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《建筑与文化》2017,(4)
仿木结构建筑,是传统木结构建筑的现代传承形式,其产生的背景是20世纪80年代,钢筋混凝土材料在我国建筑中开始广泛使用,仿木结构景观建筑,又是众多仿木结构建筑中最为量大面广的一种。因为木材与钢筋混凝土材料在力学、加工性能等物理特征上存在相似性的同时又有差异性,这种相似性使钢筋混凝土材料仿木构建筑顺理成章,并可以传承传统木结构建筑的营造技艺;而差异性的存在,又使钢筋混凝土仿木构建筑在主体结构和细部构造上与传统木结构建筑有所不同,经过时间的积淀,形成相对独立的风格元素。从营造技艺的角度,在厘清福州传统地方建筑大木构架的典型类型基础上,厘清福州钢筋混凝土仿木结构景观建筑风格元素的源流,以便为进一步的深入研究工作奠定基础。 相似文献
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《古建园林技术》2016,(3)
仿木结构建筑,是传统木结构建筑的现代传承形式,其产生的背景是20世纪80年代,钢筋混凝土材料在我国建筑中开始广泛使用,仿木结构景观建筑,又是众多仿木结构建筑中最为量大面广的一种。因为木材与钢筋混凝土材料在力学、加工性能等物理特征上存在相似性的同时又有差异性,这种相似性使钢筋混凝土材料仿木构建筑顺理成章,并可以传承传统木结构建筑的营造技艺,而差异性的存在,又使钢筋混凝土仿木构建筑在主体结构和细部构造上与传统木结构建筑有所不同,经过时间的积淀,形成相对独立的风格元素。从营造技艺的角度,在厘清福州传统地方建筑大木构架的典型类型基础上,厘清福州钢筋混凝土仿木结构景观建筑风格元素的源流,以便为进一步的深入研究工作奠定基础。 相似文献
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中国古代建筑为何以木结构为主?用“材料决定说”和“技术决定说”来论证这个问题,都难以成立。因为,中国的石头绝不缺少,中国人在建筑中使用石质材料的历史并不比欧洲人晚,其技术的精美与技艺的高超也不亚于同时期的任何其他国家。以笔者的设想,古代中国人对待石结构建筑的态度是,非不能也,是不为也。 相似文献
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<正>鄂西土家族吊脚楼传统营造技艺精湛,是一份孕育了丰厚的地域文化价值的非物质文化遗产,是土家族先民们构木为巢的积淀和生活智慧的结晶。土家族吊脚楼的最大特征是全木结构,它标志着木结构技术的成熟和辉煌。随着现代工业化的冲击,混凝土结构的居住建筑的普及,在木结构建筑日渐式微的今天,记录和继承民居建筑的传统营造工艺,将宝贵的非物质文化遗产传承下去是造福全人类的工程,利在当代,功在千秋。 相似文献
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我国建筑行业碳排放量化水平是决定我国减排目标能否实现的影响因素之一。为填补我国木结构建筑全生命周期碳排放数据库的研究空白,探析我国木结构建筑全生命周期碳排放数据库的建设,介绍木结构建筑全生命周期碳排放数据库的基本定义和意义,对比其与混凝土结构全生命周期碳排放数据库的异同点,并分析木结构建筑碳排放数据库的局限性。 相似文献
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迟忠斌 《建设科技(建设部)》2015,(3):28-29
<正>一、中国现代木结构行业发展现状中国古代木建筑大气磅礴,古建技艺光辉璀璨,但在古代木建筑和现代木建筑之间客观地存在着断层。建国初,木结构建筑,尤其是木屋架结构在整个建筑结构领域中还占有一席之地,当时百废待兴,国家建设规模巨大,木材消耗量剧增,林业资源迅减。20世纪70年代,原料限制使中国木结构建筑几近停滞。高校停课,人员转行,建设停止,行业沉寂。而这数十年则是国 相似文献
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木构搧架是彝族瓦板房民居的主要承重结构,也是其最具特色且最具有保护价值的民居要素之一.本文收集了三种典型的搧架结构布置方案,通过ANSYS软件进行结构计算,发现各种布置形式的结构薄弱环节和受力弱点;最后提出优化设计的措施,以达到提高建筑的抗震性能和改良瓦板房的建造工艺的目的. 相似文献
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高层古建筑木结构--应县木塔现状结构评价 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
位于山西省应县、建于公元 10 5 6年、高度为 65 86m的应县木塔 ,由于材料受化学、物理、生物等的侵蚀 ,结构受地震、大风、竖向载荷及人为损坏等 ,面临修缮与加固。对其结构的详细评价成为修缮加固的基础。(1)根据实测结果分析了木塔构件及整体变形 ,对残损严重的二层平坐层变形进行了详细讨论。 (2 )以变形、残损和构件承载能力为依据对各类构件进行了可靠性等级划分 ,分析了其分布特征及构件和整体的残损状态。 (3 )根据应县木塔 1 10模型拟动力试验结果 ,得到结构非线性恢复力曲线 ,利用能量等效原则分析了木塔弹塑性地震反应 ,划分并标定了木结构地震损坏等级和参数 ,评价了木塔在不同地震烈度下的损伤程度 相似文献
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四川民居,是南方穿斗体系的重要组成部分,已有研究成果多集中于建筑实物而较少涉及营造技艺。调查、记录、总结传统建筑工艺,结合构架形制、节点构造、工匠区系、地理方言区划廓清四川传统建筑及工艺内部的区域分野,对于建筑文化研究和当代遗产保护传承具有重要意义。作为四川汉族地区传统建筑工艺调查的第一篇文章,本文着眼于工匠对弯材的处理。通过弯料画墨、制作过程揭示穿斗民居的用料特点、结构原理;阐述榫卯原理及讨签—上签这一关键制作步骤,洞悉其背后的原理、设计思维与意识。 相似文献
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根据应县木塔层间模型(比例为110)的拟动力试验结果,考虑材料性能劣化和残损状态,得到了木塔实体结构四线型非线性恢复力模型;根据能量等效,分析计算了在选择的地震波作用下相应层的最大位移及不同损坏状态下各层的耗能;提出古建筑木结构的双参数地震损坏准则,初步划分了震害等级及标定参数。通过对地震引起的残损指标的计算,指出在烈度8度的地震影响下,应县木塔二、三层有倒塌的可能;在烈度7度的地震影响下,这两层可能产生严重破坏。发现在地震作用下,木塔各层倾斜和残损部分耗能能力的降低是木塔损坏加剧的重要因素。 相似文献
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J.G.S. da Silva P.C.G. da S. Vellasco M.I.R. de Oliveira 《Journal of Constructional Steel Research》2005,61(8):1108-1134
The usual methods of structural analysis involved in the design of steel telecommunication and transmission towers tend to assume a simple truss behaviour where all the steel element connections are considered hinged. Despite this fact, the most commonly used tower geometries possess structural mechanisms that could compromise the assumed structural behaviour. A possible explanation for the structure stability is related to the actual behaviour being close to semi-rigid connections instead of the assumed hinged connections. This paper proposes an alternative structural analysis modelling strategy for the steel tower design considering all the actual structural forces and moments combining three-dimensional beam and truss finite elements. Comparisons of the two above-mentioned design methods with a third method based on the use of spatial beam finite elements to model the main structure and the bracing system on two actually built steel telecommunication towers (40 and 75 m high steel towers) are described. The comparison is based on an extensive parametric study of the tower geometry in order to access the structural tower ultimate and serviceability limit states. 相似文献
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上海东海大桥芦潮港综合通信塔采用了一种新型钢管结构的塔型。塔高90.75m,全钢管结构,全塔结构分为四个区段。此塔造型采用了有别于常规塔型的结构形式,立面外形成人字形竖立在东海大桥旁,在设计过程中,对结构形式、风荷载计算、结构分析及节点构造等进行了研究和优化,取得了较为理想的成果。 相似文献
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YU Maohong ODA Yoshiya FANG Dongping ZHAO Junhai 《Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering》2008,2(1):1
Chinese ancient architectures are valuable heritage of ancient culture of China. Many historical building have been preserved up to now. The researches on the structural mechanics of ancient architectures show the different aspects of structure and mechanics. Systematical studies on the structural mechanics of ancient architectures have been carried out at Xi’an Jiaotong University since 1982. It is related with the need of repair of some national preservation relics in Xi’an. These studies include: 1) Ancient wooden structures including three national preservation relics Arrow Tower at North City Gate, City Tower at East City Gate, and Baogao Temple in Ningbao, Zhejiang province. 2) Ancient tall masonry building, the Big Goose Pagoda and Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an. 3) Mechanical characteristics of ancient soil under foundation and city wall; the influence of caves in and under the ancient City Wall on the stability of the wall. 4) The typical Chinese ancient building at the center of city: the Bell Tower and Drum tower. 5) The behavior of Dou-Gong and Joggle joint of Chinese ancient wooden structure. 6) The mechanical behavior of ancient soils under complex stress state. A new systematical strength theory, the unified strength theory, is used to analyze the stability of ancient city wall in Xi’an and foundation of tall pagoda built in Tang dynasty. These researches also concern differential settlements of Arrow Tower and resistance to earthquake of these historical architecture heritages. Some other studies are also introduced. This paper gives a summary of these researches. Preservation and research are nowadays an essential requirement for the famous monuments, buildings, towers and others. Our society is more and more conscious of this necessity, which involves increasing activities of restoration, and then sometimes also of repair, mechanical strengthening and seismic retrofitting. Many historical buildings have in fact problems of structural strength and stability; the need for further studies on structural mechanics and materials is definitely growing. 相似文献
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日方仙台福聚院原建于十四世纪,由通屋祖文大和尚伊达南谷子开创,为纪念该寺创建500周年,僧众积资建造一座钟楼,并邀请中国专家进行设计和施工,铜钟也要在中国铸造。施工图经日方确认后,全部大小木构件及油漆彩画材料,同时石料、琉璃瓦件、地面砖等在中国预制准备,并派7名工人,利用21天建成钟楼。 相似文献
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Ying Zhou Xilin Lu Wensheng Lu Jiang Qian 《The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings》2011,20(3):387-401
Many reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete single‐tower buildings have been built in China. The structural performance of such one‐tower structural systems depends on that of the primary components that are structural walls or moment‐resistant frames. For multi‐tower connected structures, problems become more complex. A multi‐tower connected building, with large floor slab openings in plan and long‐span truss in elevation, was thus studied because of its structural complexity and irregularity. First, a 1/25 scaled model structure was tested on the shake table under minor, moderate, and major earthquake levels. Then, the dynamic responses of the model structure were interpreted to those of the prototype structure according to the similitude laws. The experimental results were also compared with the numerical analysis of a three‐dimensional finite element model for the irregular structure. Both experimental and analytical results demonstrate that, despite of the structural complexity, the overall responses of the building meet the requirements of the Chinese design code and the torsion of the structure is not remarkable. It is suggested that the strength and stiffness of the long‐span connecting truss should be improved due to the potentially large vertical acceleration under strong earthquakes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献