聚结除油器出口水中含油起主要作用,按最佳因素设置聚结除油器清水剂浓度、收油量和入口压力参数;不改变聚结主体结构,最后对聚结除油器三级分离模块进行改造,使用强化分离模块替换改性纤维,并加装排油管线。通过上述措施,最终使聚结除油器出口水中含油达到设计要求,提高了聚结除油器处理效果。     

延迟焦化装置冷焦水处理工艺及优化措施

本文主要讨论延迟焦化装置运行中存在冷焦水处理流程复杂,大量焦粉在冷焦热水罐底部沉积,旋流除油器能耗严重等问题。在原有流程上进行优化,通过简化冷焦水处理流程、改变水罐罐底形式、优化旋流除油器流程、采用"隔板式过滤器"技术等工艺改造,既减少了冷焦热水罐中的焦粉沉积量,降低装置能耗,又延长机泵叶轮使用寿命,大大降低了装置的运行成本。     

蜂窝型斜管澄清的概述

本文论述了斜管澄清机理，蜂窝型斜管澄清的优点，介绍了大化公司独有的“１００００二层蜂窝型斜管澄清桶”的结构设计、工艺参数计算和聚丙烯蜂窝型斜管体块的安装。该设计已取得了良好的经济和社会效益。     

乙丙烷制乙烯装置工艺循环水处理技术研究及应用

随着我国乙烯产能逐年提升,需要处理的制乙烯工业工艺循环水的处理量也越来越大,水质指标也越来越严格。传统的旋流、气浮等技术已经无法满足高含油量、高含悬量工艺循环水的处理。因此,本研究采用组合纤维聚结的技术设计了新型聚结除油器并进行了中试试验,结果表明该聚结除油器除油除悬效果好,对水质波动的适应性强,能够满足企业实际生产需求。     

QZC系列高效除油器技术鉴定会议介绍

由广东省肇庆化工机械厂设计、研制的QZC 系列高效除油器,于1983年12月19日至12月20日在广东省肇庆市召开了技术鉴定会议。参加会议的有科研、设计、生产、使用、大专院校等37个单位,61名代表。QZC 系副高效除油器主要功能是滤除压缩空气中油雾,兼有良好的除尘、除水雾效果,为石油、化工、轻工、纺织、电力、冶金和机械等工业部门的气动控制仪表及各行业工艺用气提供净化的压缩空气。它是有油润滑空压机的良好配套设备。QZC 系列高效除油器的主要技术指标如     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。