Efficient drug delivery to lung epithelial lining fluid by aerosolization of ciprofloxacin incorporated into PEGylated liposomes for treatment of respiratory infections

Purpose: The efficacy of aerosolization of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) incorporated into PEGylated liposomes (PEGylated CPFX-liposomes) for the treatment of respiratory infections was evaluated. Method: PEGylated CPFX-liposomes with 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-n-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (particle size: 100 nm) were prepared, and the drug distribution characteristics in lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) following aerosolization of PEGylated CPFX-liposomes were examined in rats. Furthermore, the antibacterial effects of PEGylated CPFX-liposomes in ELF were evaluated by pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis. Results: The elimination rate of CPFX from ELF following aerosolization of PEGylated CPFX-liposomes was significantly slower than that of CPFX incorporated into unmodified liposomes (unmodified CPFX-liposomes; particle size: 100 nm). According to pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis, the PEGylated CPFX-liposomes exhibited potent antibacterial effects against pathogenic microorganisms in ELF. Conclusion: This study shows that PEGylated CPFX-liposomes are a useful aerosol-based pulmonary drug delivery system for the treatment of respiratory infections.