碱—蒽醌化学浆漂白性能的研究

对加拿大一枝黄花碱-蒽醌化学浆D／CEpD和D／CEpD1EpD2漂白条件、漂白浆特性和D／CEpD漂白浆的打浆性能进行了研究。确定了较佳的D／CEpD和D／OEpD1EpD2漂白工艺。D／CFpD漂白较佳工艺条件：总用氟量为10％（D／C、D段用氯量比6．5：3．5），Ep段H2O2用量1．0％。漂白浆指标：AP＋AQ浆得率89．61％，卡伯值1．9，白度79．6％ISO，返黄值5．6，粘度718mL／g；KP＋AQ浆得率91．00％，卡伯值1．3，白度82．3％ISO，返黄值4．7，粘度711mL／g。D／CEpD1EpD2漂白较佳工艺条件：总用氟量10％（D／C、D1和D2段用氯量比为6：3：1），EP段H2O2用量1．5％。漂白浆指标为：AP＋AQ浆得率88．11％，卡伯值1．2，白度83．8％ISO，返黄值4．0，粘度710mL／g；KP＋AQ浆得率88．96％，卡伯值1．1，白度84．7％ISO，返黄值3．9，粘度709mL／g。     

竹浆GIF仿酶漂白(Ⅱ)-仿酶预处理全无氯漂白

研究了竹浆GIF仿酶预处理全无氯漂白，结果表明竹浆GIF仿酶预处理较适宜的条件为：NaOH用量1．2％，H2O2用量1．4％，CuSO4用量0．06％，吡啶用量2．8％，温度80℃，时间2h，氧压0．2MPa，浆料浓度8％；GIF仿酶预处理能减少后续过氧化氢漂白段过氧化氢用量30％以上；竹浆经由CuEpMnP流程漂白后的白度为82．1％SBD，粘度为644mL／g，经由CuEpPaP流程漂白后的白度为84．1％SBD，粘度为547mL／g；GIF仿酶预处理能减少终漂段发色基团和助色基团，使甲基芳基醚键和木素苯环断裂更多，并使终漂浆结晶度提高。     

AS-AQ稻草浆全无氯漂白

研究了AS-AQ稻草浆通过酸预处理后，借助H2O2强化的氧碱漂白及过氧化氢补充漂白。结果表明，稻草浆(未漂浆白度为42．8％ISO，卡伯值为8．2，粘度为913mL／g)经过一段强化氧漂(用碱量5％、氧压0．6MPa、H2O2用量0．5％、温度100℃、保温时间80min)之后，其白度达到67.0％ISO，粘度为841mL/g，卡伯值为3．1，适合进行下段漂白。过氧化氢补充漂白(NaOH用量0.3％、温度70℃、保温时间80min。H2O2用量3．0％、浆浓10％，DTPA用量0．05％，MgSO4用量0．05％)后，白度达到73．4％ISO，粘度为823mL／g，卡伯值为2．2，且白度稳定性较好。     

硫酸盐竹浆臭氧漂白的研究

对硫酸盐竹浆臭氧漂白的影响因素进行了研究，并通过正交实验得出臭氧单段漂白的最佳工艺条件为：浆浓10％，臭氧用量0．5％，温度20℃和pH值2。此条件下，漂后浆白度可达68．7％SBD，粘度为887mL／g。另外还进一步还探讨了竹浆H2O2强化的臭氧漂白工艺。     

芦苇SP浆臭氧漂白后的过氧化氢漂白研究

研究了芦苇亚硫酸盐浆臭氧漂白后的H2O2补充漂白。芦苇未漂SP卡伯值25、白度50．2％ISO、粘度1144ml／g,经过臭氧漂白后,其卡伯值为4．8、白度达到73．0％ISO、粘度为948ml/g。后续H2O2补充漂白条件为：浆浓12％、H2O2用量2．0％、MgSO4用量0．05％、Na2SiO3用量3％、漂白温度80℃、漂白时间120min,漂后纸浆的性质为：卡伯值3．2,白度82．0％ISO,粘度894ml／g．     

低卡伯值麦草浆强化臭氧-TCF漂白工艺比较

以低卡伯值硫酸盐麦草浆为原料，经过酸预处理、螯合预处理后，浆料进行H2O2强化臭氧漂白工艺比较。研究结果表明：在臭氧漂白段(Z)中添加0．5％～1．5％的H2O2，会有效降低浆料的卡伯值，A、Q预处理后浆料的卡伯值降低率接近60％，粘度保持在800mL／g以上。4种不同漂序ZpP、ZpY、ZpEPY、ZpEYP结果比较，在较为合适的H2O2添加量的情况下，ZpP二段漂白的浆料白度已经超过83％SBD，ZpEPY和ZpEYP的漂白程序均能满足高白度的需求，浆料白度超过88％SBD。     

马尾松硫酸盐浆过氧化氢漂白

目前，过氧化氢（H2O2）用于化学浆漂白的主要问题是漂白效率较低，纸浆白度难以大幅度提高。本研究目的就是寻找一种有效、经济、可操作性强的处理方式，在过氧化氢漂白前对纸浆进行活化处理，以期提高其漂白效率。浆样为自制马尾松硫酸盐浆（KP），Kappa值26．7，粘度928cm3／g，白度26．5％（SBD）。过氧化氢漂白用浆为上述浆样经两段氧脱水素而得，Kappa值605，粘度664cm3/g，白度56．5％（SBD）。氧脱水素在带有搅拌装置的11JF－2－15型聚合釜中进行。过氧化氢漂白在聚乙烯塑料袋中进行，水浴加热。过氧化氢漂前螫合剂处理在烧杯…     

含臭氧漂段的硫酸盐苇浆TCF漂白

本实验主要研究了硫酸盐苇浆含臭氧漂段的TCF漂白工艺。首先通过一系列预处理，解决了臭氧漂白中粘度损失严重的问题。通过草酸预处理后，在35％浆浓，0．5％的臭氧用量下，臭氧漂白的粘度损失从18．9％降到了7．37％，并且草酸预处理还有很好的提高白度的效果。其后的过氧化氢漂白，在H2O2用量1．5％，NaOH用量0．8％，NaSi03用量1．5％，MgSO4用量0．1％，90℃，90min的处理条件下，就能达到白度88．8％SBD，黏度785ml／g的理想效果。     

硫酸盐法蔗渣浆低ClO2用量的无元素氯漂白

进行了硫酸盐法蔗渣浆低ClO2用量的DQP漂白研究，并与常规CEH漂白结果作了比较。研究结果表明，蔗渣浆经DQP流程漂白，当有效氯用量为1．0％(折合ClO2用量为0．38％)，H2O2用量为2．0％时，在优化条件下可达到83％ISO以上的白度。与CEH漂白浆相比．DQP漂白浆的白度稳定性较好．粘度和强度较高，DQP漂白废水的污染负荷低于CEH漂白废水。     

蔗渣浆二氧化氯和添加活化剂的过氧化氢两段漂白

本文探讨了蔗渣浆二氧化氯和添加活化剂的H2O2两段漂白，在有效氯用量12kg／t，H2O2用量12kg／t，活化剂A用量1．5kg／t的情况下，D（PA）两段漂白可以达到D（EOP）D三段漂白（有效氯、NaOH和H2O2用量分别为30kg／t、13kg／t和1kg／t）相同的白度和牯度。本文还借助数学模型来优化过氧化氢漂白工艺。在优化程序中，设白度、粘度权重为1。返黄值权重为0．5。残余H2O2权重为0．25。得出（PA）段优化漂白条件：H2O2用量15kg／t，A用量1kg／t，温度86℃，时间144min，结果：白度80．1％ISO，返黄值0．437，残余H2O20．056g／L，粘度853cm^3／g。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press