制约局部增氧助燃技术在节能减排中应用的因素分析

目前在国内外,局部增氧助燃技术已成功实施了30种窑炉,累计为用户节省了数亿元,但推广比较难.从氧源、系统设计、综合调优、数据采用等4个方面对其应用进行分析,认为VPSA是最佳氧源,局部增氧助燃技术在节能减排方面具有广阔的前景.     

局部增氧助燃技术应用节能环保的新进展

1引言因为能源越来越紧缺,而且环保要求也越来越严格,所以近年来局部增氧助燃技术在节能环保方面的应用也越来越广泛。这是一种适用于各种窑炉的专用富氧喷嘴和"对称燃烧"、"α型燃烧"、"S型燃烧"等与窑炉、产品和燃料匹配的高新集成技术。该技术不仅避免了整体增氧副作用多、投资巨大等缺点,而且所配富氧量非常少,仅为所需助燃风量的1%～5%,     

研究局部增氧助燃技术及应用

介绍局部增氧助燃技术的有关概念,并通过典型实例说明:局部增氧助燃技术用于节能和环保时具有显著的经济效益和社会效益;然后阐述它用于节能和环保的机理;最后用实测数据证明:用富氧助燃时,能明显降低燃料的燃点和燃尽温度,并大大缩短燃尽时间。     

膜法制氧富氧助燃技术在干法水泥炉窑中的应用

针对膜法制氧富氧助燃技术在干法水泥炉窑上的应用实例,介绍了膜法制氧的节能原理、应用的安全性、使用寿命及在干法水泥炉窑的节能前景。提出膜法制氧富氧助燃技术是近代燃烧技术的新突破,可较好地解决窑炉燃烧中因缺氧导致热效率低下的问题,并减少有害气体的排出,实现了节约能源和保护环境。     

局部增氧助燃技术及其在抛煤机锅炉中的应用

本文介绍了富氧燃烧、局部增氧助燃技术及其优点,并将局部增氧助燃技术应用到抛煤机锅炉中,取得经济效益.最后,我们提出了目前存在的问题.     

膜法富氧局部增氧助燃技术应用于单元窑

由中国科学院大连化学物理研究所膜技术国家工程研究中心研究成功的膜法富氧局部增氧助燃技术于 2 0 0 3年 7月 2 1日首次在国内成功用于泰山玻璃纤维股份有限公司的单元窑 :平均节油大于 1 0 % ,而且产品产量和质量等明显提高 ,助燃风、大碹温度和排烟温度均大幅下降等。膜法富氧局部增氧助燃技术适用于各种燃料和大多数炉窑如马蹄焰窑、横火焰窑、油炉、链条炉、抛煤机炉、煤粉炉、焚烧炉、加热炉和热媒炉等 ,由于能提高产品产量和质量、显著节能、减少污染和延长炉龄等优点 ,曾通过北京市人民政府和中国科学院的联合鉴定 ,并被评为国家级…     

膜法富氧助燃技术用于锅炉节能减排改造

1概述膜法富氧助燃技术是锅炉最新节能减排技术,是膜法富氧技术和局部增氧助燃技术等的有机结合。富氧膜是一种用高分子材料制成的薄膜,其特点是在膜两侧的压力差驱动下,混合气体中不同组分的气体分子通过薄膜的速度不同,氧气透过富氧膜时的速度要比氮快2～10倍,     

膜法富氧局部助燃技术在煤粉锅炉上的应用

利用膜法富氧技术,在150 t/h煤粉锅炉上进行了局部增氧助燃技术的工业试验.实验表明:膜法富氧局部增氧助燃技术的应用,有效地解决了炉膛结焦和高温腐蚀问题;大渣及飞灰可燃物含量降低,提高了低负荷不投油稳燃能力;提高了锅炉热效率;降低了NOx排放量.     

局部增氧助燃技术及应用

一、引言 局部增氧助燃技术是我们经过十多年的国家重点科技攻关开发成功的适用于各种燃料和大多数工业炉窑的一系列高新技术,它是局部增氧技术和助燃技术两者的有机结合.     

膜法富氧局部增氧助燃技术及其在燃油锅炉中的应用

在燃油锅炉中应用膜法富氧助燃节能技术可以使普通空气的含氧量从２０．９４％提高到２８％～３０％，富氧气通过富氧喷嘴进入炉膛局部增氧形成“气包油”的燃烧状态，以４ｔ燃油锅炉为例，锅炉热效率提高８．３％，燃油节约率１６．６４％，节能效果非常显著。     

牵引电动机主动齿轮热套的改进建议

1 问题的提出 牵引电动机主动齿轮系内燃机车走行部传递动力的关键部件之一,它与电机轴的装配形式采用的是圆锥轴过盈配合,在机车满负荷运行时,其承担着列车大约410kW(C型车为480kW)的牵引力。如果机车在运用当中出现主动齿轮松脱或崩裂,特别是机车在低速重载牵引工况下,将导致电机绕组烧损放炮,造成正线机破,严重影响着机车的行车安全。我厂自试修机车以来,主动齿轮厂外松脱、崩裂现象时有发生,尤其是近期连续发生2381号、3541号、3591号、1094号机车因主动齿轮松脱、崩裂造成干线机破事故。这不仅给工厂造成较大的经济损失,而且严重影响着工厂的质量信誉,给用户也带来诸多不便。     

Strategy for selection of elements for heat transfer enhancement

The present paper points out that the selection of elements for heat transfer enhancement in heat exchangers requires a methodology to make a direct comparison of the performances of heat exchanger surfaces with different elements. Methods of comparison used in the past are, in many respects, approximate and hence fail to predict accurately the relative performance of conventional heat exchanger surfaces operated with different heat exchanger elements. Owing to the direct use of the Colburn factor for performance assessment, these methods over-predict the relative performance of heat exchangers. In the present paper, a more consistent comparison method is presented and is demonstrated to work by comparison of the performance of an experimentally investigated pin fin heat exchanger with that of a smooth pipe heat exchanger. The method yields results that belong to the volume goodness factors group. It represents a practical approach, as it is applicable to all kinds of heat exchanger surfaces and does not require the conversion of the experimental data in terms of Nusselt number and friction factor for comparison purposes. The present work demonstrates that the suggested method can also be used for performance comparison of existing heat exchanger surfaces with available heat transfer and pressure loss data.     

Strategies for selection of thermo-chemical processes for the valorisation of biomass

Research on biomass conversion has been gaining a lot of interest as biomass is renewable and sustainable in nature. Products from biomass can be obtained by different methods amongst which thermo-chemical route has a very high potential. Biomass is generally available in a localised manner in varying quantities and qualities throughout the year and hence, region specific technologies have to be developed considering the end user requirement. Pyrolysis is a very versatile technique with the above considerations. The process parameters can be tweaked to necessity to produce more bio-oil or bio-char. Thermogravimetric analysis is essential for understanding the decomposition behaviour of the feedstock before the lab scale pyrolysis is carried out. Pyrolysis using several regional feedstocks has been carried out under nitrogen and hydrogen atmosphere and different biomass feedstocks were also liquefied using sub/supercritical solvents. This review aims to provide a comparison of the results obtained using various processes. This helps in the decentralised processing of biomass (dry biomass using pyrolysis and wet biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction) to produce bio-crude which can be upgraded to produce fuels/chemicals/petrochemical feedstocks in an environmental friendly manner.     

Quantitative evaluation for effective removal of phosphorus for SoG-Si

Production of solar cells has increased rapidly in recent years, and metallurgical production of solar grade silicon (SoG-Si), has increased compared with more expensive processes such as Siemens process and Cz processes. It is important to understand the thermodynamic behavior of phosphorus in slag for optimized refinement of SoG-Si. In this study, the thermodynamic behavior of phosphorus in the CaO-SiO₂-CaF₂ slag system was investigated at 1773 K for various oxygen potential and slag composition. In addition, evaporation of phosphorus in the reduction process was observed during slag refining by addition of H₂ gas.Experimental results showed that the stability of phosphorus in slag depends on both the O²⁻(basicity) content of the slag and the solubility of Ca in silicon, and the dissolution mechanism of phosphorus into slag was derived. Results confirmed that phosphorus and calcium in molten silicon were also removed by acid leaching. The effective removal of phosphorus for SoG-Si using several refining processes was evaluated quantitatively.     

锅炉锅筒吊杆销轴强度校核计算程序

锅炉锅筒吊杆销轴强度校核一直是一个比较烦琐的计算过程，重复性大，通过用计算程序，可减轻劳动强度，节省劳动时间，满足生产需要。     

Application of scanning mid-IR-laser microscopy for characterization of semiconductor materials for photovoltaics

Scanning mid-IR-laser microscopy was previously demonstrated as an effective tool for the characterization of different semiconductor crystals. Now the technique has been successfully applied for the investigation of CZ Si_xGe_1−x – a promising material for photovoltaics – and multicrystalline silicon for solar cells. In addition, this technique was shown to be appropriate for the imaging of polishing-induced defects as well as huge defects such as “pin holes”. Besides, previously unexplained “anomalous” (cubic power) dependence of signal of the scanning mid-IR-laser microscope in the optical-beam-induced light scattering mode on the photoexcitation power obtained for mechanically polished samples has now been attributed to the excess carrier scattering on charged linear defects, likely dislocation lines. The conclusion is made in the article that scanning mid-IR-laser microscopy may serve as a very effective tool for defect investigations in materials for modern photovoltaics.     

铁路货车回转阻力矩计算方法初探

回转阻力矩作为货车转向架的一项重要技术参数,在铁路货车的设计中具有举足轻重的地位,其取值的大小直接影响转向架的动力学性能。分析了货车转向架回转阻力矩的典型形式和计算的基本原理,推导了平面心盘、球面心盘的摩擦阻力距计算公式。并以转K6型转向架和Y25型转向架为例,对旁承摩擦阻力矩、平面心盘和球面心盘摩擦阻力矩进行了详细的计算。     

锅炉机械不完全燃烧损失q4解析评估模型研究

针对传统计算机械不完全燃烧损失不利于在线耗差寻找的问题 ,通过理论推导和试验分析研究 ,推导出基于煤质特性与运行特性的锅炉机械不完全燃烧损失解析评估模型 ,实现了造成 q4 变化之因素的定量寻找。并分别以煤质特性参数可燃基挥发分Vdaf和运行特性参数炉膛出口过量空气系数αl 为例 ,验证了模型的精确性 ,为节能降耗提供依据     

Guidelines for assessment of investment cost for offshore wind generation

Offshore wind generation represents a key element for development of renewable energy, thanks to higher availability of energy source and lower presence of constraints. However, the feasibility of offshore wind farms has to be carefully evaluated, due to remarkable economical efforts required. In this paper, economic issues concerning costs in pre-investment and investment stages for offshore wind farms exploiting alternating-current transmission system are analysed. Single cost centres are detailed, taking into account technical features and current equipment exploitation. The aim is to formulate a general model to evaluate the total investment depending on wind farm layout. The model is employed to determine the most suitable connection solution for a 150-MW test wind farm, accounting for different connection schemes and the presence of an offshore or onshore substation. Further tests are run to evaluate cost variation for larger wind farms with different nominal voltage levels.