开发由乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯新工艺

综述乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯的合成工艺及研究过程，并将乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯与国外其它几种制氯乙烯的方法进行对比分析，介绍欧洲乙烯公司开发研究乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯的情况，指出乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯具有很好的经济效益。     

乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯工艺

介绍了乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯的合成工艺及研究过程，并将乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯与国外其他几种制氯乙烯的方法对比分析，还介绍了欧洲乙烯公司开发研究乙烷氧氯化制备氯乙烯的情况，指出乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯工艺具有很好的经济效益。     

乙烷氧氯化制氯乙烯

乙烷一步氧氯化制氯乙烯是氯乙烯单体新路线研究的重要动向。据报道,美国鲁姆斯公司开发的“Transcat”法已于1972年2月工业化,并有两个以上的其它公司买了它的专利。有人认为,乙烷一步氧氯化制氯乙烯的工业化是乙烯路线转向乙烷路线的里程碑。所列举的氯乙烯生产成本比较数据为:电石乙炔法,8美分/磅;乙烯氧氯化法,3.2美分/磅;乙烷一步氧氯化法,2美分/磅。经济比较对乙烯路线转向乙烷路线有利。另据报道,鲁姆斯公司根据其开发的从乙烷制氯乙烯的技术,研究出所谓“通用氯化法”,用于处理氯化羟残渣,并制得氯乙烯。     

流化床乙烯氧氯化制二氯乙烷催化剂研究进展

聚氯乙烯(PVC)是由氯乙烯单体聚合而成,乙烯氧氯化制氯乙烯工艺是目前世界上广为采用的氯乙烯单体制备方法。乙烯氧氯化制二氯乙烷是乙烯法生产聚氯乙烯的关键步骤,其核心是乙烯氧氯化制二氯乙烷催化剂。介绍了近年来用于流化床乙烯氧氯化反应的催化剂的开发应用现状和发展趋势。     

乙烷氧氯化反应制氯乙烯的研究

介绍了乙烷氧氯化反应制氯乙烯的研究情况,对Cu基催化剂的催化活性进行了评价。研究结果表明：助剂KCl、CeO2、LaCl3或La2O3均可显著提高Cu基催化剂的活性和稳定性。     

乙炔、二氯乙烷无汞催化制氯乙烯相关技术展望

介绍了乙炔、二氯乙烷无汞催化合成氯乙烯新工艺的优势,指出该工艺与乙烷氯化脱氢新工艺及氧阴极低槽电压离子膜电解制烧碱技术联合发展,会使我国PVC产业步入绿色、清洁、低成本的生产之路。     

全球PVC专利技术新进展(待续)

介绍了国内外有关PVC生产、加工、应用方面的专利新技术,包括乙烷氯化制氯乙烯、PVC糊树脂汽提、氯乙烯本体聚合、CPVC生产、聚合用分散剂、无害化增塑剂及废塑料回收等。     

全球PVC专利技术新进展(续完)

介绍了国内外有关PVC生产、加工、应用方面的专利新技术,包括乙烷氯化制氯乙烯、PVC糊树脂汽提、氯乙烯本体聚合、CPVC生产、聚合用分散剂、无害化增塑剂及废塑料回收等。     

全球PVC专利技术新进展(待续)

介绍了国内外有关PVC生产、加工、应用方面的专利新技术,包括乙烷氯化制氯乙烯、PVC糊树脂汽提、氯乙烯本体聚合、CPVC生产、聚合用分散剂、无害化增塑剂及废塑料回收等。     

无汞化PVC生产全面解决方案

提出了无汞化PVC生产的全面解决方案:(1)新建及条件充分的企业可采用"姜钟法"PVC生产工艺,以乙炔和二氯乙烷合成氯乙烯;二氯乙烷可外购或采用煤制烯烃工艺获得,也可采用乙烷氯化脱氢制乙烯+乙烯氧氯化制二氯乙烷工艺得到。(2)不具备"姜钟法"条件的电石法PVC生产企业可采用铜基无汞催化剂直接替代含汞催化剂。通过以上方案,可从根本上解决目前PVC行业面临的来自汞的环保压力,从而使电石法PVC行业走上绿色生产之路。     

Vinyl chloride technology: Present and future

The main lines of development in the technology of vinyl chloride in the midterm are considered. It is shown that the balanced process based on ethylene remains the main method of vinyl chloride production despite an increase in the fraction of vinyl chloride production from acetylene in China. Technological solutions that would favor the intensification of current technologies, especially at the stages of dichloroethane pyrolysis and the oxidative chlorination of ethylene, will play important role in the development of these processes. A possible method for the increase in the productivity of dichloroethane pyrolysis is the use of initiators that make it possible to increase the conversion of dichloroethane, decrease the temperature of the process, decrease power consumption, and increase the period of furnace operation without recovery. For the processes of oxidative chlorination of ethylene with the use of fluidized-bed catalysts, a low-active catalyst is recommended together with an increase in the process temperature to 250–260°C. This makes it possible to increase the real productivity of the catalyst and the overall stage by a factor of 1.8–2 because of intensified heat removal in the reactor without a decrease in the selectivity of the process.     

二氯乙烷中微量不饱和烃氯化研究

论述了二氯乙烷中不饱和烃对其裂解制氯乙烯单体的危害；介绍了氯化工艺小试开发全过程，并确定了氯化反应动力学的特征及条件。     

Producing ethylene and propylene from natural gas via the intermediate synthesis of methyl chloride and its subsequent catalytic pyrolysis

An original two-stage process for producing ethylene and propylene from natural gas via the catalytic pyrolysis of methyl chloride produced by methane catalytic chlorination is investigated. The kinetics of the methyl chloride catalytic pyrolysis on a silicoaluminophosphate catalyst SAPO-34 is studied and the process parameters are determined, yielding selectivities of 45% and 35% for ethylene and propylene, respectively, at 70% conversion of methyl chloride. The kinetics of methane oxidative chlorination is investigated on a catalyst that is a mixture of copper, potassium, and lanthanum chlorides deposited on a carrier. Based on the results from kinetic investigations, the process of methane oxidative chlorination is tested on an experimental setup in reactors of different types, two with fluidized catalyst beds (diameters 400 and 45 mm) and one tubular (diameter 27 mm), and on a pilot setup in a two-stage adiabatic reactor (diameter 800 mm). The process is tested with oxygen supply distributed for each stage at temperatures of 300–320°C at the inlet and 400–420°C at the outlet of the catalyst bed. The selectivity for methyl chloride formation among chloromethanes is 90%. A basic scheme is developed for a chlorine-balanced process of ethylene and propylene production from natural gas, and conditions for conducting methane oxychlorination and methyl chloride pyrolysis reactions in industrial reactors are determined. The process can be implemented at plants that need ethylene to increase deliveries of vinyl chloride and are experienced in working with hydrochloric acid and chlorinated derivatives of hydrocarbons.     

氯碱企业建设氧氯化锆及白炭黑项目的可行性

针对烧碱配套聚氯乙烯装置盈利空间减弱的形势,提出氯碱企业建设氧氯化锆和白炭黑项目的方案：采用锆英砂沸腾氯化法工艺生产氧氯化锆,同时将其副产的四氯化硅采用气相法工艺生产白炭黑.这样可以充分利用氯碱企业的过剩资源——氯气和氢气,并将生产白炭黑过程中副产盐酸解吸的氯化氢用于氯乙烯的合成,达到降低聚氯乙烯生产成本的目的.     

新型氯乙烯转化器的应用实效

汇总新型氯乙烯转化器的实际运行结果。新型转化器与常规转化器比较,单台生产能力可以提高50%以上,节省汞触媒30%以上,为提高转化器产能、降低汞消耗、减少汞污染开辟了一条新途径。采用新型氯乙烯转化器具有极大的社会效益和经济效益。     

偏氯乙烯生产技术的改进

对目前国内偏氯乙烯(VDC)生产工艺进行了分析,介绍的新技术,并用实验数据说明了新技术的优越性.     

VCM中HCl全回收、全解吸、零排放技术及装备

介绍了从生产氯乙烯产生的回收盐酸中解吸出氯化氢的新技术,及采用该技术可获得的经济效益.