噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮的合成工艺研究

报道了一种噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮的简便、高效合成新工艺。巯基乙酸乙酯和2-氯丙烯腈在乙醇钠作用下进行环合制得3-氨基噻吩-2-甲酸乙酯,然后在乙酸乙酯中与氯化氢气体成盐进行分离。3-氨基噻吩-2-甲酸乙酯的盐酸盐直接与过量的甲酰胺关环制得噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮,两步总产率约80%。     

The Effect of 7 H -Dibenzo[ c,g ]carbazole and Benzo[ a ]pyrene Mixture on DNA Adduct Formation in Strain A/J Mouse Model: Preliminary Report

Complex mixtures consist of homocyclic and heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) represented by benzo[ a ]pyrene (B a P) and 7 H -dibenzo[ c,g ]carbazole (DBC), respectively. To exert their biological effects, PACs are metabolized into reactive intermediates, which can form DNA adducts. In this preliminary report, male A/J mice were given a single intraperitoneal injection. Groups of three animals were treated with DBC (2 or 10 mg/kg) or B a P (10 or 100 mg/kg). Mixtures of DBC:B a P were given at doses of 2:10, 2:100, 10:10, or 10:100 mg/kg. DNA adduct levels in lungs collected three days posttreatment were determined by the 32 P-postlabeling method. The results indicate that, in the lungs, exposure to mixtures containing more B a P than DBC resulted in the absence of adduct 3 (DBC) and significantly higher total adduct levels. This suggests that B a P is being preferentially metabolized, resulting in less DBC adduction.     

Synthesis of 1- and 2-Chloro-7 H -benz[ de ]anthr-7-one

Chloro-7 H -benz[ de ]anthr-7-ones (chlorobenzanthrones) are useful as starting materials for synthesis of larger polycyclic aromatic compounds by means of condensation. In the synthesis, the position of the chlorine atom is very important because the structure of condensation products strongly depends on it. For this reason, we have synthesized several chlorobenzanthrones. Although 3- and 4-chlorobenzanthrone were prepared by direct chlorination of benzanthrone and by glycerol condensation of 2-chloroanthraquinone, respectively, the synthesis of 1- and 2-chlorobenzanthrone has not yet been successful. In the present study, we attempted to synthesize them by use of the Sandmeyer reaction. First, we nitrated benzanthrone with nitric acid; 1- and 2-nitrobenzanthrone were obtained by nitration in nitrobenzene at 50-60° and in glacial acetic acid at 105-110°, respectively. Then the nitroderivatives were reduced to corresponding aminoderivatives; the reduction was performed with sodium sulfide for 1-nitrobenzanthrone and with hydrogen chloride and tin for 2-nitrobenzanthrone. Finally, chlorination was carried out by use of the Sandmeyer reaction. The products were separated and purified by column-chromatography. The position of chlorination was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy.     

3-氯-6-甲基二苯并[c，f][1，2]硫氮杂卓-11（6H）-酮5，5-二氧化物的合成

以4-氯-2-磺酰氯苯甲酸甲酯为原料,经缩合、甲基化、氢解及环合反应合成噻萘普汀重要中间体3-氯-6-甲基二苯并[c,f][1,2]硫氮杂卓-11（6H）-酮5,5-二氧化物,讨论了缩合反应中傅酸剂吡啶的用量对反应的影响以及氢解反应中氢化钠用量对反应的影响,得到了较优的工艺条件：n（4-氯-2-磺酰氯苯甲酸甲酯）-忍（吡啶）=1：1．86、n[4-氯-2-（N-甲基-N-苯基-胺磺酰基）-苯甲酸甲酯]：n（氢化钠）=1：3。对环合反应条件进行了研究,确定了适宜反应温度为100-110℃。总收率为55．9％,其化学结构经IR、^1H NMR、MS得以确证。     

Comparative Metabolism,Bioavailability, and Toxicokinetics of Benzo[ a ]pyrene in Rats After Acute Oral,Inhalation, and Intravenous Administration

The metabolic fate of high doses of B a P is not fully established. To fill this important data need, a comprehensive metabolism, bioavailability, and toxicokinetic study has been undertaken to track the fate of B a P subsequent to single acute exposures. Doses of 100 mg/kg body weight, 0.1 mg/m 3 (equivalent to 19 mg/kg oral dose), and 4.5 w g/kg B a P were administered to 8-week-old male F-344 rats via oral, inhalation (nose only), and intravenous routes, respectively. Rats were sacrificed at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hr postexposure. Blood, liver, lung, brain, reproductive tissues, urine, and feces samples were analyzed for parent B a P and metabolites by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Most of the administered B a P was metabolized 4, 6, and 72 hr postexposure for inhalation, intravenous, and oral routes, respectively. The following metabolites were detected: 4,5-dihydrodiol, 7,8-dihydrodiol, 9,10-dihydrodiol, 3,6-dione, 3-hydroxy, and 9-hydroxy B a P (organic fraction), glucuronides, sulfates, and glutathione conjugates (aqueous fraction). Toxicokinetic data revealed a high mean residence time, and low clearance values for B a P metabolites in lung, liver, and brain relative to plasma. Findings of this study establish the relationship between bioavailability and the acute toxic effects of B a P observed in our laboratory at these high doses.     

3-(4-羟基苄基)-8,9-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢苯并吡喃[3,4-c]吡啶-5-酮的合成

以3,4-二甲氧基苯酚和哌啶-4-酮-3-甲酸甲酯盐酸盐为原料,通过分子间环加成反应和N-烷基化反应,合成了一种潜在的多巴胺D4受体配基3-(4-羟基苄基)-8,9-二甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢苯并吡喃[3,4-c]吡啶-5-酮,并用1HNMR、IR、ESI-MS对其进行了表征。     

1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-酮的合成

以1,4,9,12-四氧杂二螺[4.2.4.2]十四烷为原料,采用酸性条件下水解缩酮选择性地脱除单侧羰基保护的方法合成了1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-酮.通过对盐酸、硫酸、甲酸、醋酸等催化性能的比较,对选择性的机理和影响因素进行了探讨,确定醋酸作为催化剂.优化了反应工艺条件,并对产品进行了IR、1HNMR的确认.结果表明,以冰醋酸作催化剂,反应溶剂V(冰醋酸):V(H2O)=5:1,反应浓度为0.05 g(mL(1,反应温度为65℃时,与原方法相比,反应时间由15 h缩短为约11 min, 产物的色谱收率由65%提高到80%.     

A Metabolic Activation Mechanism of 7 H -Dibenzo[ c,g ]carbazole Via o -Quinone. Part 1: Synthesis of 7 H -Dibenzo[ c,g ]carbazole-3,4-dione and Reactions with Nucleophiles

7 H -Dibenzo[ c,g ]carbazole (DBC) is a potent carcinogen present in the environment. The metabolic activation pathway of DBC has not been completely understood. The formation of the DBC- o -quinone was proposed and the novel DBC-3,4-dione was chemically synthesized from 4-OH- or 3-OH-DBC, using the Fremy's salt at room temperature. The DBC-3,4-dione was found to react readily with model nucleophile, 2-mercaptoethanol, to afford 1-(2'-hydroxyethylthio)-DBC-3,4-dione through 1,4-Michael addition. An adduct of DBC-3,4-dione with adenine was obtained; adducts formed with other DNA bases and nucleosides were partially characterized and are under further analysis. Under the same conditions, DBC-3,4-dione with guanine did not yield an adduct. These results are encouraging for further studies on DNA binding of DBC through 3,4-dione in vitro and in vivo.     

微波辐射合成5-氨基-噻唑[4,5-d]嘧啶-2(3H)-酮

以硫脲和氯乙酸为原料,在无溶剂和350 W微波辐射4 m in条件下,缩合生成中间体2,4-噻唑烷二酮(Ⅰ)产率91.5%;随后在无溶剂和400 W微波辐射5 m in条件下,通过V ilsm e ier甲酰化反应,生成中间体4-氯-5-甲酰基噻唑-2(3H)-酮(Ⅱ),产率86.7%;最后以正丙醇为溶剂,450 W微波辐射7 m in条件下,成环得到5-氨基-噻唑[4,5-d]嘧啶-2(3H)-酮(Ⅲ),产率80.5%。反应总产率为63.9%。合成产物与中间体的结构经1HNMR,MS和元素分析确认。     

1-甲基-3-(7-氟-4-炔丙基-1,4-苯并噁嗪-3-酮-6-基)-1,3-喹唑啉-2,4-二酮的合成及其除草活性

标题化合物(SYP-298)是沈阳化工研究院的试验除草剂,由邻硝基苯甲酸经5步反应制得。其结构经核磁共振谱和质谱分析确证。SYP-298在温室条件下38 g a.i./hm2可防多种阔叶杂草,在600 g a.i./hm2对玉米和水稻安全。     

3-苯基-2-（4-叔丁基苯氧基）-3＇-氧环己烷并噻吩并[2，3-d]嘧啶-4（3H）-酮的合成及其与BSA的相互作用

通过Aza-Wittig反应。碳二亚胺与酚类化合物在碱性催化条件下成环,合成了3-苯基-2-（4-叔丁基苯氧基）-3’-氧环己烷并噻吩并[2,3-胡嘧啶-4（3H）-酮（PTP）。在生理条件下。采用紫外吸收光谱法及荧光光谱法研究了PTP与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用。并采用同步荧光法考察了PTP的加入对BSA构象的影响。结果表明,PTP对BSA的荧光猝灭机理为静态猝灭过程。PTP与BSA的结合反应为自发进行,反应中主要作用力是氢键和范德华力,两者的结合位点数为1、结合距离为1．78nm．PTP的加入对BSA构象没有明显影响。     

三唑啉（硫）酮并环庚胺的合成

三唑啉（硫）酮是一类重要的杂环化合物,具有较高的生物活性和产品附加值。本路线以己内酰胺为起始原料,经过硫酸二甲酯的甲基化反应得到中间体（Ⅰ）,该中间体与肼基甲酸甲酯或肼基二硫代甲酸甲酯通过环化反应可得到三唑啉（硫）酮并环庚胺类杂环化合物。该化合物结构经过~1HNMR和MS表征。该合成方法具有条件温和、分离纯化简单、各步收率较高的优点,是合成此类杂环的一种好方法,适合工业化生产。     

催化加氢合成6-氨基-7-氟-2H-1,4-苯并口恶嗪-3(4H)-酮

6-氨基-7-氟-2H-1,4-苯并口恶嗪-3(4H)-酮(Ⅱ)是合成除草剂丙炔氟草胺的关键中间体,该文采用雷尼镍催化加氢还原7-氟-6-硝基-2H-1,4-苯并口恶嗪-3(4H)-酮(Ⅰ)高收率的制得了目标化合物Ⅱ,确定了最佳合成工艺条件:反应温度80℃,反应时间5 h,催化剂用量为原料质量的5%,氢气压力6 MPa,产品的收率95.2%,质量分数98.5%,溶剂和催化剂循环使用5次,对收率和产品质量分数无影响。产品结构经元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振确证。     

MgO-CeO2 nanocomposite: efficient catalyst for the preparation of 2-aminothiophenes and thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives

MgO-CeO₂ nanocomposite was prepared by a co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FE-SEM, and particle size distribution analysis. The XRD pattern shows the cubic phase of cerium oxide as the dominate phase. FE-SEM images show the homogeneity distribution of magnesium and cerium oxides in the sample. The mean particle size of nanocomposite determined by the dynamic light scattering technique is 66?nm. The catalytic activity of MgO-CeO₂ nanocomposite was examined on the synthesis of 2-aminothiophenes and thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives. In all cases, products were obtained in good to excellent yields.     

1-[7-氟-4-炔丙基-1，4-苯并噁嗪-3-酮-6-基]-3-正丙基-2-硫代咪唑啉三酮的合成及其除草活性

标题化合物(SYP-300)是沈阳化工研究院的试验除草剂。由丙基异硫氰酸酯与6-氨基-7-氟-4-炔丙基-1，4-苯并噁嗪-3-酮经两步反应制得。其结构经核磁共振谱、红外光谱和元素分析确证。SYP-300在温室条件下100ga．i．／hm^2可防除多种阔叶杂草，在200ga．i．／hm^2对小麦和水稻安全。     

1-[7-氟-4-炔丙基-1,4-苯并嗪-3-酮-6-基]-3-正丙基-2-硫代咪唑啉三酮的合成及其除草活性

标题化合物(SYP-300)是沈阳化工研究院的试验除草剂。由丙基异硫氰酸酯与6-氨基-7-氟-4-炔丙基-1,4-苯并嗪-3-酮经两步反应制得。其结构经核磁共振谱、红外光谱和元素分析确证。SYP-300在温室条件下100ga.i./hm2可防除多种阔叶杂草,在200ga.i./hm2对小麦和水稻安全。     

6-氨基-7-氟-2H-1,4-苯并(噁)嗪-3(4H)-酮的高效液相色谱法测定

叙述了采用反向高效液相色谱法,以甲醇为溶剂,甲醇与水(体积比65∶35)为流动相,ODS为填料和紫外检测器分离测定6-氨基-7-氟-2H-1,4-苯并嗪-3(4H)-酮。该方法的标准偏差为0.29,变异系数为0.32%,回收率为99.85%,线性关系系数为0.9997。     

7-氨基-6-氰基-5-(3-硝基苯基)吡喃并嘧啶-2,4-二酮的合成

报道了常温、超声辐射、水中、无催化剂条件下，以3-硝基苯甲醛、丙二腈和巴比妥酸为原料合成标题化合物的方法。考察了超声技术、反应时间及反应温度对反应的影响。最佳反应条件为：室温、超声辐射2h，收率为86．2％。     

Comparative Oncogenic Activation of 7H-Dibenzo[C,G]Carbazole and Dibenz[A,J]Acridine

7H-Dibenzo[C, G]carbazole (DBC) is a potent liver, lung and skin carcinogen while dibenz[A, J]acridine (DBA) is a moderate skin carcinogen. DBC is metabolized to phenols and DBC-DNA adducts are formed through the 2-, 3-, and 4-phenols or directly through radical cations. Mutations in ras as a result of DBC, activation are found exclusively in codon 61 in liver, lung and skin. DBA is metabolized to dihydrodiols, and phenols and DBA-DNA adducts are formed through the diol-epoxides and possibly through bis-diol-epoxides. Mutations in ras, as a result of DBA activation, are found in codons 12, 13, and 61. These results indicate that although the two compounds are structurally similar, differing by one carbon in the middle ring, there are differences in their metabolism, DNA binding, mutational spectra and target-organ carcinogenesis.     

One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-6-one Derivatives

An environmentally benign, simple, and efficient procedure has been developed for the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-6-one derivatives by the reaction of the variety of aryl-aldehydes, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one, and urea in the presence of catalytic amount of poly(N-vinylpyridinium) hydrogen sulfate in glycerol. The present method affords non-toxic and non-corrosive medium, short reaction times, high yield of the products, mild reaction conditions as well as simple experimental and isolation procedures. The catalyst can be recycled by simple filtration and reused without any significant reduction in its activity.