Bacillus subtilis Z-5产果胶酶发酵条件的优化及其应用

为进一步提高果胶酶的产量,采用响应面法优化了Bacillus subtilis Z-5产果胶酶的发酵培养基和发酵条件,并将优化后得到的果胶酶应用于梨汁澄清实验。通过单因素实验探究9个因子对B. subtilis Z-5产果胶酶活力的影响,然后采用Plackett-Burman试验设计筛选出3个显著影响产酶的因素：酵母粉含量、pH、培养时间;再结合响应面设计法确定了最佳的发酵条件。结果表明最佳的发酵培养基成分是果胶10 g/L,酵母粉7.99 g/L,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.5 g/L;最佳的发酵条件为初始pH5.66,发酵温度37℃,培养时间72 h,接种量为6%(v/v),装液量50/250 mL,底物浓度为10 g/L;在此基础上,B. subtilis Z-5产果胶酶酶活力由879.00 U/mL提高到1549.62 U/mL,是优化前的1.76倍。在梨汁澄清实验中表明果胶酶的最适添加量为4 mL,最适酶解时间为2.5 h,最适酶解温度为65℃,最适酶解pH为6.0,此时透光率最大为79.77%,与商品酶相比,自制果胶酶是一种具有多种...     

天然促生因子促使黄浆水发酵条件优化

选择面粉、玉米粉、糯米粉、大米粉为参试天然促生因子,黄浆水为培养基质,产酸量、pH为考察指标。探讨不同天然促生因子、发酵温度、发酵时间、接种量、最佳天然促生因子添加量对黄浆水自然发酵产酸的影响,研制一种豆腐天然凝固剂。在单因素实验的基础上,采用均匀设计法对其发酵条件进行优化,并对产酸量进行二次多项式逐步回归分析。结果表明,面粉为最佳天然促生因子;黄浆水最适自然发酵条件为:发酵温度37℃,接种量3%(v/v),发酵时间24h,面粉添加量7.5%(w/v),培养基初始pH 6.2,产酸量达0.8301g/100mL。     

好食脉孢霉产纤溶酶的液体发酵条件优化

以麸皮、豆渣为原料,对好食脉孢霉液体发酵产纤溶酶的发酵条件进行优化。通过单因素试验和正交试验,以纤溶酶酶活为指标,确定好食脉孢霉液体发酵产纤溶酶的最佳发酵条件,其最佳产酶条件为:麸皮添加量10g/100 m L、豆渣添加量32.5 g/100 m L、葡萄糖添加量2 g/100 m L以及摇床转速275 r/min,此条件下纤溶酶酶活可达到134.48 U/m L。     

醋酸菌培养条件的优化及醋酸分批发酵

目的醋酸菌培养条件的优化与醋酸发酵实验。方法通过正交试验确定最佳培养条件,并在优化条件下进行分批发酵。结果优化培养条件为:葡萄糖10g/L,酵母膏10g/L,乙醇10%(v/v),pH5.5,装量50mL/500mL,静置培养5d。在优化条件下,醋酸产量比用普通产酸培养基提高了36.4%。应用于分批发酵试验产酸较高。结论优化培养条件适合醋酸菌生长与醋酸发酵。     

甘蔗汁风味醋乙醇发酵阶段混合菌种发酵工艺的研究

为了增加甘蔗汁风味醋的香气,在甘蔗汁酿醋的乙醇发酵阶段采用异常汉逊酵母和酿酒酵母进行混合菌种发酵,研究了发酵工艺条件.通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定了最佳工艺条件为:初糖浓度为180 g/L,混合菌种的时间是异常汉逊酵母发酵36 h,发酵0～36 h控制28℃,发酵36 h以后控制30℃.在此条件下,发酵液中总酯含量和乙醇转化率分别为6.6 g/L和30.2%,发酵液香气和乙醇转化率均达到较高要求.     

黑果腺肋花楸果醋饮料的生产工艺研究

以黑果腺肋花楸果实为原料,经过酒精发酵和醋酸发酵的单因素试验和正交试验,确定最佳发酵工艺;酒精发酵最佳工艺条件为:初始p H4,酵母接种量0.02%,发酵温度26℃,此时酒精度为8.30%;醋酸发酵的最佳工艺条件为:初始酒精度6%,醋酸菌接种量1.2%,发酵温度34℃,此时的总酸含量为66.02 g/L;黑果腺肋花楸果醋饮料最佳调配配方为:原果醋添加量10%,白砂糖添加量100 g/L,柠檬酸添加量0.8 g/L,此条件下得出黑果腺肋花楸果醋饮料的感官最佳。     

马铃薯发酵乳饮料的研制

以马铃薯、牛奶为主要原料,利用乳酸菌发酵研制出马铃薯发酵乳饮料。通过单因素试验和正交试验对饮料的配方及稳定性进行探究,确定最佳的工艺参数与产品配方。以感官评分为评价指标,结果显示最佳工艺参数为:马铃薯浆与牛奶比例为6∶4(v/v),乳酸菌接种量4%(v/v),发酵温度41℃,发酵时间为20 h。以感官评分与沉淀率为评价指标,结果显示最佳产品配方为:蔗糖添加量8%(w/w),复合酸味剂(柠檬酸∶酒石酸=1∶2)添加量0.1%(w/w),复配稳定剂(琼脂∶果胶∶单甘酯=4∶1∶1)添加量为0.2%(w/w)。制得的马铃薯发酵乳饮料风味独特,口感细腻,酸甜可口。     

固定化醋酸杆菌发酵甘蔗果醋的研究

为了促使固定化醋酸杆菌在甘蔗果醋生产中的应用,采用凝胶包埋法对菌种C22进行固定化,采用发酵罐对固定化醋酸杆菌进行发酵试验,研究了酒精浓度、接种量、发酵后期溶氧水平等影响因素以及发酵稳定性。试验结果表明,最佳的条件确定为:酒精浓度6%(v/v),接种量6%(w/v),发酵后期(96 h以后)的溶氧水平15%。在最佳条件下,连续10批的醋酸产量平均值为43.7 g/L。     

产气肠杆菌发酵蔗糖产乳酸条件的优化

研究产气肠杆菌发酵蔗糖产乳酸的发酵条件。从云南省思茅山区的土壤中筛选得到一株可利用糖质原料发酵产乳酸的产气肠杆菌YS8。通过单因素及正交试验,得到最佳发酵培养基组成为:蔗糖60g/L,酵母膏1.5g/L,NaCl 2g/L,玉米浆1.5g/L,CaCO3 40g/L;最佳培养条件为:250mL摇瓶装液10%,接种量为4%,30℃、200r/min培养44h。在此条件下,该菌最大产酸量为58.5g/L,产酸速率为1.3g/(L.h),对蔗糖的转化率高达97.6%。产气肠杆菌YS8能够高效利用蔗糖发酵产乳酸,具有较好的工业应用前景。     

产β-葡萄糖苷酶菌株的筛选及产酶条件优化

为开发新型高产β-葡萄糖苷酶的微生物菌种资源,本实验从腐木中分离获得1株产β-葡萄糖苷酶的青霉菌株L1;经等离子-硫酸二乙酯复合诱变后利用七叶苷平板法初筛,摇瓶发酵复筛,最终获得1株可稳定遗传的突变菌株D-6,经单因素试验、Plackett-Burman试验、最陡爬坡试验和响应面试验确定了其发酵产酶最佳条件。结果表明,最佳产酶条件是:KH_2PO_4 6 g/L、MgSO_4·7H_2O1 g/L、CaCl_2 0.5 g/L、FeS04 0.1 g/L,初始pH5.2,接种量5%(孢子浓度10~8个/mL),碳源添加量(X_1)玉米秸秆45.74 g/L、氮源添加量(X_2)(NH_4)_2SO_47.23 g/L、装液量(X_5) 63 mL/250 mL发酵温度28℃摇床转速160 r/min,发酵时间132 h,D-6菌株的β-葡萄糖苷酶活力为142.92 U/mL,较出发菌株L1提高了274.4%。研究结果为产β-葡萄糖苷酶菌株发酵条件优化提供技术参考同时为该类菌株的开发和应用提供有效的菌种资源。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press