Exchangeability of Qsr1p, a large ribosomal subunit protein required for subunit joining, suggests a novel translational regulatory mechanism

The incidence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) was investigated using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from sixty-four cases of HSE. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) employing primers flanking a region of the HSV thymidine kinase gene common to both HSV-1 and HSV-2 was used to detect HSV in the CSF. HSV-1 and HSV-2 were differentiated by digestion with restriction enzymes. Two enzymes were employed; Aval which cleaved only the HSV-2 gene product and Avall which cleaved only the HSV-1 gene product. Sixty-three cases of HSE were found to be due to HSV-1; one case due to HSV-2. These data confirm previous observations that HSV-2 is a rare cause of post-neonatal herpes encephalitis but indicates that a PCR procedure capable of detection of both viruses is essential for efficient diagnosis of HSE.     

An introduction to a UK scheme to help small firms control health risks from chemicals

The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1994 (COSHH), provide the main British legislation to protect against health risks arising from hazardous substances used at work. Under the regulations, employers have a duty to carry out a suitable and sufficient risk assessment and take steps to ensure exposure is adequately controlled. The paper by Topping et al. (1998) concluded that small firms need more basic, readily available advice on how to effectively control hazardous substances. To meet this need the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the Advisory Committee on Toxic Substances (ACTS) have developed a new scheme for the UK. It involves a simple system of generic risk assessments to identify appropriate control strategies and a series of control guidance sheets providing good-practice examples of those strategies for common operations. The approach builds on earlier industry risk banding schemes and HSE's general approach to risk assessment and risk management. To help ensure the advice reaches small firms, HSE is seeking to involve key intermediaries in its dissemination. This paper describes the rationale for the new UK scheme, how it sits in the legal framework, and proposals for its dissemination. The papers by Brooke (1998) and Maidment (1998) set out in detail the technical basis for the scheme.     

Self-esteem and perceptions of conveyed impressions: Is negative affectivity associated with greater realism?

Two studies examine the notion that negative affectivity (Watson & Clark, 1984) is associated with more accurate perceptions of conveyed impressions in social interactions. In Study 1 (n?=?160), low self-esteem (LSE) and high self-esteem (HSE) subjects were paired with either an LSE or an HSE partner. After a 15-min interaction, they rated themselves, their partners, and how they believed their partners would rate them on 20 adjectives related to social competence. Study 2 (n?=?40) was identical except that each interaction was observed by 2 observers who rated each participant, and participants also rated how they believed an observer would rate them. LSE subjects exhibited greater accuracy only with respect to the elevation component of observers' ratings; HSE subjects overestimated the positivity of observers' evaluations, whereas LSE subjects were relatively accurate. However, LSE subjects exhibited less overall accuracy with respect to their partners' ratings. We argue that when these results are considered with earlier research, there is no support for the notion of depressive realism in assessing conveyed impressions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

氢气气基竖炉-电炉短流程环境影响分析

氢冶金是中国钢铁行业实现低碳绿色化转型升级的有效途径之一,基于煤制氢技术的气基竖炉-电炉短流程是一种典型的氢冶金工艺,具有广阔的发展前景。采用生命周期评价法(LCA)对煤制氢-气基竖炉-电炉短流程环境影响进行了分析,并对比研究了短流程与传统高炉-转炉(BF-BOF)长流程的环境性能。结果表明,煤制氢-气基竖炉-电炉短流程LCA结果为2.56×10-11,其中GWP₁₀₀(全球变暖潜值)和POCP(光化学臭氧合成潜值)分别贡献54.16%和36.76%;煤气脱碳和电炉电能消耗是造成碳排放和能源消耗的主要原因;短流程整体评价结果仅为BF-BOF流程的27.41%,吨钢CO₂排放和能耗可分别减少53.75%和47.45%,环境性能明显优于传统长流程。     

Anterior opercular syndrome, caused by herpes simplex encephalitis

Bilateral frontal and parietal opercular lesions cause a syndrome characterized by paralysis of the masticatory, facial, pharyngeal, and tongue muscles (the anterior opercular syndrome). The anterior opercular syndrome can occur in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), but in most of these patients the diagnosis of HSE was not confirmed. We describe the anterior opercular syndrome in four patients with HSE. In two of these patients, the anterior opercular syndrome dominated the clinical picture, but in the other two patients it was overshadowed by other manifestations of HSE. The diagnosis of HSE was confirmed by detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA in the CSF (two patients), culture of the HSV from a brain biopsy (one patient), and elevated HSV antibody titers in the CSF (one patient). Our patients made a partial recovery. Acute onset of weakness of masticatory, facial, pharyngeal, and glossal muscles, accompanied by fever, headache, and partial motor seizures of the face should suggest HSE.     

Self-esteem and persistence in the face of failure.

In 2 studies, the authors examined self-esteem, persistence, and rumination in the face of failure. Study 1 manipulated degree of failure and availability of goal alternatives. When an alternative was available, high self-esteem (HSE) participants persisted more than low self-esteem (LSE) participants after a single failure, but less after repeated failure. When no alternative was available, no self-esteem differences in persistence emerged. LSE participants ruminated more than HSE participants. Study 2 examined persistence and rumination for 10 personal goals across an academic year. HSE participants were better calibrated (higher within-subject correlations between perceived progress and persistence across goals), had higher overall levels of persistence, higher grade point averages, and lower levels of rumination than LSE participants. Although traditional views that emphasize the tenacious persistence of HSE individuals need revision, HSE people appear more effective in self-regulating goal-directed behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Confidentiality of medical information: Protecting privacy in an electronic age.

Discusses upcoming legislation regarding the confidentiality of medical information. Technology has provided the tools to allow the ease of access to health care information, but legislation is needed to ensure the confidentiality of this personal health information. The author presents some background information on the subject of medical record confidentiality, including 2 forces that are driving Congress to enact privacy protections. The first is the European Union directive that requires all 15 European Union member nations to restrict the export of data to nations that do not have adequate privacy protections in place. The second factor is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, which establishes mandates relating to medical record privacy. The author describes recent Congressional hearings that cover key principles that must serve as the foundation for legislation to guarantee privacy of individually identifiable health information. These include the limitation of the use of an individual's health care information to health purposes only and the provision of rights to patients to control how their health information is used. The author concludes by summarizing legislation that has been recently introduced into Congress to protect medical record confidentiality. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of self-esteem, hypothetical explanations, and verbalization of expectancies on future performance.

A hypothetical explanation task was used to make success- or failure-related cognitions differentially available for 60 high self-esteem (HSE) and 60 low self-esteem (LSE) undergraduates. Ss wrote an explanation for either a hypothetical failure or success, or they wrote no explanation. Half of the Ss in each condition stated performance expectancies. The effects of these variables on subsequent performance were examined. Success explanations increased the performance of both HSE and LSE Ss, whereas failure explanations only decreased the performance of LSE Ss. A content analysis revealed that the content of failure explanations, but not success explanations, was related to self-esteem and subsequent performance. These effects were more pronounced for Ss who stated expectancies, and expectancies were more highly correlated with performance in the explanation conditions than in the no-explanation control condition. Results are discussed in terms of current self-esteem theory and the cognitive processes associated with generating causal scenarios for success and failure, expectations, and performance. (57 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Limitations in generalizability of the physical attractiveness stereotype: The self-esteem exception.

Previous research has reported the existence of a physical attractiveness stereotype which results in several generalized assumptions about physically attractive individuals. Included in these assumptions is that physically attractive individuals are more capable on a number of dimensions and possess more socially desirable personality traits than less attractive individuals. It was predicted that self-esteem would interfere with the attractiveness stereotype in that low self-esteem (LSE) Ss would (a) denigrate an attractive other more than high self-esteem (HSE) Ss, (b) denigrate an attractive person more than an unattractive person, and (c) perceive greater situational similarity with an unattractive than attractive other, with HSE Ss perceiving the reverse. 80 female Ss designated either high or low in self-esteem, based on their scores on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, evaluated either an attractive or unattractive stimulus person who had socially transgressed. Results indicate that, as predicted, LSE Ss tended to denigrate a transgressing attractive other more than HSE Ss. Although insignificant, the 2nd hypothesis was in the predicted direction in that LSE Ss judged a social transgression to be reflective of personality deficits more for the attractive than unattractive stimulus person. Situational similarity results were in accordance with predictions. (French summary) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Freezing of human embryos. A review of and a suggestion to unified guidelines for treatment at public fertility clinics in Denmark

In Denmark, legislation has made cryopreservation of human oocytes and embryos possible since October 1992. The legislation is reviewed. Cryopreservation of embryos constitutes a significant improvement of infertility treatment. The number of oocyte pick-ups and the number of embryos transferred can be reduced without compromising the total likelihood of success of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. According to Danish law, frozen embryos can only be stored for one year. This limit will interfere with patient expectations in numerous cases, and the time limit should be expanded. Moreover, freezing of embryos should be allowed in connection with oocyte donation programmes.     

建立职业健康安全和环境管理体系是企业可持续发展的基础

攀钢集团成都钢铁有限责任公司建立职业健康安全和环境管理体系管理模式过程中的一些具体做法,尤其是在结合公司实际情况、探索建立GB/T28001-2001和GB/T24001-2004标准体系一体化方面的做法有独到之处,值得建立类似体系单位借鉴.     

有色金属加工项目建设HSE影响因素分析评价方法与控制

本文简要叙述了有色金属加工项目建设HSE（健康、安全、环境）影响因素的概念、类别,从HSE影响因素发生危害的可能性、影响和频次等三个方面描述了分析方法,提出对HSE影响因素进行评价、分级和控制的步骤,并阐明了持续改进的必要。     

Ganglioside GD1alpha functions in the adhesion of metastatic tumor cells to endothelial cells of the target tissue

We studied the role of glycosphingolipids expressed on the cell surfaces of a metastatic tumor cell line. Glycosphingolipid compositions of the low-metastatic murine lymphosarcoma cell line RAW117-P and its sub-line, RAW117-H10, which shows higher metastatic potential for the liver than P cells, were compared. Both types of cells had LacCer, Gg3Cer, and Gg4Cer as the major neutral glycosphingolipids and GM1b and GD1alpha as the gangliosides. There are differences in glycosphingolipid contents, the neutral glycosphingolipid contents in the parental cells being 1.5-fold higher than that in the variant ones. In contrast, the level of GD1alpha in H10 cells was twice as much as that in the P cells; however, the expression of other gangliosides was down-regulated. On the basis of the results of glycosphingolipid analysis, we investigated the functional role of GD1alpha in H10 cells in the adhesion of the tumor cells to the target tissue by using hepatic sinusoidal endothelial (HSE) cells. GD1alpha and GM1b inhibited the adhesion when HSE cells were incubated prior to coculture with the tumor cells. This inhibitory effect by GD1alpha and GM1b was observed within 30 min after addition of H10 cells to HSE cells and was dose dependent. GD1alpha showed a higher inhibitory effect on the adhesion than GM1b, whereas other glycosphingolipids showed no inhibitory effect. Anti-GD1alpha monoclonal antibody also inhibited the adhesion between the H10 and HSE cells. When cultured without fetal bovine serum for 30 min in a various glycosphingolipids-coated dish for bacterial culture, HSE cells adhered to the area coated with GD1alpha but not to areas coated with other glycosphingolipids. HSE cell adhesion depended on the amount of GD1alpha coated on the plate. These data indicate that GD1alpha functions as an adhesion molecule in the process of metastasis of H10 cells.     

Federal recognition of psychology in rehabilitation programs.

Notes that because psychology is a relatively young profession, it has only recently begun to achieve express statutory recognition. However, throughout 2 landmark federal rehabilitation initiatives—the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (as amended) and the Education of All Handicapped Children Act—psychology has been deemed a full partner. Programmatic initiatives under both acts that should be of direct interest to psychologists are outlined. It is clear that the congressional committees that drafted the rehabilitation legislation hold psychology in high esteem. Not only are psychological services viewed as being important to all handicapped persons, but the profession's active participation in the political process has ensured that the underlying legislation will be truly interdisciplinary and inclusive in nature. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Increasing sex equity in education: Roles for psychologists.

Discusses the role that psychologists play in policy development, curriculum reform, and research aimed at achieving sex equity in education. It is suggested that psychologists have made significant headway in identifying inequities in education and have provided educators with some research-based programs, practices, and policies to help counteract these inequities. Opportunities for research relating to sex equity legislation are discussed, including Title IX, the Women's Educational Equity Act and Title IV of the Civil Rights Act, the Vocational Education Act of 1963, and mathematics/science equity legislation. The need for additional sex equity research and development to serve as a guide in the creation and implementation of cost-effective public policies and to assist educators as they encounter many difficult and subtle inequities based on sex, race, ethnicity, handicap, age, or a combination of these factors. (56 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Do people with low self-esteem really want to feel better? Self-esteem differences in motivation to repair negative moods.

This research examined the hypothesis that people with low self-esteem (LSE) are less motivated than people with high self-esteem (HSE) to repair their negative moods. In Study 1, participants completed diaries in response to either a success or a failure in their everyday lives. Participants described what they intended to do next and the reasons behind those plans. After failure, fewer LSE than HSE participants expressed a goal to improve their mood. A follow-up investigation (Study 2) suggested that this difference was not due to a self-esteem difference in knowledge of mood repair strategies. In Study 3, after undergoing a negative mood induction, fewer LSE than HSE participants chose to watch a comedy video, even though both groups believed the comedy video would make them happy. Studies 4 and 5 explored possible reasons why LSE people are less motivated than HSE people to repair their negative moods. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)